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Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Geoscientica Sinica is the property of Acta Geoscientica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of East China Geology / Huadong dizhi is the property of Editorial Department of East China Geology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Industry is the property of Natural Gas Industry Journal Agency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Neurosurgery / Linchuang Shenjingwaike Zazhi is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Clinical Neurosurgery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Hydrobiology is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Hydrobiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Industrial Minerals & Processing / Huagong Kuangwu yu Jiagong is the property of Industrial Minerals & Processing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mountain Research (10082786) is the property of Mountain Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gelatin is a peptide molecule polymer produced by moderate hydrolysis of collagen, and it has been widely used in food and medicine, among many other fields. In this paper, fish gelatin was modified by tannic acid and transglutaminase (TGase), and their effects on the gelation strength of fish gelatin were discussed. The concentration of gelatin, the oxidized and non-oxidized tannic acid, and the treatment conditions of TGase were optimized respectively to measure the change of gelation strength, and the optimal combination of tannic acid and TGase was obtained. With the addition of 1U • g-1 TGase and 0.2 % (V/ V) of (2 % m/ V) oxidized tannic acid at 6% gelatin concentration, the gel strength of fish gelatin reached 946.2g. Tannie acid and TGase can synergistically enhance the strength of fish gelatin. This study will reduce the amount of gelatin per unit, reduce the use cost of fish gelatin, and expand its application range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the design process of sea-crossing bridges and tunnels, it is necessary to estimate the design flow velocities at different recurrence periods for the project location. However, the lack of on-site long-term flow observation data makes such estimations very difficult. Based on typical storm surge processes with different return periods, a numerical method was proposed for estimating design flow velocities for estuaries and coastal areas, for which the coupling of flood runoff and storm tidal currents was considered for the estuarine areas. According to the measured tide level data from the Macao tide station from 1925 to 2003, the characteristics of historical storm surge processes in the Pearl River estuary were analyzed, and typical storm surge processes of different return periods were obtained based on the results of the analysis of annual extreme frequencies of tidal levels and tidal ranges. Then, a horizontal two-dimensional hvdrodvnamic numerical model was established to simulate the flow field in the Pearl River estuarv under the combined conditions of storm surges with different return periods and general upstream flooding. With such a model, design flow velocities at control points along the Hong Kong-Zhuhai- Macao Bridge were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical wave simulation under hypothetical typhoon conditions has a pivotal role in the risk assessment of cross-sea bridges and tunnels. The wind-field generation and the adverse track selection have a large influence on the wave simulation results. This study verified the rationality of wave simulation under a single hypothetical typhoon wind field and analyzed the effects of different typhoon tracks on the waves in different directions of the project area. A numerical wind-wave model in the Pearl River Estuary was constructed according to intensities based on a 300-yr return period and tested via Monte Carlo simulation, which was applied to 104 typhoon tracks selected by the radius method. The results show that the adverse tracks that significantly impact the wave field at the West Artificial Island are within 100 km of the Pearl River Estuary. Seven adverse typhoon tracks reflecting different characteristics were obtained, which provided a basis for further study of the typhoon wave process in the Pearl River Estuary under extreme weather conditions. This study provides methodological support for the wave parameter analysis of large-scale engineering at coasts and estuaries that are susceptible to typhoons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The artificial island of Hong Kong-Zliuliai-Macao Bridge is located in Lingding Sea area, llie overtopping could endanger the operation of the artificial island and tunnel in storm period. The overtopping rate is important factors in the design of the artificial island. 2-D physical model tests are carried to study the influence of the different structure factors to wave overtopping, such as armour block type, herm width and elevation, armour width in front of the wall. The test results show that the armour width has significant influence on the overtopping, and the test value is obviously smaller than the calculating value of van der Meer formula when the overtopping rale is relative small. After that, a calculation formula of the average overtopping discharge rate are presented for the artificial island of Hong Kong-Zliuliai- Macao Bridge, in which the armour width factor Kv is involved. The calculating results show good a-greement with the experimental data, and can he used in the optimization design and overtopping warning in operation of the artificial island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in Water Science / Shuikexue Jinzhan is the property of Editorial Board of Advances in Water Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Advances in Water Science / Shuikexue Jinzhan is the property of Editorial Board of Advances in Water Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the effects of piogiltazone on the expression of hemooxygenase-1 in aortic atherosclerosis plaque area in rabbits. Methods We randomly divided 36 Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits into 3 groups: control group, high-cholesterol diet group, and high-cholesterol diet with pioglitazone [8mg/(kg·d)] group, with 12 in each. All the animals were fed for 12 weeks and then sacrificed. Rabbit aortic atherosclerosis pathological features were observed by Masson staining; the expression of hemooxygenase-1 in aortic atherosclerosis plaque area in rabbits was detected by immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot techniques. Results Hemooxygenase-1 expression was obvious in the smooth muscle in aortic vessels and atherosclerosis plaques in the three groups of rabbits. The expression of hemooxygenase-1 was lower in high-cholesterol diet with pioglitazone group than in high-cholesterol diet group and significantly higher than in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pioglitazone can slow down the progression of atherosclerosis by up-regulating the expression of hemooxygenase-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation and study the relationship between α-SMA and atrial fibrosis in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods For this study we enrolled 84 consecutive patients with rheumatic heart disease who were to receive cardiac surgery. The patients were divided into AF group (AF, n=39) and sinus rhythm group (SR, n=45). Their clinical data including baseline demographics, routine laboratory test and echocardiographics were collected before surgery. The right atrial tissue (0.3-0.5cm3) was disserted during the surgery. Right atrial fibrosis was observed by Masson staining. The mRNA expression of α-SMA in atrial tissue were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR. Western blot was used to measure the protein expression of α-SMA in atrial tissue. Results The two groups did not significantly differ in sex ratio, age, blood pressure, blood biochemical indicators or other aspects of medical history (P>0.05). However, left and right atrium diameters in AF group were significantly larger than those in SR group (P<0.05). Masson staining suggested that collagen volume fraction and collagen content were significantly higher in AF group than in SR group (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expressions of α-SMA in right atrial tissue were obviously higher in AF group than in SR group (coefficients P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expressions of α-SMA from right atrial tissue in the 84 patients were positively correlated with collagen content (coefficients of 0.587 and 0.607; P=0.029, 0.014, respectively). Conclusion There is significant atrial fibrosis in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation, which is closely related to up-regulated expression of α-SMA gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences) is the property of Xian Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences) is the property of Xian Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To study the features of atrial structure in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation at the human histological level. Methods For this study, we enrolled 84 patients with rheumatic heart disease who were going to receive cardiac surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xijing Hospital, and Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital. The patients were divided into the atrial fibrillation group (AF, n=39) and the sinus rhythm group (SR, n=45). Clinical data including baseline demographics, routine laboratory test results and echocardiographics were available for all patients before the surgery. The right atrial tissue (0.3-0.5mm3) was dissected during the surgery. Right atrial fibrosis was observed by HE staining and Masson staining. mRNAs of type Ⅰ, Ⅲ collagen in atrial tissue were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Results The two groups did not differ significantly in sex ratio, age, blood pressure, blood biochemical indicators or other aspects of medical history between (P>0.05). However, left and right atrium diameters were significantly larger in the AF group than in the SR group (P<0.05). HE and Masson staining results suggested that atrial tissue fibrosis was obvious, and collagen volume fraction was significantly higher in the AF group than in the SR group (45.37±2.33 vs. 12.90±1.02, P<0.05). Expression of type I collagen mRNA was significantly higher in the AF group than in the SR group (2.042±0.177 vs. 0.988±0.099, P<0.05); expression of type Ⅲ collagen mRNA was higher in the AF group than in the SR group, but without significant difference (1.228±0.151 vs. 1.067±0.068, P>0.05). Conclusion There is significant atrial fibrosis in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation; which is closely related to up-regulated expression of type I collagen gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of piogiltazone on the expression of adiponectin in aortic atherosclerosis (AS) plaque area in rabbits and explore the anti-AS mechanism of piogiltazone. Methods Totally 36 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, high-cholesterol diet group, and high-cholesterol diet + pioglitazone group. All animals were fed for 8 weeks and then sacrificed. The aortic atherosclerotic lesion area, intimal thickness and intimal/media thickness ratio were measured by light microscopy. By Masson staining, rabbit aortic AS pathological features were observed; the expression of adiponectin of aortic AS plaque area in rabbits was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results In the high-cholesterol diet + pioglitazone group, aortic AS plaque area ratio, intimal thickness, and intima/media thickness ratio were all significantly higher than those in the control group but smaller than those in the high-cholesterol diet group (all P<0.05). The protein expression of adiponectin was higher than that in the high-cholesterol diet group but lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pioglitazone has an anti-AS effect and can up-regulate the protein expression of adiponectin in AS plague. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]