The experiment was to screen excellent alfalfa breeding materials and provide reference for breeding work in North Shanxi Province. The variability, principal component and cluster analysis of nine yield and quality traits of 15 alfalfa varieties were carried out and evaluated comprehensively. The results showed that under the same ecological environment, among the 15 alfalfa varieties, the variability of fresh grass yield was the largest in the yield characters, and the variability of EE was the largest in the quality characters. According to the principal component analysis, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL, EE content, RFV, plant height, hay yield and fresh grass yield were integrated into two principal component factors, which could represent 74.142% of the data information of yield and quality traits, and among the 15 varieties, the highest score was Gannong No. 1, which was 295.85. Fifteen varieties were grouped into three groups by systematic clustering. The first group included Gannong No. 1, Zhongmu No. 3, Adina, German Da Ye, Gannong No. 7, Zhongmu No. 1, 6010, Jinqeng and Ningmu No.1. Although RFV of the first group was the lowest, its yield and score were the highest. The second group include Gannong No. 6, Juanneng No. 2, Empress, Gannong No. 8 and Longdong, all the characters were in the middle level except EE. The third group had only Helios, which had the lowest yield and score, but the highest RFV. The study indicates that the first type of alfalfa is more suitable for planting in agricultural and animal husbandry ecological area of North Shanxi Province, although the yield of Helios is not satisfactory, the quality is good, which can try to improve the yield of alfalfa breeding in the future.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]