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Monoclonal antibody drugs that inhibit programmed death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been widely used in esophageal cancer (EC) and yielded significant therapeutic responses. However, only a few patients obtain lasting clinical benefits due to primary or acquired drug resistance, and new treatment schemes are urgently needed. The tumor immune microenvironment is the main factor that affects patients’ response to immunosuppressive agents. This article will discuss the role of immunosuppressive cells and non-cellular components in the immune process to provide ideas for the next research direction of EC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oncology is the property of Chinese Journal of Oncology / Zhonghua Zhongliu Zazhi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore the application value of lung cancer-related gene methylation in lung cancer diagnosis. Methods Sixty patients with lung cancer underwent surgery were selected as the case group., and 65 patients with benign lung lesions treated in the same period were recruited as the control group. The methylation levels of lung cancer-related genes including dying-associated protein kinase (DAPK), 0-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), APC gene promoter IA ( APCIA) and epithelial mucoprotein gene ( ECAD) in the blood samples of two groups of patients were mialyzed by methylated PCR-specific method. The relationship between methylation of lung cancer-related genes and lung cancer was analyzed and its diagnostic value in lung cancer was evaluated. Results The methylation detection rates of DAPK, MGMT, APCIA and ECAD in the case group were 68.3%·, 68.3%·, 63.3%· and 65.0%, respectively, all higher than those of the control group ( all P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that DAPK (OR= 0. 709), MGMT (OR= 0. 793), APCI A ( OR= 0. 163), and ECAD ( OR=2.047) were all independent influencing factors for lung cancer ( all P<0.05). Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that, the area under the curve ( AUC) of DAPK, MGMT, APC I A and ECAD methylation test for lung cancer predicting were 0. 623, 0. 680 ., 0. 620 and 0. 648, respectively, while the AUC of the combined four gene methylation for lung cancer predicting was 0. 829, higher than the AUC of eah gene ( all P< 0. 05). Conclusion The combined methylation detection of multiple lung cancer related genes can improve the diagnostic value of lung cancer., contribute to the early diagnosis of lung cancer, and have potentianlly clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of common malignant tumors, and the incidence and mortality of EC in China rank the first place in the world. Because of the occult onset, the early atypical symptoms, and the lack of effective early diagnostic methods, most of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and lost the chance of surgery. Comprehensive treatment including palliative medical treatment, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy and so on is appropriate for these patients. How to choose the chemotherapy regimen and formulate reasonable treatment plan has become a hot spot in clinical research. Molecular targeted drugs have become a new developmental direction in cancer treatment because of their high specificity and antitumor activity, but the effects on esophageal cancer remain controversial. With the development of immune check point blockade treatment, breakthrough has been made in tumor immunotherapy, which has become an important means in cancer comprehensive treatment and shown a good prospect of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences) is the property of Xian Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences) is the property of Xian Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)