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Objective To investigate the changes in levels of serum irisin in patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) and its association with various metabolic parameters. Methods Fifty-eight patients with new-onset DM (DM group) and 64 people with normal glucose tolerance (NGT group) were selected. Serum irisin was detected by ELISA and its associations with metabolic parameters 〔 body mass index ( BMI) ，body fat mass，body fatpercentage，fasting plasma glucose (FPG)，2 h post-load plasma glucose (2 h PG)，Hemoglobin Au ，fasting insulin，homeostasis model assessment-β value，insulin resistance index，total cholesterol，triglyceride，high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)，low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and free fatty acids (FFA) ] were analyzed by Spearman bivariate correlation. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between irisin level and DM. Results The serum irisin levels in the DM group and NGT group were 238. 03 (198. 97，279.43) and 286.48 (241. 88 ,355. 19) ng/mL，respectively (P < 0.01). Serum irisin level was negatively correlated with FPG (r = -0 . 246，P < 0.01) ，2 h PG (r = -0 . 184，P < 0 .0 5)，FFA (r = -0 . 199, P <0. 05) and was positively correlated with HDL-C； (r =0. 254,P <0. 01) . Serum irisin level was negatively correlated with DM (OR =0. 994，95% CI:0. 990 -0 . 998，P = 0.005). Conclusion Serum irisin level is significantly decreased in patients with new-onset DM，which is negatively correlated with DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]