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目的 探讨烟雾病患者CT灌注和DSA侧支代偿之间的相关性以及影响其大脑半球灌注的危险因素。 方法 研究纳入115例成年烟雾病患者，共230个大脑半球，收集其DSA和CT灌注数据。ASPECTS分区用于划分大脑区域，对达峰时间（time to peak，TTP）、平均通过时间（mean transit time，MTT）、脑血流量（cerebral blood flow，CBF）和脑血容量（cerebral blood volume，CBV）这4项灌注血流动力学指标进行评分，并对DSA显示的脑血管侧支代偿进行评分。对4项CT灌注血流动力学指标和DSA侧支代偿评分进行Spearman相关分析和多元线性回归分析。 结果 在115例烟雾病患者中，MTT评分（r=0.41，P

Exercise training is effective to improve the quality of life and physical function of patients with chronic heart failure. This paper reviewed the studies on exercise training in rehabilitation of patients with chronic heart failure, in order to provide reference for rehabilitation of patients with chronic heart failure. (运动训练(ET)有助于改善老年慢性心力衰竭患者的生活质量、躯体功能。本研究就国内外慢性心衰患者运动康复研究进展进行综述, 以期为临床制订相关运动护理康复方案提供参考。)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Our previous studies found that the polypeptide of Cornus cervi Colla can promote bone growth, which has a good application prospect in the treatment of bone diseases. However, how Cornus cervi Colla works in the body and the principle are not clear. OBJECTIVE: To study the in vivo distribution and tracing of Cornus cervi Colla using fluorescence labeling and tracer technique. METHODS: Cornus cervi Colla was fluorescently labeled using fluorescein isothiocyanate, and the labeling results were detected by fluorescence imaging and UV spectral scanning. Successfully labeled Cornus cervi Colla was injected into mice by gavage, and the absorption of Cornus cervi Colla into blood was detected by laser confocal microscopy, and the distribution of Cornus cervi Colla in mice was detected by small animal in vivo imager. The distribution of Cornus cervi Colla in the mice was detected by laser confocal microscopy. Samples were taken from serum and bone at the time of the strongest fluorescence, and gel electrophoresis was carried out on serum and bone tissue protein solutions, and the components of Cornus cervi Colla absorbed into target organs were determined by secondary mass spectrometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The fluorescent markers were successfully separated by dextran gel chromatography, and the fluorescence imaging and ultraviolet spectrum scanning proved that the labeling was successful, and the fluorescence substitution degree of FITC-labeled Cornus cervi Colla was 0.953%. The fluorescence intensity of the components of Cornus cervi Colla in the blood showed that Cornus cervi Colla was most distributed in serum after oral administration for 2 hours. The fluorescence images of mice at different times were the same as those of bilateral femur and tibia, indicating that Cornus cervi Colla could play a role by entering the bone. Compared with UniProt database, secondary mass spectrometry showed that the peptide was a characteristic fragment of decorin. It is proved that decorin in Cornus cervi Colla can enter the bone to play a therapeutic role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

本研究旨在探討讀者劇場對技術型高中餐飲科學生英語學習動機及學習成就之影響，並透過實驗組與控制組之比較，來檢視其差異。研究對象為臺北市某技術型高中餐飲科二年級學生共72 人，採用準實驗研究設計，隨機分派成實驗組與控制組，兩組課程內容均 以餐旅英文與會話課程之飲料服務與用餐服務兩單元為主題進行設計。實驗組採用讀者劇場方式進行教學，控制組則維持傳統教學模式。教學實驗歷經八週共十六節課，於教學前後施予測驗，再以單因子共變異分析探討英語學習動機及學習成就的差異，並佐以 小組討論紀錄與回饋評量。結果顯示實驗組學生在英語學習動機及學習成就上的表現優於控制組學生。實施讀者劇場讓學生透過小組練習和團隊合作，以學生為中心的教與學模式，提供學習者能有更多嘗試機會與一個練習舞台，不僅可有效增進學生的學習興趣、 降低口說焦慮並培養人際互動的社會能力，也能顯著提升學生的學習成就。 This study examined the influence of Readers Theatre strategies integrated into a hospitality English and conversation class on the English learning motivation and learning performance of vocational high school students. Using a quasi-experimental design, this study involved 72 fourteen-graders who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The former adopted Readers theatre teaching, a performance strategy of a play or a show, while the latter followed traditional teaching methods. Before and after the experiment, all participants filled out the English Learning Motivation and Achievement Test. Through data collected from the students’ responses and records, the results of one-way ANCOVA indicated that the experimental group outperformed the control group for the dependent variables. The advantages of Readers theatre over traditional models are that it utilizes a student-centered teaching and learning model. It includes more group practice and teamwork and allows students to try and exercise, and in this study it showed positive effects on the students’ English learning motivation and learning performance. Finally, several recommendations and suggestions were provided for further implementation as well as for forthcoming studies.

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nanchang University (Natural Science) is the property of Journal of Nanchang University (Natural Science) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Roughage plays an important role in maintaining ruminant health and improving performance. Roughage is fermented and degraded by microorganisms in the rumen into substances that can be absorbed and utilized, which can maintain the normal life activities of the body. Rumen health can be maintained by stimulating rumination, saliva secretion, and rumen development in animals. Inadequate roughage intake can lead to gastrointestinal damage, nutrient deficiencies, reduced performance, and behavioral abnormalities in ruminants. The differences in tissue structure and nutrient composition of different roughages will affect the nutrient digestion, nitrogen utilization and metabolism of ruminants. Therefore, different roughage sources in the diet are key factors affecting rumen function and performance. In this paper, the quality of roughage from different sources and its effects on ruminant microorganisms, body metabolism, and production performance were reviewed, and the mechanism of action was elaborated, so as to provide a reference for the rational utilization of roughage in ruminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The river chief governance system is a complex system project, and exploring the governance mechanisms of this system is an important part of developing water resource governance theory with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, from the perspective of system theory and based on social-ecological system theory, we constructed a systematic analysis framework for the governance of the river chief system, and utilized this analysis framework with the data related to water resources and the river chief system of 52 prefecturallevel cities and provinces in four provinces, namely, Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian, and Yunnan provinces, from 2011 to 2020, to empirically analyze the effects of policy instruments and hydro-engineering on the effectiveness of water resources governance. The study found that: ① The river chief system did have a certain system governance effect, and its system governance effect was realized with the help of policy instruments and two types of hydro-engineering governance tools ('soft' and 'hard'), through indirectly changing the behavior of water resource users to take, use, or discharge water, or directly changing the state of the water resource system. ② The sum of the policy instruments would lead to water conservation behaviors by all water users, the regulatory policy instruments would lead to farmers' choice of conservation irrigation behavior, and the hybrid policy instruments would lead to enterprises' choice of pollutant discharge behavior related to industrial structure upgrading. ③ The hybrid policy instruments would increase the scale of hydro-engineering construction. ④ Voluntary policy instruments could only be effective through participatory governance if there were fewer external pressures on the water system. ⑤ The scale of hydro-engineering construction showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with the effectiveness of system governance, and only when the scale of hydro-engineering construction was in the moderate range would hydro-engineering have the role of enhancing the effectiveness of system governance. With the improvement of hydraulic technology, the vertex of this inverted U-shaped curve would be lowered, and the moderate construction scale of hydro-engineering would also be decreased. Through the method of diagnosing the complex regional river chief governance system, this study believes that the river chief system can be optimized in terms of such aspects as adjusting the utilization ratio of voluntary policy instruments, understanding the behavioral patterns of resource users anywhere in taking, using, or discharging water, supporting the development of hydro-engineering technologies, and scientifically controlling the construction scale of hydro-engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunications Science is the property of Beijing Xintong Media Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Practical Electrocardiology is the property of Journal of Practical Electrocardiology Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Given that Chinese society is currently undergoing a comprehensive transitional phase characterized by intensifying stratification and conflicting interests among social classes, which has led to the increase of self-initiated events aimed at interest maintenance. The ensuing collective behaviors consequently pose considerable challenges to maintaining social order and stability in China. With the aim of adequately mitigating and forestalling potentially deleterious collective behavior. It is of great significance to study the evolutionary logic of collective behaviors under different circumstances, and thus provide a scientific reference for effectively controlling and preventing the malignant events of collective behaviors. The evolution of collective behaviors is a complex public-administration problem with nonlinear characteristics. Domestic scholars have put forward a series of explanatory frameworks for grassroots populace involvement in collective behaviors by integrating western theories with Chinese context.However, traditional methodologies of social science research can hardly understand the emergence characteristics and the overall structure of collective behaviors from the perspective of microcosmic units, and it is difficult to accurately analyze the specific social mechanism. Based on the existing theories and research of collective behaviors,and leveraging computational sociological thinking and approaches in an innovative manner,we firstly constructed a comprehensive interpretation framework generalizing the evolution of collective behavior into different dimensions of the rational-irrational and independent-influenced ones, and reconstructs the evolutionary logic of collective behaviors in theory combining with the discussion of information receiving and processing mechanism. Four kinds of the information diffusion mechanisms including the global-complete, local-complete, global-incomplete and local-incomplete evolutions were then formed. The complex network theory and information diffusion models in the field of social computing were further introduced, and the process of the evolved behaviors with the modeling and mathematical expression was built, and then a strong operational overall framework for systematically analyzing collective behaviors was formed. Secondly, under the guidance of the overall framework, the analysis framework and evolution models under different dimensions and diffusion mechanisms were constructed, and their specific process was also analyzed mathematically. The result shows that significant social influence and time limitation were identified as environmental constraints that prevent such self-correction and lead to unpredictability and path dependence of the system. In structured crowds, sparse networks facilitate the dissipation of collective behavior, while scale-free networks enhance the self-reinforcement of social influence. Based on the simulation of computer-generated parameters and the investigation data of migrant workers, the mechanisms of both generalization and specialization of collective behaviors were discussed. The scale-free network structure and formal network structure of migrant workers manifest similar characteristics in collective behavior evolution. Migrant workers at critical positions in the formal network have major impacts on the initiation of collective behavior.The research provides targeted perspectives for government agencies to develop contingency plans for collective behaviors as well as construct a modernized governance system led by the government with multi-stakeholder participation from enterprises, social organizations and citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering / Cailiao Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Materials Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To understand the influencing factors of stigma in patients with premature ejaculation, and construct its nomogram risk prediction model. Methods Using convenience sampling method, 212 patients with premature ejaculation in a class A tertiary hospital in Taiyuan were investigated by general situation questionnaire and social impact scale. The data were analyzed by single factor and multi-factor Logistic regression with SPSS 26. 0 statistical software, and the risk prediction model of nomogram was constructed with R software. Results The incidence of stigma in the patients with premature ejaculation was 67%. Education, economic burden of diseases, complicated diseases, knowledge of diseases, partner s satisfactory sexual life and sexual health knowledge were the influencing factors of stigma of premature ejaculation patients. The area under ROC curve of nomogram to predict the risk of stigma in premature ejaculation patients was 0. 860 (95% CI: 0. 813 ~0. 952), and the consistency of the calibration curve and the goodness of fit of Hosmer-Lemeshow were all good (丸$ = 2. 704, P 二 0. 259); The analysis of decision curve (DC A) showed that the model had a high level of net income and better clinical practical value. Conclusion Stigma frequently occurs in premature ejaculation patients which is influenced by many factors. The established nomogram risk prediction model has good discrimination, calibration and clinical practical value, which can provide reference for clinical medical staff to evaluate and screen high-risk patients with stigma and take targeted intervention measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of National University of Defense Technology / Guofang Keji Daxue Xuebao is the property of NUDT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Prataculturae Sinica is the property of Acta Prataculturae Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Andrology is the property of Chinese Journal of Andrology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Social Sciences) is the property of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Social Sciences) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Refrigeration is the property of Journal of Refrigeration Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Feed Research is the property of Editorial Board of Feed Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To analyze the quantitative constitutive relationship between the median-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of halobenzoquinones (HBQs) to the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and structural parameters, and to explore the structural parameters that may affect the cytotoxicity of HBQs. Methods: The HepG2 cells were cultured in vitro and cultured with different contentrations of HBQs solutions, at the same time, blank control group [10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) +DMEM culture medium] and negative control group [ (10% FBS+DMEM culture medium +1. 33% methanol (MeOH) ] were set up. The action concentrations of HBQs were comfirmed with MTS and neural red uptake (NRU) methods, respectively. The survival rates of cells in various groups were detected by MTS and NRU methods, and the IC50 of HBQs was calculated. The quantum chemical calculation module MOPAC was used to calculate the structural parameters of every kind of HBQs. Single-factor linear regression analysis was used to construct the quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) models based on the IC50 and structural parameters of the HBQs. Results: The MTS method determination results showed that the action concentrations of 2, 6-dichloro-1, 4-benzoquinone (2, 6-DCBQ) were 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, and 250 μmol·L-1, the action concentrations of 2, 6-dichloro-3-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone (DCMBQ) were 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, and 325 μmol·L-1, the action concentrations of 2, 3, 6- trichlorocyclohexa-1, 4- benzoquinone (TCBQ) were 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, and 325 μmol·L-1, the action concentrations of 2, 5-dibromo-1, 4-benzoquinone (2, 5-DBBQ) were 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 μmol·L-1, and the action concentrations of 2, 6-dibromo-1, 4-benzoquinone (2, 6-DBBQ) were 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325 μmol·L-1 . The NRU method determination results showed that the action concentrations of 2, 6-DCBQ were 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 μmol·L-1, the action concentrations of DCMBQ were 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, and 250 μmol·L-1, the action concentrations of TCBQ were 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, and 300 μmol·L-1, the action concentrations of 2, 5-DBBQ were 75, 100, 125, 150, and 175 μmol·L-1, the action concentrations of 2, 6-DBBQ were 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, and 250 μmol·L-1 . The survival rates of HepG2 cells in various groups were significantly decreased with the increase of HBQs concentration, showing a dose-response relationship. The cytotoxic effects of HBQs on the HepG2 cells detected by MTS method were 2, 6-DCBQ>2, 5-DBBQ>DCMBQ>TCBQ>2, 6-DBBQ; and the cytotoxic effects of HBQs on HepG2 cells detected by NRU method were 2, 6-DCBQ>2, 5-DBBQ> DCMBQ>2, 6-DBBQ>TCBQ. The single-factor multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the correlation analysis between IC50 and structural parameters of the HBQs detected by MTS and NRU methods had no statistically significant differences (P>0. 05). Conclusion: The substitution position, type and number of halogen atoms can affect the toxic effects of HBQs, and there is a trend that the more halogen substitution, the less toxic it is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)