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Traditional satellite remote sensing data acquisition, processing, and application models can no longer meet the demands of populism and real-time applications. In order to meet the real-time intelligent service demand for space-based information in the era of Internet of Things, it is of strategic significance to construct a positioning, navigation, timing, remote sensing, communication (PNTRC) integrative space-based information real-time service system that is system-connected, spatio-temporally fused, and service-oriented. This system supports users of all kinds to obtain information, high-precision positioning and timing, and multimedia communication services anytime and anywhere. Wuhan University has deployed the Luojia series of scientific experimental satellites to verify the integrated intelligent remote sensing satellite technology. In order to further promote the construction of the PNTRC system in China, Wuhan University, in cooperation with the Yantai Municipal Government in Shandong Province, has proposed the Oriental Smart Eye intelligent remote sensing satellite constellation plan. This plan aims to achieve innovative service mode transitions in satellite remote sensing, spanning government, industries, and the general public, by utilizing key technologies such as integrated positioning, navigation, timing, remote sensing, communication, satellite constellation network observation, on-orbit processing, and artificial intelligence. It aims to open up the blue ocean market of commercial remote sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

On September 16th, 2021, general secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in his congratulatory letter to the first international summit on BeiDou scale application: At present, the development of global digitalization is accelerating, and spatiotemporal information, location and navigation services have become an important new infrastructure. With the advent of the new infrastructure era, people engaged in surveying and mapping should think about what the country wants, be anxious about what the country is anxious about, and devote themselves to the wave of “the second 100 years” and “new infrastructure”. Firstly, this paper expounds the definition of new infrastructure, and analyzes the difference between new infrastructure and traditional infrastructure. Secondly, it discusses the mission of geo ‐ spatial information science in the three systems of new infrastructure, including information infrastructure, integration infrastructure and in‐ novation infrastructure. The authors believed that we have walked through the so called traditional surveying and mapping which mainly serves topographic maps, and developed into the so called ubiquitous surveying and mapping which mainly focuses in the services of geo ‐ spatial information. At present, we should seize the opportunity and expand the new mission of geo ‐ spatial informatics science in the new infrastructure era, provide spatiotemporal data with good integrity, strong reality and high accuracy for the new infra‐ structure, and realize digital industrialization, industry digitization and intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The rapid development of cartographical and communication technologies makes the public free to create, publish, edit and share their map image resources and products with various platforms and tools. These map images are remarkably ubiquitous in terms of map content, mapping standards, and other aspects, which poses a big challenge to establishing massive well-annotated map image data. Thus, although the state⁃of⁃the⁃art deep learning methods have made a breakthrough in recognizing the standardized maps, they are still intrinsically unqualified to effectively address map image recognition and under⁃ standing due to the inadequate well-labeled map images. Methods: This paper summarizes the progress and challenges regarding map image recognition and discusses the theoretical configurations and potential geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) techniques for efficient map image recognition and understanding. We propose the map features for deep learning models to represent map image content. Then, we explore the promising methodologies for map image content recognition and the possible semantic analysis methods for map image understanding. Subsequently, we prospect several implementations regarding map image recognition and understanding and their future potentials. Results: In our opinion, further investigation on theories and methods for map image representation is essential. Moreover, fully utilizing the values of map images depends upon recognizing the explicit content (map image perception) and mining the hidden semantics (map cognition). Conclusions: We hope our exploration can contribute to the cartographical community offering a GeoAI and data representation integrated perspective on map image utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The era of big data has arrived, and it has penetrated every aspect of human life. As the geo-spatial information science spawned by the intersection of earth sciences and information sciences, the advent of the era of big data provides it with richer prosperous data protection, but also brings new challenges in data storage, management, analysis, and mining, and even caused a certain degree of “data explosion”. From the perspective of big data, the bottlenecks and challenges in the four core areas of geographic information systems, smart cities, remote sensing big data, and spatial data mining were sorted out. And it was pointed out that geo-spatial information science can provide more accurate and real-time spatial information frameworks and more intelligent and more efficient information processing methods for geoscience research, serving intelligent cities, smart earth construction, and sustainable development in the era of big data. Moreover, in the era of big data, the development of geo-spatial information science is facing the double test of software and hardware levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of space⁃based information service system integrating positioning, navigation, timing, remote sensing and communication (PNTRC) will provide a powerful guarantee for cross⁃border realtime communication, global tracking of moving targets, and rapid response to disasters. It also puts forward new requirements for efficient network communications, especially satellite routing planning algorithms. In order to optimize the communication link and reduce the time delay, this paper makes full use of the advantages of direct view between spatial grids and high coding calculation efficiency, and pro⁃ poses a satellite grid space grid computing method. This paper introduces the GeoSOT⁃3D grid subdivision model and applies it to the aerospace, proposes an aerospace grid index big table, and develops a set of satellite visibility analysis and inter⁃satellite routing planning by querying the grid visibility look⁃up table. In order to verify the feasibility and applicability of the proposed algorithm, based on the coding generation principle and visualization of the aerospace grid coordinate test platform, a global grid index big table is established. Three sets of verification work are carried out after simulating the 90/15/2 Walker constellation, including grid big table experiment, inter⁃satellite calculation efficiency experiment, and inter⁃satellite route planning experiment. The experiments verify the feasibility of the inter⁃satellite link calculation and application process in terms of organization, storage, calculation and planning. The efficiency of grid visibility analysis to determine whether the satellite connection grid code is negative is 2.2 times higher than the traditional algorithm, and the efficiency of the visibility analysis based on the pre⁃established universal visibility table is 20.9 times higher than the traditional algorithm. The efficiency of grid ⁃ based inter⁃satellite routing planning is improved by nearly 25 times under the shortest distance constraint, and approximately 20 times under the minimum hop count constraint. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, it is initially shown that the algorithm is feasible and efficient. We hope that the proposed algorithm can be used in emergency communications, disaster warning, maritime rescue, etc., and also contribute to the construction of satellite Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Smart cities cannot be separated from spatiotemporal location big data. This paper summarizes the needs of spatiotemporal location big data for public epidemic events at home and abroad, investigates the specific services that current spatiotemporal location big data can provide in public epidemic events, and discusses the current stage of spatiotemporal location big data services that cannot meet the requirements of public epidemic events. This paper also focuses on how to improve the spatiotemporal location big data services in the next stage to better serve the public epidemic prevention and control, and gives advice on spatio-temporal location service construction at ordinary times and data sharing mechanism in “wartime”. This paper aims to take scientific measures to improve the spatiotemporal big data services, strives to establish a technical support system for public epidemic prevention and control at ordinary times, and introduces a “wartime” spatiotemporal location big data sharing mechanism for epidemic prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

21st century is the age of data explosion growth. In the era of big data, it is urgent to enhance the timeliness and intelligence level of the geo-spatial information science.Artificial intelligence is applied to geo-spatial information science, enhancing the perception and cognition ability of geospatial information processing, and realizing the three processes of perception, cognition and action of geo-spatial information science.Through the integration of geo-spatial big data and AI (artificial intelligence), the macro, meso and micro scale of the earth space, earth observation brain(EOB), smart city brain(SCB) and smart phone brain(SPB) are proposed. EOB, SCB and SPB are highly intelligent systems in the geo-spatial information science. The concept model and the key technologies needed to be solved of EOB, SCB and SPB are introduced in detail, and an example is given to illustrate the process of perception, cognition and active in the primary stage of the EOB,SCB and SPB. In future,EOB,SCB and SPB can observe when, where, what object, what change to push these right information to right person at the right time and right place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The census and monitoring of geographical national conditions is an important part of the research concerning national conditions, including economic and human conditions. This paper summarizes the achievement of the first national geographic census and monitoring results pertaining to special topics in geographical national conditions. The innovations on contents, technologies and expression of outcomes are discussed. The authors asrgue that ground subsidence and deformation, impervious surfaces, the humanities and social economic information should be added as new conditions to be monitored. In terms of technological innovation, basic surveying and mapping products must be fully exploited and data on economic and human geographical conditions acquired by sharing and data conversion from different Industries, verified through crowd sourced data processing, and updated based on the earth observation sensors network. The Ontology, integration model in vector and raster could be used to express the geographic conditions, and simple index on National Geographic National Census and statistical results and monitoring data could be released according to the user-oriented demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce the background of civil-military integration strategy, analyze the achievements and challenges of the present situation of China's space-based information system, and discuss the strategic significance of the construction of a civil military integrated space-based real-time information service system. A proposal for the construction of communication-navigation-remote sensing integrated space-based information service system (including positioning, navigation, timing, remote sensing, and communication functions, PNTRC) is put forward. The ultimate goal is a implementation strategy, technical roadmap, and prospective PNTRC application. Key technologies for the construction of PNTRC are analyzed, some suggestions for key technologies are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the DMSP/OLS nighttime light data for the years 1993-2012 and spatial analysis methods including standard deviational ellipse and rank-size distribution, this paper systematically analyzes the spatial structure and spatiotemporal dynamics of the urban system in countries along B&R (The Belt and Road Initiative). We found that nighttime light increased in most countries along B&R. These fast growing countries are undergoing economic reforms and post-war reconstruction, while nighttime light reduction occurs in areas of social and economic unrest. The trend of size distribution of nighttime light in B&R is continuous spatial expansion, and the center of the nighttime light is moving to southeast Asia. The nighttime light distribution in the top 2000 urban places in B&R follows the rank-size distribution, thus urban land distribution is more concentrated than the past. The high rank cities are fairly well developed, but the development of the small cities is lagging behind. The general distribution trend toward, concentration is stronger than decentralization in B&R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As we entered the 21 century，after more than ten years of rapid development of high resolution remote sensing satellite，the earth observation satellite system has developed from the original single satellite observation model to the present light and small satellite constellation observation model . All-weather and all-directional earth observation can be realized. The satellite constellation，communication satellites，navigation satellites and aircrafts are linked through dynamic linking network to form space-based information network to realize intelligent earth observation in the future. To make the system more intelligent and improve perception and cognition of system as well as quick response ability ，earth observation brain (EOB) is proposed in this paper. EOB is the intelligent earth observation system based on events perception. In this paper，the concept model of EOB and the key technologies needed to be solved are introduced in detail，and an example is given to illustrate the process of perceptual cognition in the primary stage of the EOB. In the future，EOB can observe when ，where， what change of what object to push these right information to right people in the right time and right place. Globally all kinds of users will obtain related geospatial data ，information and know ledge in real time through EOB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a quick and viewpoint-invariant matching method for oblique images. We preprocess an oblique image to obtain a rectified image that eliminates the geometric distortion, scale, and rotation of the image. First, we calculate the homography matrix between the oblique image and the object space plane by making full use of the Interior Orientation (IO) elements and the rough Exterior Orientation(EO) elements of the oblique image and recover the oblique image to a rectified image through 2D perspective transformation. Secondly, we extract the Harris corner-points from the rectified image and describe them using the SIFT descriptor. Thirdly, in order to distribute matches evenly and improve the matching efficiency during the matching process, we use the fundamental and homography matrices to calculate the potential area of the correct corresponding point of a Harris corner-point to be matched, and pick out all the extracted Harris corner-points in this potential area as candidate points. Nearest Neighbor Distance Ratio (NNDR) and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) measure constraints are used to get matches. Experiments conducted on three pairs of typical oblique images demonstrate that our method takes just a few seconds to match a pair of oblique images with a plenty of corresponding points distributed evenly with an extremely low mismatching rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University is the property of Geomatics & Information Science of Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the challenges to build a smart city is to create intelligent and ubiquitous geospatial Web services, and provide a composition of these services available to users. These geospatial Web services must be better-tuned to a given context. Using AI planning techniques and semantic enhancement, this paper presents a dynamic, context-aware service composition method which is achieved by transforming the service composition problem into a planning problem described in a standardized fashion using PDDL. Semantic representation of a geospatial Web service is modeled by extending OWL-S ontology with GeoContext class, GeoContextPrecondition class, GeoContextEffect class and GeoContextBinding class, which support geo-context and geo-context adaptation. Semantic information is used for the enhancement of the composition process as well as for approximating the optimal composite service when exact solutions are not found. Independence from specific planners is maintained. The generating plan is transformed to a WS-BPEL compatible representation, which is executable on the business process execution engine. A case study about smart travel is also presented to demonstrate the functionality, effectiveness and potential of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we proposed an automatic aerotriangulation method based on SWDC-5 oblique images. First of all, we designed an improved viewpoint-invariant matching method for oblique images based on the perspective transformation. Secondly, in order to reduce the amount of unknown adjustment parameters (overmuch unknown adjustment parameter may weaken the instability of adjustment solution), we offered a new bundle adjustment model for oblique images which took the relative attitude parameters of cameras into account, and also gave the application scope of the model. Experiments conducted on the typical SWDC-5 oblique images demonstrated that when the relative attitude of cameras (on same camera station) are stable and their cameras exposure are limited within a short time delay, the aero-triangulation accuracy of our method is high, the unit weight error is 0.46 pixels and the average residual of image points is 0.27 pixels. Thirdly, we applied the results of aero-triangulation to PMVS (patch-based multi-view stereo matching) algorithm to gain the dense point-cloud of the experimental city, used screened Poisson reconstruction algorithm to get its 3D mesh, and reconstruct its 3D surface with 3D texture algorithm. Experiments showed that the accuracy of the aero triangulation met the requirements of applications, and the obtained 3D city model had a natural, real texture, all this proved that the idea of automatic reconstruction of 3D city model is feasible and made a good reference for the large-scale 3D city model reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impervious surface distribution is one of the key indicators of the regional and urban environment, and plays an important role in development planning and ecological assessment. Impervious surface extraction and analysis however has been overlooked in much of the work on monitoring national geographic conditions. Impervious surface mapping based on remote sensing technology has attracted lots of interest. as it can be used to estimate the distribution of impervious surfaces over large areas quickly and accurately. This paper starts with a review of the classical methods for impervious surface mapping using remote sensing data. The important applications of impervious surface mapping are summarized, including hydrology, heat island effect, land use/land cover development monitoring and planning, urban ecology condition assessment, and city planning. Finally, the suggestions for future applications of impervious surface mapping based on remote sensing technology in China are proposed. The contents in this paper demonstrate why impervious surface should be included in national geographic condition monitoring projects in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

National geographical conditions are an important part of the basic national conditions, including spatial distribution and relationships among natural elements, cultural elements, and socio-economic information. The first national geographical census in China has recently been completed and geographical conditions monitoring has entered a phase of organization, summarization, and statistical analysis of census data. In the future, routine geographic conditions monitoring will be carried out. In this paper, some issues about contents, scales, units, models,and frequency of geographical conditions monitoring are discussed. Firstly, in addition to the existing census contents, impervious surface and socio-economic information necessary to obtain, a comprehensive national geographical conditions should be paid much attention. Secondly, suitable scales, units of monitoring, and statistics must be determined to make monitoring results more accurate. Thirdly, based on different requirements, corresponding monitoring models must be constructed for statistical data analysis. Finally, scientific monitoring plans ought to be made on the basis of characteristics and change rules of monitoring elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]