Objective: To investigate the effects of adaptive biofeedback training (ABF) on anorectal dynamics, gastrointestinal hormone levels and negative emotions in patients with outlet obstructive constipation (OOC). Methods: 104 OOC patients admitted to Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2021 to December 2022 were selected as research objects, and were divided into observation group and control group with 52 cases in each group according to random number table method. The control group was treated with fixed biofeedback training (FBF), and the observation group was treated with ABF. The clinical efficacy, constipation symptom score, anorectal kinetic indexes (rectal anal pressure gradient, rectal initial sensory threshold, rectal defecation sensory threshold), gastrointestinal hormones [Substance P (SP), motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS)] levels and negative emotions [Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)] before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the scores of constipation symptoms and total scores of the two groups were lower than before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of observation group was 96.15% higher than that 82.69% of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the rectal anal pressure gradient in two groups was higher than before treatment, and the observation group was higher than the control group; the rectal initial sensory threshold and rectal defecation sensory threshold in two groups was lower than before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum SP, MTL and GAS levels of the two groups were higher than before treatment, and the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the HAMA and HAMD scores of the two groups were lower than before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: ABF can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, anal motility, gastrointestinal hormone levels, and negative emotions of OOC patients, improve clinical efficacy, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]