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随着数据业务的爆炸式增长,如何在光网络中有效地利用宝贵的带宽资源已经成为研究人员所关注的焦点。基于时间分配带宽业务（SBS）是自动交换光网络（ASON）中的一种新型业务,可以被认为是传统的按需分配带宽（Bandwidth on De-mand,BoD）业务的一种具体实现,SBS的出现既可以有效地为运营商节省宝贵的带宽资源,又可以降低用户的成本开销。文章从管理模型、实现方法以及社会价值等几个方面对SBS进行了详细的描述。

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The purpose of this research is to microencapsulate the ARA oil by spray-drying using different wall materials. A systematic investigation was implemented to characterize the effects of microcapsules on the structure, physical and chemical properties, and stability. The ARA microcapsules were used as the core material, where Whey protein (W), Whey ProteinGlucose (WG), and Whey Protein-Glucose Syrup-Lactose (WGL) were used as the wall materials. An analysis was made on the encapsulation efficiency, water content, solubility, bulk density, angle of repose, particle size distribution, micromorphology, oxidation stability, and thermal stability of the microcapsules. The properties of the microcapsules were compared from different wall materials. The results showed that the higher encapsulation efficiency of WGL was 98.64%, indicating a significant difference between W and WG (P＜0.05). The encapsulation efficiency was increased and the embedding effect of microcapsules was good. The WGL was measured to observe a water content of 2.85% and a bulk density of 0.54 g/mL. There was no significant difference among the three kinds of ARA oil microcapsules. Microcapsule powders that are obtained in this research study were very stabile and compressible.The solubility of WGL was higher and the angle of repose of WGL was lower, which were significant differences between W and WG (P＜0.05). The solubility of WGL reached 89.83%, it was increased and the quality of microcapsules was good. The angle of repose of WGL was 35.87°, which angles of repose of WGL were 7.36° and 4.38° lower than those of W and WG. As such, the smaller the angle of repose of the WGL was, the smaller the frictional force, and the better the fluidity was, the larger particle size was, indicating the normal distribution and a narrow region. The physicochemical properties of WGL were superior to W and WG, which was beneficial to the storage stability of microcapsules. The microcapsule product shared the spherical microstructure, free-cracks, free-pores, dense structure, fullness, and complete particle morphology, which basically achieved the intended purpose of embedding. The iodine titration was used to determine the peroxide values of W, WG, and WGL. Specifically, the peroxide values of WGL increased from 2.42 to 19.92 and 32.75 mmol/kg at 25 ℃ and 50 ℃, respectively. The peroxide values of WGL were significantly lower than those of W and WG (P＜0.05), indicating that WGL with higher oxidative stability. The accelerated storage test of the ARA oil after embedding showed that the WGL improved the oxidative stability of ARA oil. The wall material of WGL was better than those of W and WG for embedding ARA oil, which hindered the influence of external conditions on ARA oil and isolated oxygen, thus slowing down the oxidation rate. The reason was the dense and void-free structure of the WGL. Therefore, the oxidative deterioration of ARA oil microcapsules was effectively delayed during storage and prolonged the shelf life. The maximum melting temperature and mass retention rate of WGL were 107 ℃ and 27.55 %, respectively, according to the differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravity analysis. The WGL shared better thermal stability than W and WG. Therefore, there were higher temperatures and energy required for the phase transition of the WGL, indicating better thermal stability. The WGL can be expected to store the stability of microcapsules at room temperature. In conclusion, the properties of WGL are better than those of W and WG, indicating a better embedding and protective effect on ARA microcapsules. The finding can also provide a strong reference for the selection of the appropriate wall materials to encapsulate ARA microcapsules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the feasibility of solid-state fermentation of low-grade tobacco leaves with Eurotium cristatum, E.cristatum was isolated from Fuzhuan tea and inoculated into low-grade tobacco leaves for solid-state fermentation.Simultaneous distillation extraction and GC/MS were used to detect the changes in the main aroma components of tobacco leaves at 1, 3, 5, 7 days during solid-state fermentation.Sensory evaluation was conducted to investigate the impact of solid-state fermentation time on tobacco quality.The candidate strain GT-1 was successfully isolated from Fuzhuan tea, and confirmed as E.cristatum by morphological and molecular identification.The results showed that the sensory quality of tobacco leaves was the best after fermentation for 5 days, and the aroma amount, concentration and aftertaste were significantly improved compared with untreated tobacco leaves.A total of 33 main aroma components were detected, including 16 carotenoid degradation products, 9 aromatic amino acid conversion products, 1 chlorophyll degradation product, 1 of cembranoid degradation products, and 6 Maillard reaction products.With the extension of solid-state fermentation time, the total amount of main aroma components in tobacco leaves shows a trend of increasing and then decreasing.The total amount of aroma components reaches its highest point at 402.03 μg/g on the 5th day.Compared to the CK, the content of aroma components increased by 22.54%.Among them, the content of aroma substances such as 4, 7, 9-macrostigmen-3-one, geranylacetone, dihydrokiwifruit lactone, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, and 2-acetylpyrrole were significantly increased, which greatly enriching the sweet, tobacco, fruit, flower aromas of the smoke.Solid-state fermentation with E.cristatum GT-1 can increase the content and variety of aromatic substances in tobacco leaves, and thus effectively improve the quality of low-grade tobacco leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The physical and chemical repair technology of acid mining wastewater AMD commonly used at home and abroad has many shortcomings. The microbial method led by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) has the advantages of low cost, good effect and environmental friendliness, and has become a research hotspot. The article briefly introduces the formation and harm of AMD, compares the advantages and dis- advantages of commonly used AMD treatment technologies, and focuses on the research progress of using SRB to treat AMD. This article summarizes the mechanism, influencing factors, and methods and current status of SRB fixation for AMD treatment, and summarizes and prospects the future research trends of SRB treatment for AMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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By constructing the XGBoost model, this paper takes the output of planting, fishery, animal husbandry and forestry in Zhongshan over the years as the independent variable and the total output of agricultural economy as the dependent variable for regression analysis. The research shows that the average growth rate of planting industry output value over the years is 3. 45%, the average growth rate of forestry output value is 2. 16%, the average growth rate of animal husbandry output value is 0. 46%, and the average growth rate of fishery output value is 9. 69%. The model fitting curve shows that all agricultural industries have promoted the positive growth of Zhongshan's total agricultural economy. From the analysis of the characteristic correlation parameters of the XGBoost model, it is concluded that the fishery industry has the largest contribution to the total agricultural output value of Zhongshan City, accounting for about 59. 8%, the planting industry accounts for about 35. 5%, the animal husbandry industry accounts for 4. 2%, and the forestry industry accounts for 0. 5%. It shows that fishery and planting industry are the pillar industries of agricultural economy in Zhongshan City. Through comparative analysis with other models, the evaluation indicators proposed in this paper are 0. 715 5, 0. 999 9, 6. 499 1×10-6 through root mean square error, R², and mean Poisson deviation regression Loss, respectively. This method is superior to other models, which verifies that the proposed XGBoost model has high fitting accuracy and robustness for the fitting and feature correlation analysis of the output value data of various industries in Zhongshan over the years. This method can provide a good regression fitting analysis model for the agricultural industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "Practical Chemistry Laboratory" course is carried out using the platform of National Demonstration Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, and is a general education course of chemistry laboratory for all undergraduates. The experimental projects of the course are interesting, moderately difficult and close to life. The experimental reports are not limited to a specific form. It can reflect students' creativity, and diversify electronic reports. Labor education runs through the entire teaching process to cultivate students' labor quality. This course is deeply loved by students, awarded as the outstanding school-level project, making general education achieve a high level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Yangzheng Touxie Qudu compound traditional Chinese medicine on the immune microenvironment in patients after triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) surgery, and to probe into the therapeutic regimen for the patients after TNBC surgery. METHODS: This study was a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT), a total of 90 patients underwent TNBC surgery admitted into the hospital from Mar. 2019 to Feb. 2021 were selected to be divided into treatment group and control group via completely randomization method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and the treatment group received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy+Yangzheng Touxie Qudu compound traditional Chinese medicine, 30 days as 1 treatment cycle and 4 cycles as the node for efficacy evaluation. Evaluation indicators included tumor markers [serum carcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA), carbohydrate ( CA) 125 and CA153 ], tumor immune microenvironment [ serum interleukin (IL) 6, IL-2, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)], incidences and tolerability of adverse reactions of chemotherapy. RESULTS: A total of 5 patients in both groups met the exclusion criteria during treatment, including 3 cases in the treatment group and 2 cases in the control group, so that 42 cases in the treatment group and 43 cases in the control group were set as the actual research objects. After both groups had finished 4 cycles of treatment, the serum CEA, CA125 and CA153 levels decreased, and those of the treatment group were lower than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05); the serum IL-6, IL-2, sIL-2R and TNF-α levels of both groups had been decreased, and those of the treatment group were lower than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). The severity degree of adverse reactions of chemotherapy in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05); the differences of incidences of myelosuppression, hepatorenal function impairment, gastrointestinal reaction and neurovirulence between two groups were not statistically significant (P>0. 05); there were no statistical significance in differences of recurrence rate and trasfer rate between two groups (P > 0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: The application of Yangzheng Touxie Qudu compound traditional Chinese medicine on patients receive chemoradiotherapy after TNBC surgery can promote anti-tumor effect, improve tumor immune microenvironment and reduce adverse reactions of chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of Jianpi Tongluo Jiedu recipe in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis ( CAG) based on network pharmacology. METHODS: Active components and targets of Jianpi Tongluo Jiedu recipe were obtained by traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform and UniProt database. GeneCards, OMIM and DrugBank were searched for CAG targets. The target of drug and disease interaction was obtained by intersection of the two. After that, STRING database was imported to construct protein-protein interaction network and drug-active ingredient target-disease network map by Cytoscape 3. 7. 2 software. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed. AutoDock Vina software was used for molecular docking. RESULTS: A total of 206 effective components, 232 targets, 783 CAG targets and 91 co-action targets of Jianpi Tongluo Jiedu recipe were obtained. The key targets involved tumor protein p53 ( TP53), protein kinase B1 ( Akt1), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN), interleukin (IL) 6, vascular endothelial growth factor A, tumor necrosis factor, signaling and transcriptional activator 3, prostaglandin peroxidase synthase 2, caspase 3, IL-1β, HIF1A and epI Skin growth factor. GO function enrichment analysis showed that there were 2 024 biological processes, 34 cell components and 120 molecular functions. By KEGG analysis, 161 signal pathways were obtained. Molecular docking results showed good binding force. CONCLUSIONS: Jianpi Tongluo Jiedu recipe can affect CAG mainly through TP53, Akt1, JUN, IL-6 and other proteins, PI3K/ Akt, MAPK, p53, JAK/ STAT and other signaling pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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