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新型储能技术的快速进步为提升电力系统灵活性提供了更多技术选择，也为构建竞争性灵活资源市场提供了条件。国外部分独立系统运营商为适应储能物理特性，在能量市场、辅助服务市场、容量市场、输电资产方面做了机制探索；国内一系列电力体制改革文件强调探索容量补偿机制以鼓励新型储能投资建设，但国家层面尚未出台针对新型储能的容量补偿政策。结合主流新型储能技术经济参数与国内典型地区现货市场价格曲线，测算了现货市场环境下各类新型储能经济性差异与未来趋势，并基于国内外容量补偿机制经验与研究成果，研究不同容量补偿机制情景下容量电价对提升新型储能经济性的作用。研究发现，以锂电池为代表的新型储能已开始显现相对于抽水蓄能的经济性，赋予新型储能独立市场地位，鼓励其参与电力现货市场，有助于降低新能源发电系统消纳成本。然而，目前新型储能参与电力现货市场仍面临阻碍，为此在容量补偿、现货与辅助服务市场建设等方面给出了政策建议。

能源转型背景下新能源的迅猛发展给电力系统带来更多不确定性,如何评估在此形势下电网规划方案的合理性是一项重大挑战。输电线路利用率是评价输电资源利用的关键指标,但传统利用率指标通常以热稳定极限功率为参照,忽略了电网运行状态对线路输电能力的影响,无法从指标本身分析输电资源利用水平受限的原因。在系统安全约束限制下,输电线路最大输电能力（total transfer capability,TTC）一般小于热稳定极限功率。对输电线路TTC的计算方法进行了研究,以最优潮流模型为基础,从单时段和多时段两方面分别计算输电线路在系统安全约束下的TTC,同时设计线性化方法降低模型求解难度。然后基于输电线路TTC,提出能够有效表征输电线路资源利用水平的改进利用率计算方法。最后,算例分析对输电线路TTC进行了讨论,对输电线路合理利用率做出评估分析,得出输电资源利用水平受限原因,验证了所提模型和方法的合理性与有效性。

In the field of low-frequency vibration isolation research,the proposed quasi-zero stiffness provides people with new solutions.This paper systematically summarizes the structure and characteristics of various quasi-zero stiffness isolators.The control method and engineering application examples of quasi-zero stiffness isolator are described in detail.The research status of quasi-zero stiffness isolator at home and abroad is compared and analyzed.And look forward to the future development trend of quasi-zero stiffness isolators.Finally,the existing problems and corresponding solutions of the quasi-zero stiffness isolator are described.

急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）诊治是一个系统工程。AIS诊疗指南可规范和 指导临床实践，但指南在临床实践中应用时，各基层医院可能面临不同的问题。本文对临床中的常见 问题包括AIS的急诊评估和转运、影像评估、溶栓和抗栓治疗及血管内治疗等进行了总结和评价。 Abstract: Diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a systematic project, and AIS related guidelines can provide guidance for clinical practice. The primary hospitals may face different problems during applying the guidelines to practice. This paper summarized and evaluated the common problems including AIS emergency assessment and transfer, imaging evaluation, intravenous thrombolysis and antithrombotic therapy, and endovascular treatment in primary hospitals.

鉴于对温度和折射率双参量同时监测的必要性,设计并实验研究了一种基于复合干涉仪结构的双参量传感器。通过级联单模光纤-空芯光纤-光子晶体光纤,同时形成了一个法布里-珀罗干涉仪和一个马赫-曾德干涉仪。通过同时观测反射光谱和透射光谱的变化,可以同时监测温度和折射率两种参量的变化。利用透射谱对折射率的敏感性和反射谱对温度的敏感性,通过实验测得该传感器的折射率灵敏度和温度灵敏度分别为127.46nm/RIU和52.3pm/℃,表明该传感器可以对环境折射率和温度同时进行监测,具有实际应用价值。

【目的】探讨白介素-17（IL-17）促进支气管平滑肌细胞（BSMC）的增殖与迁移作用及JAK/STAT3相关信号通路在其中的作用机制。【方法】使用不同浓度IL-17处理BSMC不同时间，以确定最佳实验条件。随后使用MTT检测细胞活力，BrdU染色观察细胞增殖状态，并使用PI染色流式细胞仪检测细胞周期。进一步利用细胞迁移实验检测细胞迁移能力。使用Westernblot实验检测IL-17处理后BSMC的JAK、p-JAK、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达量。利用JAK/STAT3信号通路特异性阻断剂AG490来特异性阻断JAK/STAT3信号通路，检测阻断JAK/STAT3信号后IL-17对细胞增殖、迁移以及JAK/STAT3信号通路蛋白表达量的影响。【结果】IL-17可促进BSMC增殖（P

文章设计并实现了一种基于嵌入式数据库的波分复用-无源光网络（WDM-PON）系统软件。该系统软件可对图形网管和各种字符终端用户提供管理接口,完成对各种电信业务的管理、监控和配置。结合使用嵌入式数据库,该软件可提高系统软件的性能,尤其是可靠性、实时性,并缩短软件开发周期。

仅部分节点具有组播能力的光网络称为稀疏分光网络,基于网络性能和成本的考虑,网络常为稀疏分光配置。稀疏分光网络中组播路由主要解决如何为多点传送的组播业务请求寻找合适的光树或光森林的问题。在综合分类的基础上,文章重点对目前稀疏分光网络中的组播路由机制和相关算法进行分析和总结,并对未来工作进行了展望。

公共交换电话网/综合业务数字网（PSTN/ISDN）仿真子系统作为下一代网络（NGN）多个业务控制子系统之一,其实现架构主要有两种方式:基于呼叫服务器的方式和基于IP多媒体子系统（IMS）的方式。两种方式各有优劣。文章对这两种方式作了简要介绍,并从核心架构、业务实现方式和演进方式等方面进行了比较分析,最后结合国内电信网络的发展和现状对方案的选择提出了建议。

波分复用无源光网络（WDM-PON）实现了点到点的连接,可为每个用户提供专有波长,被普遍认为是未来宽带接入的代表性技术。WDM-PON的关键在于:要求采用低成本、"无色"的光网络单元（ONU）,以避免波长选择器件所带来的安装、运营以及维护成本的增加。本文简要分析了3种WDM-PON的无色ONU的实现方法,指出无色ONU是构建WDM-PON的一种较理想的解决方案。

以太网无源光网络（EPON）已经在全球得到广泛应用,光线路终端（OLT）设备是EPON的核心。由于EPON是点到多点的共享型网络,网络安全会受到威胁,保护OLT设备对整个EPON有着重要意义。文章介绍了EPON OLT设备防攻击方法,重点介绍了交换芯片在设备防攻击中扮演的重要角色,并举例说明了EPON设备如何防攻击。

IP多媒体子系统（IMS）采用Diameter协议实现网络认证、授权和计费的功能。Diameter协议包括基础协议和扩展应用协议两部分。文章主要分析IMS中的Diameter SIP应用和Diameter信用控制应用两种扩展应用协议,重点探讨如何应用Diameter扩展协议进行IMS的认证、授权和在线计费的问题。

文章简要地介绍了下一代网络（NGN）中大规模路由技术电话路由信息协议（TR IP）的特点和发展,主要从TR IP所能完成的功能和其体系结构等方面介绍了该技术。文章详细阐述了TR IP的拓扑结构和定位服务器上的有限状态机的工作过程,最后对TR IP目前的应用做了简单的介绍。TR IP技术作为通用的交换路由信息的工具可以较好地实现NGN全域路由。

自动交换光网络（ASON）是一种具有高灵活性和高可扩展性的基础光网络,它能在光层上直接提供服务,从而快速地满足用户的需求,并有效地解决网络的可扩展性、可管理性、快速配置用户带宽和端到端保护等问题。文章给出了ASON的体系结构,包括3个平面、3种接口和3类连接。

文章给出了多包层标准单模光纤的宏弯曲损耗模型,这一损耗模型不仅适用于多包层单模光纤的宏弯曲损耗的计算,也适用于单包层单模光纤的宏弯曲损耗的计算。文章还讨论了弯曲半径及工作波长与单模光纤弯曲损耗之间的关系,并把这种关系与传统的弯曲损耗模型进行了比较,比较结果表明,单模光纤包层对弯曲损耗有很大的影响。此外,文章还运用模式耦合理论详细解释了廊（Whispering-gallery,WG）模对损耗振荡的影响。

错连就是在发生保护倒换时,一条业务被传送到另外的节点,而不是预定的节点并且没有纠正动作的情形.它是由波长重用和共享保护引起的.采用波长重用和共享保护的波分复用（WDM）环网在多点故障或节点失效时将产生错连.文章将就如何检测和阻止错连,提出一些见解.

【目的】检测涎腺肿瘤组织中细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子(EMMPRIN)的表达和微血管密度(MVD)值,探讨EMMPRIN和MVD对涎腺常见肿瘤的侵袭性方面的生物学作用机理。【方法】用SP免疫组织化学法检测9例正常涎腺组织,28例多形性腺瘤,25例黏液表皮样癌,33例腺样囊性癌中EMMPRIN的表达和MVD值。【结果】EMMPRIN在正常涎腺组织、多形性腺瘤、黏液表皮样癌、腺样囊性癌的表达阳性率分别为1/9、54%、84%、91%(P

【目的】观察雷帕霉素（rapamycin）对体外培养的大鼠胸主动脉平滑肌细胞（SMC）增殖的作用。【方法】组织贴块法体外原代培养大鼠胸主动脉平滑肌细胞，取对数生长期细胞（第6-10代）用作实验，MTr法检测不同浓度雷帕霉素对平滑肌细胞增殖的效果，并用RT-PCR法检测其对平滑肌细胞增殖细胞核抗原（proliferating cell nuclear antigen，PCNA）mRNA表达情况的影响。【结果】①MTT法检测显示雷帕霉素呈剂量依赖性抑制体外培养的大鼠平滑肌细胞增殖，各组吸光值似）分别为：对照组0．902±0．106；0．1ng／mL组0．873±0．079；1ng／mL组0．797±0．046；10ng／mL组0．692±0．061；100ng／mL组0．624±0．075。方差分析差异有显著性。F=28．85，P〈0．001；两两比较1ng／mL以上浓度组与对照组间差异均有显著性，不同浓度间差异显著。0．1ng/mL组与对照组相比差异无显著性。②RT-PCR显示雷帕霉素以浓度依赖模式抑制大鼠平滑肌细胞PCNA-mRNA合成。各组校正后光密度值分别为：对照组219．35±7．20；0．1ng／mL组212．39±6．56；1ng/mL组113．15±10．09；10ng／mL组97．17±12．25；100ng／mL组84．38±8．66。方差分析F=195．49，P〈0．001。两两比较与MTT检测相同。【结论】雷帕霉素呈剂量依赖性显著抑制大鼠平滑肌细胞的增殖，1ng／mL时即可明显起效。雷帕霉素有望成为治疗内支架术后再狭窄的理想药物之一。

【目的】探讨C-Myc／Fas基因BcaCD885细胞裸鼠移植瘤内转染的抑瘤效果，了解分子机制。【方法】构建人颊癌BcaCD885细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型，实验动物分3组，每组16只。分别瘤内注射脂质体、脂质体，pBK-fas、以及脂质体／pBK-Fas／pcDNA3-C-Myc共聚物，观测移植瘤增殖，绘制生长曲线。转染72h后每组处死6只动物，RT-PCR检测移植瘤细胞FasmRNA表达。流式细胞术（Flowcytometry，FCM）检测Fas蛋白表达和移植瘤细胞凋亡、增殖水平。【结果】Fas转染、C-Myc／Fas共转染抑制肿瘤增殖，生长抑制率分别为47．33％±2．29％和49．93％±5．15％，差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。Fas转染、C-Myc／Fas共转染增强移植瘤细胞FasmRNA表达，提高Fas蛋白阳性表达率、阳性表达强度和凋亡指数。共转染组增殖指数为65．45％±7．11％。高于对照组和Fas组（53．26％±6，37％和51．93％±7．51％），差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。对照组和Fas组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。【结论】Fas、C-Myc／Fas转染抑制人颊癌细胞裸鼠移植瘤增殖与增强Fas表达、促进细胞凋亡有关。

【目的】合成放射诱导启动子序列并构建其调控双自杀基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1 (+)/ECDglyTK 。【方法】利用人工寡核苷酸片段合成放射诱导启动子, 以绿色荧光蛋白(GFP) 作为报告基因转染 Tca8113 细胞, 经流式细胞仪鉴定其辐射诱导特性。将pCEA-CDglyTK 中双自杀基因CDglyTK 亚克隆到 pcDNA3.1(+), 然后把合成启动子插入到CDglyTK 上游构建质粒pcDNA3.1(+)/E-CDglyTK 并酶切鉴定, 阳离子 脂质体介导其转染舌鳞癌Tca8113 细胞, RT-PCR 观察CDglyTK 表达及诱导放疗的增效作用。【结果】合成启动 子序列分析与设计序列完全一致; 低剂量放射线照射可诱导这种人工启动子增强GFP 在Tca8113 细胞中的表 达; 重组质粒的酶切图谱与预期一致; 3 Gy 放疗显著增强CDglyTK 在Tca8113 细胞中的表达。【结论】成功合 成放射诱导启动子并构建由其调控双自杀基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1(+)/E-CDglyTK, 为进一步研究肿瘤 放射- 基因治疗奠定了基础。

【目的】研究舌鳞状细胞癌(简称舌鳞癌, 下同)组织中新生微血管的密度(MVD)与舌鳞癌患者预后的关系。【方 法】用免疫组织化学S-P 法对75 例舌鳞癌标本进行染色, 依据Weidner 法进行肿瘤微血管密度计数, 并与舌鳞癌的病理分级、 颈淋巴结转移与否及患者生存期作比较。【结果】不同分化程度舌鳞癌组织中新生血管密度不同(P

【目的】准确检测口腔鳞状细胞癌及正常口腔粘膜中人乳头瘤病毒 16 型( HPV16)的感染状况,探讨人乳头瘤病 毒 16 型与人口腔鳞状细胞癌之间的关系。【方法】从 30 例未经治疗的口腔鳞状细胞癌患者肿瘤组织及 30 例健康志愿者正 常口腔粘膜切取标本, 液氮冷冻保存; 常规提取组织 DNA, 设计 HPV16 E7 转化基因特异性引物,进行聚合酶链反应, 对 PCR 结果进行检测,记录结果。【结果】30 例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者中检测到 11 例 HPV16阳性 ,感染率 36. 7%; 30 例正常对照组中 检测到 4 例 HPV16阳性,感染率 11. 1%。经 χ 2 检验,两者差别有显著性。【结论】人乳头瘤病毒 16 型与人口腔鳞状细胞癌有 一定关系,但 HPV16在人口腔鳞状细胞癌发生发展过程中所起的作用还有待进一步研究。

BACKGROUND: The alteration of miR-146a-3p level is a common event in the pathogenesis of most neurological diseases, and the specific mechanism of miR146a-3p regulation of astrocytes has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: To verify that miR-146a-3p regulates astrocyte proliferation, migration and apoptosis through insulin-like growth factor 1. METHODS: 12 SD rats were divided into a sham operation group and a spinal cord injury group, with six rats in each group. RNA sequencing analysis was performed on the spinal cord tissues of all groups 2 weeks after surgery to screen out the differential genes (log2FC > 2), and to select spinal cord injury-related genes (Score > 20) in the Genecards database, and then to predict the target genes of miR-146a-3p by Targetscan. The intersection of three gene sets was obtained to screen out insulin-like growth factor 1 as one of the important target genes. qPCR, western blot assay and immunohistochemistry were performed to analyze the expression level of insulin-like growth factor 1 in spinal cord tissues. The primary astrocytes were divided into NC group, NC-mimics group and miR-146a-3p mimics group. Annexin-V/PI staining was used to detect cell apoptosis. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration ability. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of miR-146a-3p in the spinal cord tissue of the spinal cord injury group was lower than that of the sham operation group (P < 0.05). The expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 in the spinal cord tissue of the spinal cord injury group was higher than that of the sham operation group (P < 0.05). Compared with the NC group and NC-mimics group, the apoptotic rate of astrocytes was increased (P < 0.01); the proliferation of astrocytes was decreased (P < 0.01) and the number of migration was decreased (P < 0.01) in the miR-146a-3p mimics group. To conclude, the expression of miR-146a-3p decreased and the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 increased in spinal cord tissue after spinal cord injury. miR -146a-3p targeted regulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 in astrocytes, inhibited the proliferation and migration of astrocytes and promoted their apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Industrial Minerals & Processing / Huagong Kuangwu yu Jiagong is the property of Industrial Minerals & Processing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Geology & Exploration is the property of Xian Research Institute of China Coal Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Environmental soil science is a compulsory basic course of environmental science and engineering majors. The course is rich in ideological and political elements, which provides favorable conditions for carrying out the ideological and political education. This paper deeply excavated the connotation of moral education and education elements contained in each chapter of the course, and organically integrated ideology and politics education elements into class teaching. In the meantime, according to the professional talent training program and graduation requirements, and carried out political ideology and morality education combining curriculum content for students, and played the role of professional courses in educating function, so as to realize the fundamental task of moral education in colleges and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 构建基于深度机器学习的人工智能管理系统, 并探讨其在病案管理中的应用效果. 方 法 选取2023年该院诊治患者作为研究对象, 其中2023年7-9月为观察组, 将2023年3-5月为对照组. 选 取参与2个时间段病案管理工作的医务人员20名, 按管理模式不同将2023年7-9月作为 A 组, 2023年3-5 月作为 B组. 观察组采用基于深度机器学习的人工智能管理系统进行病案管理, 对照组采用常规病案管理模 式. 比较观察组、对照组病案管理错误发生率, 比较 A 组、B组管理人员借阅时间、检索时间、复印时间、病案管 理质量评分及病案管理人员满意度. 结果 观察组病案缺陷发生率低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05). A 组借阅时间、检索时间、复印时间短于 B 组, 病案管理质量评分高于 B 组, 差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05). A 组病案管理人员总满意度高于 B组, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 基于深度机器学习的人 工智能管理系统可降低病案管理错误发生率, 缩短病案管理人员借阅时间、检索时间、复印时间, 提高病案管理 质量和病案管理人员满意度. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim To investigate the inhibition role and mechanism of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) exosomes (Exo) on adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods The changes of autophagy and inflammasomes phenotype of cardiac fibroblasts after H2O2 treatment were observed. MI rats were injected with an equal volume of normal saline, adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (MSC-Exo) or fibroblast exosomes (MEF-Exo) via a tail vein. The expression of autophagy related 16 like protein 1 (ATG16L1), autophagy related protein 7 (ATG7) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), inflammatory response, the degree of myocardial fibrosis, and the cardiac function were observed in different groups. Results After treatment with H2O2 on cardiac fibroblasts, the expressions of ATG16L1 and ATG7 were significantly decreased (P<0. 001), NLRP3 was significantly increased ( P < 0. 001 ), and the levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β ( IL-1β) and IL-18 were significantly elevated (P < 0. 001 ). After MI rats were intervened with MSC-Exo, the expressions of autophagy related proteins ATG16L1 and ATG7 were significantly up-regulated (P<0. 001), NLRP3 was significantly down-regulated (P<0. 001), serum IL-1β and IL-18 levels were significantly decreased (P<0. 001), fibrosis-related proteins collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ were significantly reduced (P<0. 001), myocardial fibrosis was significantly relieved (P<0. 001), and cardiac function was significantly improved (P<0. 001). Conclusion Adipose derived MSC-Exo play a role in inhibiting adverse ventricular remodeling after MI by regulating the balance of autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The purpose of paper is to understand the development history of vegetation restoration in waste sites of production and construction projects, analyze the hot research issues, and further to promote the development of the research in terms of vegetation restoration. [Methods] The method of bibliometrics was used to survey on the literature of Web of Science database and CNKI database. [Results] It has been found out that the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) of India and the Chinese Academy of Sciences are the institutions with the most relevant articles published. The top ranked domestic institution in terms of the number of articles published is Beijing Forestry University. The ecological restoration technology, biodiversity, the quality evaluation of ecological restoration have been incorporated into the research clusters of the international institutions. The domestic researchers focus on restoration of ecosystem structure, vegetation restoration mode and soil quality evaluation system, etc. According to the analysis of highlighted keywords, ecosystem services', 'vegetation restoration' and 6 'waste sites of coal mine can be the focus of international research at present. The domestic researches in recent years emphasized ecological restoration, landscape design, and planning and design. [Conclusion] The current studies are mostly based on the short-term experiments, and there are few studies on the whole restoration process at large scale. Besides, the studies on comprehensive reconstruction of ecosystem functions have not been perfect yet. The hotspots of the future studies will take integrated ecological and landscape benefits into the consideration when conducting vegetation restoration, and emphasize on ecosystem services and landscape design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the water hole blasting effect in the water rich rock area of a certain open pit mine, a study was conducted on rock debris filling materials through theoretical analysis and on site experiments. The influence of radial water uncoupling charge coefficient, filling length, and delayed detonation on the blasting effect was analyzed through numerical simulation. The results show that as the particle size of rock debris increases, the shear strength of the filling structure also increases, and the effect of filling is also enhanced; The filling effect is most significant when the ratio of <5 mm with $5 mm rock debris particles is 3 5 7 in the filling structure; When the radial water uncoupled charge coefficient Kd is 1. 33, perfect blasting effects can be achieved to save explosive costs;Delayed detonation can provide more free surfaces to reduce the fragmentation of rock masses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis is the property of Nanjing Hangkong Daxue and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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