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Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics / Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electric Drive is the property of Electric Drive Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal on Communication / Tongxin Xuebao is the property of Journal on Communications Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) emission from photosystem II (PSII) is closely coupled with photochemical reactions. As an efficient and non-destructive means of obtaining plant photosynthesis efficiency and physiological state information, the collection of fluorescence signals is often used in many fields such as plant physiological research, smart agricultural information sensing, etc. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging systems, which is the experimental device for collecting the fluorescence signal, have difficulties in application due to their high price and complex structure. In order to solve the issues, this paper investigates and constructs a low-cost chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system based on a micro complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera and a smartphone, and carries out experimental verifications and applications on it. [Method] The chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system is mainly composed of three parts: excitation light, CMOS camera and its control circuit, and a upper computer based on a smartphone. The light source of the excitation light group is based on the principle and characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence, and uses a blue light source of 460 nm band to achieve the best fluorescence excitation effect. In terms of structure, the principle of integrating sphere was borrowed, the bowl-shaped light source structure was adopted, and the design of the LED surface light source was used to meet the requirements of chlorophyll fluorescence signal measurement for the uniformity of the excitation light field. For the adjustment of light source intensity, the control scheme of pulse width modulation was adopted, which could realize sequential control of different intensities of excitation light. Through the simulation analysis of the light field, the light intensity and distribution characteristics of the light field were stuidied, and the calibration of the excitation light group was completed according to the simulation results. The OV5640 micro CMOS camera was used to collect fluorescence images. Com‐ bined with the imaging principle of the CMOS camera, the fluorescence imaging intensity of the CMOS camera was calculated, and its ability to collect chlorophyll fluorescence was analyzed and discussed. The control circuit of the CMOS camera uses an STM32 microcontroller as the microcontroller unit, and completes the data communication between the synchronous light group control circuit and the smartphone through the RS232 to TTL serial communication module and the full-speed universal serial bus, respectively. The smartphone upper computer software is the operating software of the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system user terminal and the overall control program for fluorescence image acquisition. The overall workflow could be summarized as the user sets the relevant excitation light parameters and camera shooting instructions in the upper computer as needed, sends the instructions to the control circuit through the universal serial bus and serial port, and completes the control of excitation light and CMOS camera image acquisition. After the chlorophyll fluorescence image collection was completed, the data would be sent back to the smart phone or server for analy‐ sis, processing, storage, and display. In order to verify the design of the proposed scheme, a prototype of the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system based on this scheme was made for experimental verification. Firstly, the uniformity of the light field was measured on the excitation light to test the actual performance of the excitation light designed in this article. On this basis, a chlorophyll fluorescence imaging experiment under continuous light excitation and modulated pulse light protocols was completed. Through the analysis and processing of the experimental results and comparison with mainstream chlorophyll fluorometers, the fluorescence imaging capabilities and low-cost advantages of this chlorophyll fluorometer were further verified. [Results and Discussions] The maximum excitation light intensity of the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system designed in this article was 6250 µmol/(m² ·s). Through the simulation analysis of the light field and the calculation and analysis of the fluorescence imaging intensity of the CMOS camera, the feasibility of collecting chlorophyll fluorescence images by the OV5640 micro CMOS cam‐ era was demonstrated, which provided a basis for the specific design and implementation of the fluorometer. In terms of hardware circuits, it made full use of the software and hardware advantages of smartphones, and only consisted of the control circuits of the excitation light and CMOS camera and the corresponding communication modules to complete the fluorescence image collection work, simplifying the circuit structure and reducing hardware costs to the greatest extent. The final fluorescence instrument achieved a collection resolution of 5 million pixels, a spectral range of 400~1000 nm, and a stable acquisition frequency of up to 42 f/s. Experimental results showed that the measured data was consistent with theoretical analysis and simulation, which could meet the requirements of fluorescence detection. The instrument was capable of collecting images of chlorophyll fluorescence under continuous light excitation or the protocol of modulated pulsed light. The acquired chlorophyll fluorescence images could reflect the two-dimensional heterogeneity of leaves and could effectively distinguish the photosynthetic characteristics of different leaves. Typical chlorophyll fluorescence parameter images of Fv/Fm, Rfd, etc. were in line with expectations. Compared with the existing chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system, the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system designed in this article has obvious cost advantages while realizing the rapid detection function of chlorophyll fluorescence. [Conclusions] The instrument is with a simple structure and low cost, and has good application value for the detection of plant physiology and environmental changes. The system is useful for developing other fluorescence instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

N doped TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared by anodic oxidation combined with solution processing, and effects of N-doping on photoelectrochemical performances were studied. Surfaces morphologies and phase structures were characterized by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope, while the content and distribution of N in TiO2 nanotubes were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Chronoamperometry was used for measuring the photoelectrochemical performances under UV light and visible light respectively. Researches on the photoelectrochemical detection to organics were conducted by using TiO2（N） NTAs as photo anode and glucose as model organics. Results show that the photocurrents of all doping samples are increased compared with pristine TiO2 NTAs, in which the UV photocurrent of optimized TiO2（N40） NTAs increases from 180.4 μA to 256.8 μA, the detection sensitivity increases from 0.061 μA/(μmol/L) to 0.134 μA/(μmol/L). The enhancing mechanism of the photoelectrochemical performances are studied by analyzing the optical performances, recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and electrochemical performances. Increase of optical response range and effective separation of photogenerated carriers contribute to the enhancement of N-doping TiO2(N) NTAs’ photoelectrochemical performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant protection spraying has been the main way to prevent crops from pests and diseases at present. However, the average utilization rate of pesticides is only 20% to 30% in manual sprayers and large-capacity rain spraying, particularly with water consumption of 600-1 200 L/hm2 . The current pesticide spraying cannot fully meet the requirement of intensive agriculture in recent years. Among them, a large number of droplets with small particle sizes are susceptible to drifting by ambient wind. In this study, the mesh atomization of droplets was applied to reduce the wind drift for the high utilization rate of pesticides in the process of plant protection spraying. A systematic optimization was also made to investigate the secondary atomization characteristics of the droplets and the deposition effect of the droplets after the spray hits the mesh. The experimental variables were set as the pore size and the distance between the nozzle and the mesh. Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) was used to measure the velocity and particle size distribution of droplets after secondary atomization. A high-speed camera was selected to capture the spray angle. A 0.5 g/L methyl orange aqueous solution was prepared as a spray solution. The water-sensitive and filter tests were carried out to determine the droplet coverage and deposition amount, in order to evaluate the droplet deposition characteristics of the mesh atomization. The test results showed that: 1) the mesh effectively reduced the speed of the droplets. The average velocities of the measurement points were 1.80, 2.02, and 1.67 m/s under the mesh with pore sizes of 461, 350, and 227 μm, respectively. There were 23.40%, 13.90%, and 29.00% lower than those without the mesh (2.35 m/s). 2) The mesh reduced the particle size of the droplets. The maximum average particle sizes of the measurement points were 155.0, 165.6, and 173.3μm under the mesh with the pore size of 461, 350, and 227 μm, respectively, which were 19.5%, 14%, and 10% lower than those without the mesh (192.5 μm). 3) The spray angle of the droplet was varied in the pore size of the mesh and the distance between the nozzle and the mesh. Specifically, the maximum spray angle was 84.179° for the secondary atomized droplets at the pore size of 461 μm and the 10cm distance between the nozzle and the mesh, which was 20.366° larger than that without the mesh. 4) There was a great influence of pore size on the uniformity and penetration of the droplet deposition. The coefficient of variation of the deposition rate was between 33.51% and 88.08% at the sampling point of the mesh with the pore size of 350 and 227 μm, respectively, indicating similar deposition uniformity. By contrast, the maximum coefficient of variation of the deposition rate was 162.98% at the sampling points in each mesh layer with a pore size of 461 μm, indicating relatively less deposition uniformity. The better penetration of droplets was achieved in the mesh with the pore size of 350 μm, where the coefficient of variation of deposition between layers was between 0.8 % and 10.08 %. The better deposition was obtained in the mesh with the pore size of 461 μm in this case, compared with the pore size of 461 and 227 μm. There was no significant effect of the distance between the nozzle and the grid on the droplet coverage and deposition volume. In terms of the grids and large spraying droplets, the average droplet drift in the non-target area was 7.58 % of the deposition in the target area, indicating better performance after optimization. This finding can provide a strong reference to select the spraying and mesh parameters for the combination of plant protection UAV spray and mesh atomization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tobacco Science & Technology is the property of Tobacco Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Pediatric Surgery is the property of Journal of Clinical Pediatric Surgery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Mechanics / Gongcheng Lixue is the property of Engineering Mechanics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Geomechanics is the property of Journal of Geomechanics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the luminance and edge characteristics of the exudates in fundus images, a multi-algorithm fusion method for automatic detection of the exudate is adopted in this paper to solve the problems of low sensitivity of the traditional algorithm and interference of dark lesions such as optic disc and other microangiomas in the detection results. In order to improve the segmentation efficiency and accuracy, this study uses top-hat and boottom-hat to enhance the image contrast of the original image, and then a dual threshold segmentation method combining genetic algorithm and optimal histogram entropy method is proposed to preliminarily segment the image. The experimental results show that the sensitivity and PPV of the algorithm are 83.6% and 93.2% at the pixel level, and the SE, specificity and accuracy are 95.2%, 86.2% and 90.8% respectively at the image level. The results obtained by testing on another independent DIARETDB1 database are 82.4%, 93.3%, 93.6%, 96.2%, 89.9%. Compared with other algorithms, this method can distinguish the exudates from other dark lesions, and the detection time is short, accurate and efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shenzhen University Science & Engineering is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Shenzhen University Science & Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｌｅ ｏｆ ｒａｄｉｏｎｕｃｌｉｄｅ ｈｅｐａｔｏｂｉｌｉａｒｙ ｓｃｉｎｔｉｇｒａｐｈｙ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ， ａｎｄ ｔｏ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ ａ ｔｈｅｏｒｅｔｉｃａｌ ｂａｓｉｓ ｆｏｒ ｐｒｅｏｐｅｒａｔｉｖｅ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｕｎｄｅｒｇｏｉｎｇ ｌａｐａｒｏｓｃｏｐｉｃ － ｈａｒｄ ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｉｃ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ － ｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ ｃｈｏｌｅｃｙｓｔｏｌｉｔｈｏｔｏｍｙ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ　Ａ ｔｏｔａｌ ｏｆ ４７ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｇａｌｌｓｔｏｎｅｓ ｗｈｏ ｗｅｒｅ ａｄｍｉｔｔｅｄ ｔｏ Ｔｈｅ Ｓｅｃｏｎｄ Ａｆｆｉｌｉａｔｅｄ Ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌ ｏｆ Ａｉｒ Ｆｏｒｃｅ Ｍｅｄｉｃａｌ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ｆｒｏｍ Ｊｕｎｅ ｔｏ Ｄｅｃｅｍｂｅｒ，２０１６，ａｎｄ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ９９ｍＴｃ － ＥＨＩＤＡ ｈｅｐａｔｏｂｉｌｉａｒｙ ｉｍａｇｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｅｎｒｏｌｌｅｄ． Ｔｈｅ ｒａｄｉｏａｃｔｉｖｅ ｃｏｕｎｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｗａｓ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ ａｆｔｅｒ ｆａｔ ｍｅａｌ ａｎｄ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅｄ． Ａ ｃｏｍｐａｒａｔｉｖｅ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｗａｓ ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｂａｓｅｄ ｏｎ ｉｎｔｒａｏｐｅｒａｔｉｖｅ ｅｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ － ｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ ｏｕｔｃｏｍｅ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ　Ａ ｔｏｔａｌ ｏｆ ２６ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＥＨＩＤＡ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｔｅｓｔ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ａ ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ － ｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ ｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ａｎｄ ｓｏｍｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅｍ ｈａｄ ｎｏ ｒｅｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｓｔｏｎｅｓ ａｆｔｅｒ ２４ ｍｏｎｔｈｓ ｏｆ ｆｏｌｌｏｗ － ｕｐ． Ａｍｏｎｇ ｔｈｅ １２ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｉｍｐａｉｒｅｄ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｓｈｏｗｎ ｂｙ ＥＨＩＤＡ，１ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｃｈｏｌｅｃｙｓｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ ｄｕｅ ｔｏ ｒｏｕｇｈｎｅｓｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｗａｌｌ ａｎｄ ｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ａ ｌａｒｇｅ ａｍｏｕｎｔ ｏｆ ｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｏｌ ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ，ａｎｄ １１ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ － ｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ ｃｈｏｌｅｃｙｓｔｏｌｉｔｈｏｔｏｍｙ． Ａｍｏｎｇ ｔｈｅ ９ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ｔｈｅ ｉｍａｇｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ，１ ｗａｓ ｆｏｕｎｄ ｔｏ ｈａｖｅ ｓｔｏｎｅｓ ｗｉｔｈ ａ ｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒ ｏｆ ２ ｃｍ ｅｍｂｅｄｄｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｎｅｃｋ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｂｙ ｉｎｔｒａｏｐｅｒａｔｉｖｅ ｅｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ － ｐｒｅｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ ｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ａｎｄ ｎｏ ｒｅｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｓｔｏｎｅｓ ｗａｓ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ａｆｔｅｒ ２４ ｍｏｎｔｈｓ ｏｆ ｆｏｌｌｏｗ － ｕｐ；ｔｈｅ ｒｅｍａｉｎｉｎｇ ８ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｃｈｏｌｅｃｙｓｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ　９９ｍＴｃ － ＥＨＩＤＡ ｈｅｐａｔｏｂｉｌｉａｒｙ ｓｃｉｎｔｉｇｒａｐｈｙ ｈａｓ ａ ｃｅｒｔａｉｎ ｖａｌｕｅ ｉｎ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｎｇ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ，ｂｕｔ ｉｔ ｃａｎｎｏｔ ｂｅ ｕｓｅｄ ａｓ ｔｈｅ ｏｎｌｙ ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌ ａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ． Ｌａｐａｒｏｓｃｏｐｉｃ － ｈａｒｄ ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｉｃ ｉｎｔｒａｏｐｅｒａｔｉｖｅ ｅｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎ ｉｓ ａ ｓｔｒｏｎｇ ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｇａｌｌｂｌａｄｄｅｒ － ｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ ｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ａｎｄ ｆｏｒｍａｌ ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ ｓｔａｎｄａｒｄｓ ｃａｎ ｂｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Geoscientica Sinica is the property of Acta Geoscientica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Clinical demand of fresh liquid platelets cannot be guaranteed because of the rapid increase of the need of platelets, especially for the specific blood types, emergency patients and remote areas. OBJECTIVE: To explore the optimal temperature and storage time span for deep cryopreservation of platelets in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide as well as the optimal usage time after melting of the frozen platelets. METHODS: Sixteen platelet samples filtered by the machine were randomly selected. Indexes as blood platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, CD42b, CD62p were separately tested before and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after cryopreservation at three different temperatures of -18, -40, and -80 oC as well as immediately, 1, 2, 4 hours after melting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Significant changes were found in the expression of CD62p in the platelets at 6 and 12 months after cryopreservation at -80 oC and the expression of CD42b in the platelets at 6 months after cryopreservation at -80 oC (P < 0.05). The expression of CD42b and CD62p showed a significant difference in the platelets stored at -80 oC and at -18 and -40 oC for 6 months (P < 0.05). For the platelets stored at -80 oC for 6 months, the expression of CD42b and CD62p in the platelets at 4 hours after melting was significantly different from that immediately after melting (P < 0.05). These findings reveal that the lower temperature indicates the better cryopreservation of platelets using 5% dimethyl sulfoxide. The recommended storage conditions are -80 oC for 6 months; and the optimal usage time after melting is within 2 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China / Zhongguo Yiyuan Yongyao Pingjia yu Fenxi is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective： To investigate the effect of vitamin C on the expression of HSP70 mRNA in the liver of mice fed with high-fat diet and the effect of vitamin C on the expression of Hsp70 mRNA in response to stress. The effects of vitamin C on the physiological stress response effect. Methods： Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups： normal feeding group（group A）, high fat feeding group（group B）, high fat diet plus vitamin C（group C）, liver histomorphology, And the expression of Hsp70mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results： The body weight and liver index of mice were significantly increased in high-fat fed group, up from 4.42% to 8.76%, while the addition of vitamin C could significantly attenuate this effect. The relative expression of Hsp70mRNA in the liver of high fat fed mice was about three times that of normal mice, butthis ratio could be reduced to 2 times when add Vitamin C in diet, and there was significant difference between any of the two groups（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：Vitamin C can effectively reduce the expression of HSP70mRNA in the liver of mice fed with high-fat diet, and reduce the stress injury caused by by high fat diet. It suggests that vitamin C can alleviate the damage of liver and the stress response,but its mechanism remains to be further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

中枢神经系统内的去甲肾上腺素是一种重要的神经递质。主要来源于蓝斑核团并投射至几乎整个大脑皮层,因此接受去甲肾上腺素调控的脑区十分广泛。在大脑皮层,神经元、星形胶质细胞以及小胶质细胞可以表达多种不同亚型的肾上腺素能受体,去甲肾上腺素可通过与上述靶细胞表达的不同受体结合,以此发挥其在中枢神经系统内的多重递质效应,包括调控细胞能量代谢、谷氨酸转运、神经炎症反应以及调节神经核团功能状态等。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect and degree of safety in aged patients with primary carcinoma of the liver undergoing radical resection. Methods: The clinical records of 63 patients (older group≥ 70years) and 98 patients (younger group<70 years) with PLC undergoing resection surgery analyzed retrospectively, and the follow-up of these patients was performed, we investigated and discussed the postoperative complications and?the clinical features or prognoses of these people. Results: The post-operative complications (POC) occurred in 23 of older group(36.5%) versus 31 in younger group(31.6%)(P>0.05), POC occurred in older group of 7 (11.1%) cases of liver failure. 2 (3.17%) cases of postoperative bleeding, 3 (4.8%) cases incision infection. 3(4.8%) cases of pleural effusion. 1 (1.5%) cases of sub-phrenic infection, 1 (1,5%)case with severe pulmonary infection. Only one patient died to the acute pulmonary embolism. The histopathology diagnosis showed there were nodes and giant mass type in aged patients, and Edmondson I-II in 33 patients, in-IV in 18. cholangiocarcinoma in 8. Mixed cellularity in 4. The cases of BCLC 0. A, B, C phase respectively has 2, 9. 35. 17. The survival rate of older group verses younger group was 82.5%vs85.7%. 34.9%vs46.3%/15.9%vs36.8% at 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. Conclusion: Advanced age has no obvious effect on the occurrence of POC after hepatectomy and is not a contraindication to radical hepatic resection in patients over 70 years old suffering from early primary liver carcinoma, however, older group patients has lower survival rate than younger group patients in 2 and 3 year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China / Zhongguo Yiyuan Yongyao Pingjia yu Fenxi is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ｉｎ ｒｅｃｅｎｔ ｙｅａｒｓ，ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｉｎ - ｄｅｐｔｈ ｂａｓｉｃ ａｎｄ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ｏｎ ｈｅｐａｔｏｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ （ＨＣＣ），ｔｈｅ ｈｅｔｅｒｏｇｅｎｅｉｔｙ，ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ，ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒ ｓｕｂｔｙｐｉｎｇ，ａｎｄ ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌｉｚｅｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＨＣＣ ｈａｖｅ ｇｒａｄｕａｌｌｙ ｂｅｃｏｍｅ ｔｈｅ ｂａｓｉｃ ｇｕｉｄｉｎｇ ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＨＣＣ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｏｄｅｒｎ ｅｒａ. Ｍｕｌｔｉｎｏｄｕｌａｒ ＨＣＣ ｉｓ ａ ｆｏｒｍ ｏｆ ｇｒｏｓｓ ｓｐｅｃｉｍｅｎｓ ｏｆ ＨＣＣ，ａｎｄ ｎｅｗ ａｃｈｉｅｖｅｍｅｎｔｓ ｈａｖｅ ｂｅｅｎ ｍａｄｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒ ｏｒｉｇｉｎ ａｎｄ ｇｕｉｄｅｌｉｎｅｓ ｆｏｒ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｔｙｐｉｎｇ ｏｆ ＨＣＣ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｇｕｉｄｅ ｔｈｅ ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＨＣＣ. Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｎｅｗ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｖｅｒｓｉｅｓ ｈａｖｅ ａｌｓｏ ａｐｐｅａｒｅｄ. Ｔｈｉｓ ａｒｔｉｃｌｅ ｒｅｖｉｅｗｓ ｔｈｅ ａｄｖａｎｃｅｓ ｉｎ ｂａｓｉｃ ａｎｄ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ｏｎ ｍｕｌｔｉｎｏｄｕｌａｒ ＨＣＣ，ｈｏｐｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ ａ ｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｆｏｒ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＨＣＣ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｅ ｔｏ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ＇ｓｕｒｖｉｖａｌ ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China / Zhongguo Yiyuan Yongyao Pingjia yu Fenxi is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China / Zhongguo Yiyuan Yongyao Pingjia yu Fenxi is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)