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卒中后中枢性疼痛（central post-stroke pain，CPSP）是常见的卒中并发的神经病理性疼痛综合征，严重影响卒中患者的后期康复和生活质量。近年来，CPSP的病理机制研究逐渐受到重视，而小胶质细胞作为颅内常驻的巨噬细胞，被认为在CPSP发生发展中起重要调节作用。本篇综述从生物活性因子、细胞受体和信号通路等角度总结了近年来小胶质细胞调节CPSP的研究进展，描述了多个化合物对CPSP的临床前治疗作用，以期促进CPSP靶向治疗策略的发展。 Abstract: Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is a common neuropathic pain syndrome associated with stroke, which severely affects the outcome and life quality of stroke patients. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the study of the pathological mechanism of CPSP. Microglia, the resident macrophage within the central nervous system, is considered to play a critical role in the development of CPSP. The present review summarized recent research progress of microglia in mediating CPSP from the perspective of bioactive factors, cellular receptors, and signaling pathways, and described the preclinical therapeutic effects of several compounds on CPSP, hoping to promote the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for CPSP.

Objective To investigate the effect of humanistic nursing interventions on anxiety and depression of patients with diabetic foot. Methods A total of 100 patients with diabetic foot were randomly divided into the control group and observation group, with 50 cases in each group. All patients received comprehensive treatment of diabetes and routine care, and those in the observation group were given humanistic nursing interventions. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale were used to measure the negative emotions of patients. Results The SAS and SDS scores were significantly decreased after intervention, and SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0. 01). Conclusion The humanistic nursing intervention is effective to relieve the anxiety and depression of patients with diabetic foot. It may help to enhance patient’s positive coping style and quality of life. (目的 运用人文关怀护理干预缓解糖尿病足患者焦虑抑郁情绪。方法 选取于2022年1月—2023年4月医院收治的糖尿病足患者100例为研究对象, 随机分组为对照组和观察组, 各50例。对照组接受常规治疗和护理, 观察组在对照组基础上增加人文关怀护理。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估患者焦虑抑郁情绪。结果 干预后, 两组SAS和SDS量表评分均较干预前下降, 且观察组SAS和SDS量表评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 人文关怀护理能有效改善糖尿病足患者焦虑抑郁情绪, 增强积极应对方式, 从而有利于改善生活质量。)

Objective To investigate the effect of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) collapse stains on relief of shoulder pain after stroke. Methods A total of 60 patients with post-stroke shoulder pain were randomly divided into study group (n=30)and control group (n=30). The control group was given routine nursing, comprehensive rehabilitation training and nursing by TCM syndrome differentiation. The study group was given TCM collapse stains method for 2 weeks on the basis of the control group. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and modified Barthel Index(mBI) were used to evaluate the patients ‘anxiety states, degree of shoulder pain and activity of daily living respectively. The intervention effect of two groups was compared. Results Scores of SAS and VAS in the study group were lower than those in the control group after treatment (P＜0. 01, respectively). The score of MBI in the study group was higher than that in the control group after treatment (P＜0. 05). The total effective rate was 96. 67%(29/30) in the study group, which was significant higher than 76. 67%(23/30) in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The collapse stains, as an external TCM therapy, is potentially effective to relieve the shoulder pain after stroke and improve the recovery of activity of daily living in patients with post-stroke shoulder pain. (目的 探讨中药塌渍治疗脑卒中后肩痛的效果。方法 选取2021年1月—12月符合纳入标准的60例卒中后肩痛患者, 采用随机数字表法将患者随机分为研究组对照组, 各30例。对照组给予常规护理、综合康复训练和中医辨证施护, 研究组在对照组基础上增加中药塌渍疗法, 疗程为2周。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、疼痛视觉模拟量评分(VAS)量表、Barthel指数 (BI)分别评价患者焦虑程度、疼痛程度和日程生活活动能力, 评价并对比两组干预效果。结果 治疗后, 研究组SAS评分和VAS评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。治疗后, 研究组MBI评分高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。研究组总有效率96. 67%(29/30), 高于对照组的76. 67%(23/30), 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 中药塌渍外治方法能够减轻脑卒中后肩痛患者肩部疼痛程度, 缓解焦虑情绪, 促进康复。)

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The role of academic libraries in cultural cultivation is increasingly prominent. This article aims to explore the approaches for achieving cultural cultivation in academic libraries by constructing a theoretical framework based on the concept of morality-centered education and proposing implementation approaches. It first reviewed the current state of cultural cultivation in academic libraries, highlighting existing shortcomings and problems. It then aligned with the primary tasks of morality-centered education. constructing a theoretical framework for morality-centered cultural cultivation of higher education with five dimensions, including the cultivation of virtue, intelligence, physicality, aesthetics, and labor, and putting forward specific goals to be achieved in each of these five dimensions. (1) To strengthen the development of ideological and political (18-P) courses by integrating 18.P content with specialized courses to achieve high-quality 18-P instruction. (2) To emphasize the key elements of education including courses, textbooks, and teaching faculty and to leverage digital and Al technologies in education to develop student-centered learning. (3) To promote a vibrant campus sports culture to enhance students' physical fitness, helping them develop good habits in sports and gain the spirit of sportsmanship. (4) To create an aesthetic instruction atmosphere with various art forms to enhance students' aesthetic competence. (5) To foster students' awareness and skills in labor, help students understand the hardships and difficulties of labor, developing good habits of respecting, loving, and engaging in labor practices. Based on the framework of morality-centered cultural cultivation, the article proposed the approaches for academic libraries to implement the morality-centered education through cultural cultivation. First is to carry out reading promotion in accordance with the requirement of 18-P instruction courses as well as in close collaboration with relevant units of the school by inviting teachers to engage in reading activities. Second is to integrate library resources to support high-quality course construction and enhance embedded teaching, providing robust support for all-round instruction. Third is to build a future learning center with leading information technology to create new spaces in academic libraries, effectively supporting students' learning and growth. Based on the concept of morality-centered cultural cultivation, it proposed the collaborative interaction between academic libraries and the key departments responsible for education within the institution and stressed the importance of a holistic approach to advancing all five dimensions simultaneously, providing practical guidance and reference for other libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The experiment aimed improve acid-soluble protein production from corn soybean meal based fermentation with composite probiotics. The goals was to improve a reference for using this type of feed in production. Based on of single factor experiments, with the acid soluble protein content as the re‐ sponse value and the vaccination amount, water content, fermentation period, and fermentation tempera‐ ture as independent variables, a Box-Behnken design experiment was conducted to optimize the fermen‐ tation process of corn soybean meal based diets fermented with composite probiotics. The results showed that the acid-soluble protein content was highest at 5.30% when Lactobacillus RSG-1∶Bacillus subtilis B-1∶ Bacillus licheniformis Y5-39=1∶ 1∶ 4. The response surface methodology optimal fermentation process for composite probiotics was determined as follows: water content of 48%, vaccination amount of 10%, fermentation temperature of 48 ℃, and fermentation period of 10 days, resulting in an acidsoluble protein content of 13.31%. However，con‐ sidering practical production conditions, the fer‐ mentation temperature was adjusted to 37 ℃ . In summary, the study identified the optimal process conditions for solid-state fermentation of corn soy‐ bean meal feed with multiple bacterial strains: water content of 48%, vaccination amount (Lactobacillus∶Bacillus subtilis∶Bacillus licheniformis=1∶1∶4) of 10%, fermentation temperature of 37 ℃, fermentation period of 10 days, and acid soluble protein con‐ tent reaching 13.06%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To understand the current status of social support, self-efficacy, and psychological distress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and explore the relationships among them. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2021 to April 2023 in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Haian People′s Hospital, involving 408 COPD patients. General demographic information, the COPD Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the Distress Thermometer (DT) were utilized for data collection. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software, and a structural equation model was constructed using Mplus 7.0 software to validate the mediating effects. Results A total of 430 questionnaires were distributed, and 408 valid questionnaires were collected, yielding an effective response rate of 94.88%. The mean scores for CSES, SSRS, and DT in the 408 COPD patients were (92.46±20.73), (35.02±9.67), and (5.92±1.03) points, respectively. Significant differences were found in DT scores among COPD patients with different payment methods, family monthly income, course of disease, and hospitalizations due to acute exacerbations in the past year (all P＜0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between SSRS scores and CSES scores (r=0.415, P＜0.01), while both SSRS scores and CSES scores were negatively correlated with DT scores in COPD patients (r=-0.617,-0.692, respectively, both P＜0.01). The results of the structural equation model showed that the direct effect of social support on psychological distress in COPD patients was-0.524, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between social support and psychological distress was-0.218, accounting for 29.38% of the total effect. Conclusion Most COPD patients experience moderate to severe psychological distress. Self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between social support and psychological distress in COPD patients, and enhancing self-efficacy can further alleviate their levels of psychological distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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目的 分析 2015—2023年某医院收治的 30 241例呼吸道感染患者肺炎支原体 (MP) 检测结果, 总结 MP 感染的季节、年龄、性别、年份、月份分布特征, 为MP感染的防控提供科学依据。方法 收集2015年1月—2023年 12月山西白求恩医院就诊呼吸道感染患者的MP感染例数, 并计算MP阳性率, 比较不同季节、年龄、性别、年份、月 份的MP阳性率。结果 共纳入30 241例呼吸道感染患者, MP阳性率为39. 18% (11 849/30 241)。不同年龄段MP 阳性率比较, P<0. 001, 学龄前期MP阳性率最高, 其次学龄期、成人期、幼儿期、青春期, 婴儿期最低。男性MP阳性 率低于女性MP阳性率 (P<0. 001)。不同季节MP阳性率比较, P<0. 001, 冬季最高, 其次是秋季、春季, 夏季最低。不 同年份 MP 阳性率不同, 2015—2023 年期间, MP 阳性率呈逐年上升趋势, 从 2015 年的 21. 04% 上升至 2023 年的 44. 21%。不同月份 MP 阳性率不同, 1～12 月分整体趋势呈现 U 型, 其中 7 月份 MP 阳性率最低 (26. 16%)、12 月份 MP阳性率最高 (47. 83%)。结论 2015—2023某医院收治的30 241例呼吸道感染患者中MP感染阳性率较高, 存在 年龄、性别、季节、年份和月份差异, 女性、学龄前期、学龄期儿童MP感染率高；全年可感染, 以秋冬季为主；MP阳性 率逐年增加, MP感染具有周期性波动趋势, 其中2017、2019、2021、2023年具有流行趋势；7月份MP阳性率最低, 12 月份MP阳性率最高。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vascular remodeling is a physiological and pathological process in which abnormal changes in vascular cells and non-cellular components lead to the remodeling of inward and outward blood vessel wall or changes in lumen diameter. As the channels for blood flow, blood vessels are continuously affected by hemodynamic forces. When sensing the abnormal blood flow forces, the mechanically sensitive cell membrane structures such as G protein-coupled receptors, ion channels, cell surface glycocalyx, and integrins, as well as the extracellular matrix will induce the process of vascular endothelial dysfunction, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching, pericyte morphological changes and extracellular matrix remodeling to participate in vascular remodeling. As shown by research, abnormal hemodynamics caused abnormal changes in vascular structure and function, which was the basic process for the occurrence and development of pan-vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, pulmonary hypertension and COVID-19. This paper reviewed the interaction and molecular mechanism between abnormal hemodynamics and vascular remodeling, and analyzed its influence on the pathogenesis of pan-vascular diseases, which could provide reference for formulating prevention and treatment strategies for pan-vascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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