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This paper takes the archaeological remains of Egou site in Peiligang culture period as the analysis object. By introducing the perspective of abandonment process, it is found that the houses and potteries have obvious expediency characteristics, which is not suitable for long-term stable settlement life. Grinding stone tools are mostly tools for processing, hunting, and gathering plants, so it is speculated that agricultural economy accounted for a relatively low proportion of subsistence pattern, and the overall development level was still in its initial stage. It can be seen that the establishment of early agricultural economy might be a gradual and slow development process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]