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当前社会正处在科技高速发展的时代，无线通信技术的迅猛发展不仅推动了工业、交通、医疗等领域的数字化转型，也在不断升级无线通信网络，试图从有线向无线化迈进。随着计算机技术和无线通信技术的不断演进，许多应用场景要求在无线环境下实现高可靠传输。特别是面向现代工业自动化、自动驾驶等领域，对高可靠传输的需求更为迫切。深入研究了作为当前业界最先进的无线传输技术之一的5G技术，重点关注了5G系统内多路冗余传输技术。综述了该技术在应用背景、技术原理和技术路线方面的关键要点。在应用背景方面，突出了5G冗余传输在现代工业自动化、自动驾驶等无线场景中的实际应用需求。在技术原理方面，有针对性地从业务端到端多路冗余传输对有关研究进行归纳和梳理，重点分析5G多路冗余传输的技术原理，解释了其在提高传输可靠性方面的独特优势。在技术路线方面，综合考虑了5G多路冗余传输技术的发展方向和各种可能的实施路径。最后，指出5G多路冗余传输技术未来发展的困难和挑战，并探讨其未来发展趋势，以更好地理解5G冗余传输技术在无线通信领域的关键作用和前景

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shanghai Land & Resources / Shanghai Guotu Ziyuan is the property of Editorial Board of Shanghai Land & Resources and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Study on Optical Communications / Guangtongxin Yanjiu is the property of Study on Optical Communications Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Centrifugal pumps have been widely used in the national economy and defense industry. Their hydraulic performance can depend mainly on the geometric parameters (such as blade angle, blade wrap angle, impeller outlet width, and blade inlet edge) and operating conditions (such as rotation speed and flow rate). Among them, the fluctuation of the inlet flow velocity over time has posed a great impact on the hydraulic performance of the centrifugal pumps during operation. This study aims to quantify the uncertain perturbation of the inlet flow velocity using the non-intrusive polynomial chaos (NIPC). A systematic investigation was implemented to explore the effect of the perturbation on the hydraulic performance of centrifugal pumps. The results show that the random inflow velocity shared a significant impact on the hydraulic performance of the pump. Specifically, the greater the uncertainty was, the greater the impact was. There was a larger difference between the mean and original pressure distribution, as the uncertainty increased, indicating a more significant impact on the pressure distribution on the blade surface. At the same time, there was a much greater distribution of pressure coefficient on the blade pressure surface under velocity disturbance deviates from the original design, as the flow rate increased. Therefore, the impact of inlet flow velocity disturbance on the blade pressure surface was significantly larger under design and high flow rate than that under the low one. Once the uncertainty was 1% and 5%, the disturbance of inlet flow velocity caused significant vibrations in the pressure and velocity near the blade suction surface, while there was a relatively small impact on the flow field near the blade pressure surface and the impeller outlet. The fluctuation range was large when the uncertainty increased to 10%. The variation of the inlet flow velocity also caused significant fluctuations in the pressure of the impeller outlet, resulting in certain variations in the pump head and efficiency. Meanwhile, there was the asymmetric and non-uniform propagation of the inflow uncertainty in the internal flow field of the impeller. There was also the variation in the impact of inflow velocity disturbance over time on pump performance under different operating conditions. In addition, the disturbance of the inflow velocity under most operating conditions caused to decrease in the pump performance. Particularly, the head and efficiency decreased by 0.4 m and 3%, respectively, when the uncertainty was 5%. There was also a decrease in the head and efficiency of the pump under design conditions, compared with the reference model. But there were relatively small decreased values and the range of variation when the uncertainty was 1%. Furthermore, the head and efficiency of the pump increased at 0.2Qd in the design condition, compared with the reference model. Both absolute values of the mean and standard deviation were larger than before. The quantitative analysis of the uncertain inlet flow velocity can evaluate the robustness of the centrifugal pump under the whole operating conditions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The “Three Musts” is a major thesis made by the Communist Party of China based on the development orientation of the new era and on the basis of full study and judgment of historical laws. It is an innovation of the important assertion of “Two Musts”. It is the political key for the Party to take the initiative to face the complicated international environment and advance towards the Second Centenary Goal. The “Three Musts” has profound theoretical origin and practical basis. The “Three Musts” highlights the mission of the centennial Party. It is the crystallization of the Party’s experience, and shows the “evergreen way” of the Party. As the guide to unify thought, will and action, the “Three Musts” provides unique ideas and effective paths for solving the unique problems of the Party. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Advanced Textile Technology is the property of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Magazines and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Isotopes is the property of Journal of Isotopes Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Research is the property of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cultivated land is one of basic conditions for grain breeding. It is great significant for strictly protecting cultivated land and ensuring national food security to study the spatial-temporal evolution pattern and driving factors of non-agricultural farmland. Based on the land use data of Henan province in the period of 2000-2020, the spatial-temporal evolution and driving factors of non-grain production of cultivated land were analyzed by standard deviation ellipse model, hot spot analysis and geographic detector. The results showed that: (1) During the study period, the area of non-grain production of cultivated land reached 3 007.10 km², accounting for 2.90% of the total area of current cultivated land, and the most in the past 20 years is the period of 2015-2020; The area of non-grain production of cultivated land in Xinyang city reached 754.14 km², accounting for 25.08% of the total non-grain production of cultivated land. (2) The hot spots of non-grain production of cultivated land were concentrated in the western and southern parts of the study area from 2000 to 2020. The gravity center of standard deviation ellipse was mainly distributed in Pingdingshan city, and the gravity centre migrated southward. (3) The non-grain production of cultivated land in Henan province was jointly influenced by agricultural, economic and social factors, and the agricultural factors have a greater influence in the study area, and the interaction between any factor and the others showed two-factor enhancement and non-linear enhancement effects. There was obvious spatial differentiation of non-grain production of cultivated land in Henan province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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针对三维有源光网络路径配置时间长、光路由器插入损耗大和网络硬件开销高等问题，文章设计了自适应路由算法和无阻塞、低损耗光路由器。自适应路由算法利用XYZ确定路由算法进行端口的初次判断，再根据端口阻塞情况进行二次判断，最终选择无阻塞和距离短的端口作为节点输出端口；针对三维通信需求分别设计层内6端口和层间3端口光路由器代替7端口光路由器。实验结果表明，利用自适应路由算法进行路由计算时，路径建立过程延迟小、阻塞低，光路由器所需波导和微环谐振器数量少、插入损耗低，平均插入损耗仅为0.88 dB，光网络硬件开销低。

In order to study the buckling behavior and post‑buckling behavior of stiffened panels with different opening sizes in aircraft structures under compression load, the corresponding test method and test fixture are designed and the compression test of the panels is completed. The buckling/failure loads, instability processes and failure modes of stiffened panels with different opening sizes are obtained. The results show that the buckling mode of the stiffened panel is the opposite deformation of the interbar skin and the outer skin, and the buckling mode changes several times with the increase of load. The compressive failure mode of stiffened panel is based on the buckling deformation with obvious deformation. The finite element simulation for stiffened panels with different opening sizes is carried out. The buckling and failure modes obtained are consistent with the experimental results. The error of buckling/failure load and test results is less than 4%, which verifies the validity of the finite element model. The simulation results show that with the increase of the opening size, the yield load of the stiffened panel decreases slowly at first and then increases rapidly, the failure load of the panel decreases gradually, and finally the structure loses the post‑buckling bearing capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Mass Transit is the property of Urban Mass Transit Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Command Control & Simulation / Zhihui Kongzhi yu Fangzhen is the property of Command Control & Simulation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Application Research of Computers / Jisuanji Yingyong Yanjiu is the property of Application Research of Computers Edition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences is the property of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences is the property of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Architecture & Civil Engineering is the property of Chang'an Daxue Zazhishe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Jilin University (Science Edition) / Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Lixue Ban) is the property of Zhongguo Xue shu qi Kan (Guang Pan Ban) Dian zi Za zhi She and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology / Shuiwendizhi Gongchengdizhi is the property of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)