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目的分析食管鳞癌患者（ESCC组）与健康对照组（HC组）肿瘤组织菌群多样性，筛选出食管鳞癌患者肿瘤组织中特异性细菌。方法收集105例食管鳞癌患者肿瘤组织标本和54例健康对照者的食管组织标本，提取标本总DNA，用PCR方法扩增16S rDNA V4区，后行高通量测序，将数据做OTU聚类及多样性分析筛选食管鳞癌组织内特征菌。最后用定量PCR（Q-PCR）扩增方法验证筛选结果。结果多样性分析表明ESCC组肿瘤标本和HC组正常食管组织标本内菌群多样性及组成存在明显差异，物种分析表明ESCC组以梭杆菌属（Fusobacterium）、孪生球菌属（Gemella）、奈瑟菌属（Neisseria）、卟啉单胞菌属（Porphyromonas）、链球菌属（Streptococcus）为主，HC组以梭杆菌属（Fusobacterium）、放线杆菌属（Actinobacillus）、链球菌属（Streptococcus）、普雷沃氏菌属（Prevotella）为主，LEfSe分析表明ESCC组卟啉菌属、梭杆菌属丰度升高，且具有统计学差异（P

针对我国装配式钢结构建筑推广应用过程中的标准化、模块化和产业化需求,提出了一种竖向承重体系和抗侧力体系相分离的新型组合结构体系,并基于这一概念提出了一系列适用于多层和高层住宅建筑的高性能结构方案。通过大比例试验、高效数值模拟和性能评价等方法对该种新型体系的抗震性能开展了深入研究,充分证明了其在地震区应用的可行性。另外,开展了与该新型结构体系相配套的集成式楼盖和一体化外围护墙板的研究,分别围绕集成式楼盖及节点的力学机理和一体化外围护墙板的保温性能、隔声性能、受弯性能以及与结构的协同受力性能展开了系列研究。目前,与装配式板柱钢结构体系相配套的一个示范产业园区和两条示范生产线均已建成,相关研发成果已成功应用在两项示范工程中,取得了良好的示范效果。

针对装配式组合结构的发展需求,提出了一种多层重力-侧力系统可分组合结构体系,通过梁端铰接实现了结构的竖向承重系统与水平抗侧力系统的分离,提升了装配式组合结构的标准化程度。根据该结构体系的布置方案,设计并完成了3个大比例体系试验,与传统刚接组合框架对比,分析了新型结构体系在竖向楼面荷载和水平滞回荷载作用下的力学性能,对两种结构体系开展了抗震性能评价。利用通用有限元软件MSC.Marc建立了新型结构体系的有限元模型,通过与试验结果对照分析了节点建模方式对计算结果的影响。研究结果表明,新型结构体系在水平地震作用下的安全裕度高于传统刚接组合框架,新型结构体系的节点表现出显著半刚性,其对结构竖向承载刚度和侧向刚度均有明显影响。

保偏光纤环是保偏型光纤陀螺（FOG）的关键组成部分。偏振光在保偏光纤环内发生的二次偏振串扰在FOG干涉输出端会产生很多次干扰项引入相位误差,从而影响FOG的静态参数,如零偏稳定性。文章设计了一套实验夹具用于对保偏光纤环精准施压,通过控制两个夹具在保偏光纤的消偏长度内施压产生大量的二次串扰高点。测得光纤环的偏振串扰数据,并进行仿真计算得到零偏仿真值,与实际测试得到的零偏数据对比,理论仿真值与实际测试值一致。随着施压产生的二次串扰强度增大,FOG的零偏稳定性也随之恶化,施压产生的二次串扰点强度最大时,与未施压时相比,实验环1的零偏稳定性从0.006 3°/h恶化到0.015 1°/h,实验环2的零偏稳定性从0.012 5°/h恶化到0.017 1°/h。

二十一世紀世界各國課程改革浪潮此起彼伏，但實際的改革效果卻差強人意。本研究嘗試從民眾教育的視角再次思考對課程─此一基本概念的理解，探討課程對於學生在民主社會中建構公民身分的意義，並指出可從三方面對學校教學進行重構：課程資源的多維整合、課程場域的彈性延展、師生角色的動態轉換。 The 21st century has been witnessed to widespread global curriculum reform. However, the implementations of these reforms are hardly satisfactory. This paper attempts to reinterpret the meaning of schooling, curriculum and instruction from the perspective of public pedagogy, explore the function of curriculum for students to cultivate citizenship in a democratic society. Meanwhile, based on comprehensive analysis of previous literature, three approaches for reconstructing the schooling are suggested: Multi-dimensional integration of curriculum resources, fl exible extension of curriculum boundaries, and the dynamic role change between teachers and students.

【目的】评估利用T1Mapping（T1 定量图谱）T1 值测定体模钆塞酸二钠（Gd-EOB-DTPA）溶液浓度的准确性，确定较优的扫描序列。【方法】制备不同浓度（0.007-1.814 g/L）的Gd-EOB-DTPA 溶液体模（n=12）并行MRI 扫描。扫描序列包括T1 加权（T1WI）序列（opp-phase、IR、SE、T1-fl2d、T1-vibe、T1-3D）及T1 定量图谱（T1Mapping） 序列（VIBE_Mapping、T1-tra-3D_Mapping、T1-fl2d_Mapping）。在T1WI 中测量体模溶液Sp 及同层参照物Sm，计算信噪比（SNR）（Sp/Sm）。在T1Mapping 测量体模溶液T1p、同层参照物T1m，背景T1n，计算SNR =T1p/T1 n、对比噪声比（CNR）=|T1p-T1m|/T1n。【结果】除 SE 序列外（P=0.058），其余各序列测定的信号强度（SI）、相对信号强度（RSI）与对比剂浓度分布均呈正相关（P0.05）。【结论】T1Mapping 软件可获得准确的T1 值。VIBE 序列所得T1Mapping 图像质量高，扫描速度快，更适用于Gd-EOB-DTPA 肝脏增强MR 检查。

【目的】分析食管鳞癌患者（ESCC组）与健康对照组（HC组）唾液菌群多样性，筛选出食管鳞癌患者唾液中特异性细菌。【方法】收集50例食管鳞癌患者和40例健康对照者的唾液标本，提取总DNA，用PCR扩增16SrDNAV4区，进行高通量测序，将测序数据进行OUT聚类，物种注释及多样性分析。【结果】多样性分析表明ESCC组和HC组整体唾液菌群的多样性及组成方面存在差异（但>0.05），物种分析表明ESCC组以奈瑟菌属（Neisseria）、梭杆菌属（Fusobacterium）、嗜血杆菌属（Haemophilus）、普式菌属（Prevotella）、卟啉单胞菌属（Porphyromonas）为主，健康对照组以奈瑟菌属（Neisseria）、嗜血杆菌属（Haemophilus）、普式菌属（Prevotella）、梭杆菌属（Fusobacterium）、韦荣氏球菌属（Veillonella）为主，LEfSe分析表明ESCC组卟啉菌属表达升高，且具有统计学差异（

【目的】探讨磁化传递成像（MTI）预测克罗恩病（CD）患者肠瘘发生风险的应用价值。【方法】分析12例CD手术患者的术前MTI资料，在磁化传递率（MTR）图像上测量并计算病变肠壁的标准化MTR（标准化MTR=肠壁MTR/肌肉MTR）。采用MTI图像和手术切除肠道区域对区域定位的方法，切取对应位置的肠壁组织行Masson染色以评估纤维化程度。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较有肠瘘和无肠瘘肠壁的标准化MTR，绘制ROC曲线分析标准化MTR预测CD肠瘘发生的效能。【结果】12例患者手术切除15个病变肠段，共获取35个肠壁标本，其中发生肠瘘的肠段有5段共12个标本，无发生肠瘘的肠段有10段共23个标本。有肠瘘的肠壁标准化MTR高于无肠瘘者（P=0.045）。ROC曲线分析显示标准化MTR预测病变肠壁发生肠瘘风险的曲线下面积为0.674（95%置信区间：0.537-0.811）；以标准化MTR=0.768为诊断阈值时，诊断可能发生肠瘘的敏感度和特异度分别为93.3%、51.1%。有肠瘘的肠壁的纤维化评分高于无肠瘘者（P=0.012）。肠壁标准化MTR与纤维化评分呈正相关（r=0.708，P

目的】探讨T2 * mapping对评估克罗恩病（CD）炎症活动性的应用价值。【方法】98例CD患者行MR肠道造影及 T2*WI扫描。在T2 * mapping上测量病变肠壁的T2 * 值，以MR活动性指数（MaRIA）为CD炎症活动性的参考标准，分析T2 * 值 与CD活动性的关系。【结果】160个肠段中，缓解期CD（MaRIA < 7）26段，轻度活动期CD（7 ≤ MaRIA < 11）23段，中-重度活 动期（MaRIA≥11）111段。三组CD肠壁的T2*值差异有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。160个肠段的T2*值与MaRIA具有较好的 相关性（r = 0.743，P < 0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示T2 * 值在鉴别缓解期和活动期CD（AUC = 0.877）以及鉴别缓解期-轻度活 动期和中-重度活动期CD（AUC = 0.848）均具有较高的诊断准确性，其中T2 * 值选择阈值为20 ms时诊断轻度和中-重度活动 期CD的敏感性为74.5%，特异性为84%。【结论】T2 * mapping的定量指标T2 * 值与CD活动性有较好的相关性，可准确诊断CD 的炎症活动性。

【目的】分析克罗恩病（CD）磁共振肠道造影（MRE）及扩散加权成像（DWI）的影像表现，探讨MRI在诊断CD活 动性中的价值。【方法】回顾性分析经临床、影像及病理证实的CD患者26例，归纳CD肠道内外影像表现，采用MRE+DWI评 分系统评估肠道病变，进而比较活动期和缓解期CD的MRE及DWI征象差异。【结果】26例CD患者，活动期20例，缓解期 6例。CD的肠道MRI表现为肠壁增厚、T2WI信号增高和异常高强化，活动期CD肠壁的病变程度较缓解期CD明显；DWI表现 为肠壁信号增高，活动期 CD 的 ADC 值［（0.9 ± 0.2）× 10 -3 mm 2 /s］低于缓解期 CD 的 ADC 值［（1.5 ± 0.4）× 10 -3 mm 2 /s］（P < 0.001）。CDAI评分与ADC值呈较好的负相关（r = -0.625，P < 0.001）。活动期CD的肠外表现为梳状征、肠系膜淋巴结肿 大、肠周渗出、瘘道和腹腔脓肿。【结论】MRE联合DWI可准确评估CD活动度和诊断肠外并发症。

【目的】为了分析直肠上静脉及肠系膜下静脉的直径与直肠癌淋巴转移的相关性，在CT上测量直肠上静脉及 肠系膜下静脉的直径，探讨利用直肠上静脉预测直肠癌淋巴结转移的可行性。【方法】回顾性分析105例直肠癌患者的CT 及病理资料，在 CT 上测量直肠上静脉和肠系膜下静脉直径，比较两条静脉的直径在不同病理状态下（是否存在微血管 癌栓、印戒细胞、淋巴结转移以及远处转移）的差异，采用ROC 曲线分析利用直肠上静脉直径预测直肠癌淋巴结转移的 准确性。【结果】直肠上静脉及肠系膜下静脉的直径在淋巴结转移组（分别为4.34 mm、5.00 mm）与无淋巴结转移组（分别为 3.56 mm、4.81 mm）间的差异有统计学意义（P < 0.001，P = 0.023）。直肠上静脉在是否存在微血管癌栓、印戒细胞间的差异 有统计学意义（P = 0.019，0.044），而肠系膜下静脉在是否存在微血管癌栓、印戒细胞间的差异无统计学意义（P值分别为 0.605，0.663）。直肠上静脉与肠系膜下静脉的直径在是否伴远处转移间的差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。以直肠上静脉 直径3.75 mm、肠系膜下静脉直径4.65 mm为分界值，预测淋巴结转移的灵敏度分别为90.9%、87.3%，特异度分别为82.0%、 38%。【结论】利用CT测量直肠上静脉的直径预测直肠癌的淋巴结转移是完全可行的，具有很高的敏感度、准确性和较高的 特异度。

【目的】探讨多排螺旋CT（MDCT）在儿童骶尾部肿瘤（SCT）的应用价值，以期提高对儿童SCT的诊断能力。 【方法】纳入经穿刺活检或手术病理证实的54例儿童SCT（男22例，女32例，年龄1 d至16岁），所有病例术前均行64排螺 旋CT平扫及单期增强扫描。回顾性分析患儿的CT特点及临床资料。【结果】儿童SCT好发于4岁以下儿童，女性多见，其中 生殖细胞肿瘤最常见，其次为神经源性肿瘤。54例儿童SCT中，恶性39例，良性15例。在CT检查中，以实性成分为主的肿 瘤37例（68%），31例为恶性肿瘤。以囊性成分为主的肿瘤8例（15%），均为良性肿瘤。囊实性或实性肿块伴有明显坏死的 肿瘤9例（17%），8例为恶性肿瘤。【结论】儿童恶性SCT发病率高于良性，大部分恶性SCT以实性成分为主、囊实性或实性 肿块中伴有明显坏死，而大部分的良性肿瘤以囊性成分为主；大多数SCT在结合CT表现及患儿临床资料的基础上于术前可 做出明确诊断。

教師是實施校本課程發展的關鍵人物，在實施過程中，教師需要不斷重新審視課程及評估學與教的關係。課堂學習研究是參考日本的授業研究（lesson study），並以變易學習理論（the theory of variation）為基礎的一種校本課程發展及教師專業發展模式。教師和大學的研究員對課程中某些重要課題和學生的學習難點進行深入的探討，然後共同設計一堂研究課，最後進行有系統地觀課、評量和反思。本文會先介紹課堂學習研究的理論架構，之後以一個小學常識科研究課案例來說明課堂學習研究的各個步驟，最後討論課堂學習研究與校本課程發展及教師專業發展的關係。 Teachers are the key figures in the implementation of school-based curriculum development. During the process, teachers need to continuously re-examine the curriculum and evaluate the relationship between learning and teaching. Learning study is a kind of school-based curriculum development and teacher professional development model inspired by the lesson study in Japan and grounded on the theory of variation. In each learning study, teachers work collaboratively with researchers from tertiary institutes to plan a research lesson aiming at developing some capabilities or values which are central to the curriculum and in which their students have difficulties to learn. Then they will go through a systematic process to observe lessons, to evaluate and to reflect. This paper first introduces the theoretical framework of lesson study. Then a case of a research lesson of Primary School General Studies is used to elaborate the steps in conducting learning study. Finally, the role of learning study in school-based curriculum development is discussed.

针对利用阶跃响应法测试光电探测元件频率响应时存在无法获得相频特性的问题,文章通过Multisim软件建立了与实际器件参数一致的等效电路,根据相频特性中相位差与时间差之间的关系,提出了一种同时测量幅频特性和相频特性的频率响应测量方法,仿真测量的幅频特性结果与传统阶跃响应法的测量结果一致。光电二极管的相频特性对高速接收系统的设计具有重要影响。

介绍了一种基于商用掺铒光纤放大器、光纤布拉格光栅和可变光衰减器的可调谐、超稳定、窄带宽光纤激光器的实现方案及性能。研究结果表明,该光纤激光器的输出功率稳定性好（1h之内的稳定度

校本課程發展可說是課程改革的一個核心議題。本文嘗試把課程領導和課程評鑑在校本課程發展的脈絡中作一綜合討論。文章分為四部分：第一部分探討課程領導及課程評價的意涵；第二部分討論課程領導、課程評鑑及校本課程發展三者的關聯；第三及第四部分分別探討校長課程領導，以及技術與非技術取向的校本課程領導與課程評鑑。 School-based curriculum development is seen as one of the core issues in curriculum reform. This article attempts to discuss, in an integrated manner, curriculum leadership and curriculum evaluation under the context of school-based curriculum development. The article is divided into four parts. The first part explores the meaning of curriculum leadership and curriculum evaluation. The second part discusses the association among curriculum leadership, curriculum evaluation and school-based curriculum development. The third and fourth part explores principal’s curriculum leadership as well as technical and non-technical approaches to curriculum leadership and curriculum evaluation respectively.

由于突发包具有突发和大动态范围的特点,因此快速准确地检测突发光包的光功率是一个难点。文章简要介绍了光功率监控的基本原理,阐述了使用快速采样保持技术来实现突发光功率监控的方法。根据此方法设计了监控电路,并完成了配套的校准方法。实验结果表明,该方法监控精度高,动态范围大,能满足突发光功率监控的要求,且大大降低了对模数转换器的速率要求。

【目的】克隆人血管内皮生长因子165 基因, 并测定蛋白质的表达及鉴定其活性。【方法】用PCR 法从人心脏 cDNA 文库中钓取目的基因VEGF165 , 插入质粒PUC19 中并测序鉴定。构建真核表达重组质粒AdtrackCMV-VEGF165 转染 293 细胞, 用RNA 斑点杂交和Wester n blot 方法检测VEGF165 基因表达, 并通过Miles 试验检测VEGF165 蛋白活性。【结 果】PCR 产物为582 bp , 测序结果表明其序列正确, 在RNA 和蛋白水平检测到VEGF165 基因表达, VEGF165 蛋白相对分子 质量为22 ku , 具有生物学活性。【结论】成功地克隆了有表达生物学活性的VEGF165 基因。

【目的】应用两种螺旋 CT 多层面图象重建( MPR)技术检查颌骨, 考察这些图象用于牙种植所达到的临床效果。【方 法】用螺旋 CT 对牙种植术前术后的临床病例之颌骨作 1mm 厚层连续扫描后, CT 主机将扫描图象数据传送入工作站, 以牙科 颌骨多区域MPR 软件,和普通颌骨单区域 MPR 软件处理数据。【结果】多区域 MPR技术可同时显示数张整体颌骨弓的 CT 全 景片和数十张任意间隔的颌骨弓多区域横断面图象。普通颌骨单区域 MPR 技术可显示颌骨单区域数张任意平面和任意曲面 的图象。【结论】两种螺旋 CTMPR 分别适用于牙种植术前设计的颌骨检查, 和植入后牙种植体的检查。两种技术的联合应用 可较全面检查牙种植术前术后的颌骨形态、结构和骨质、牙种植体与骨结合情况, 以及牙种植体与颌骨内重要结构的关系。

BACKGROUND: The specific molecular mechanisms underlying common degenerative bone diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and intervertebral disc degeneration, are currently unclear and may involve endoplasmic reticulum stress. At present, research on the systematic role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of these common skeletal diseases and related therapeutic progress is relatively limited. OBJECTIVE: To review the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in common degenerative bone diseases, explore the molecular mechanisms of these diseases in depth, and provide new ideas and perspectives for prevention and treatment of these diseases. METHODS: Relevant literature from 2000 to 2024 was searched in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science databases using the search terms of “endoplasmic reticulum stress, bone disease, unfolded protein response, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, intervertebral disc degeneration, autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis” in Chinese and English. After removal of duplicates and older literature, a total of 115 articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Endoplasmic reticulum stress has a dual effect in regulating cell physiology. Mild endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis; however, persistent excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress leads to cell death. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell autophagy and apoptosis are closely related to osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and intervertebral disc degeneration. Aging, drug side effects, metabolic disorders, calcium imbalance, poor lifestyle habits and other reasons may lead to long-term activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which causes bone remodeling disorders, cartilage damage, nucleus pulposus cell death and other pathological manifestations, ultimately leading to the occurrence of osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration. Intervention in the relevant mechanisms triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress is expected to play a role in the prevention and treatment of common degenerative bone diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Transcranial magneto-acoustic-electrical stimulation is a novel non-invasive neural regulation technique that utilizes the induced electric field generated by the coupling effect of ultrasound and static magnetic field to regulate the discharge activity of the nervous system. However, the mechanism by which it affects synaptic plasticity in the brain is still not enough. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of transcranial magneto-acoustic-electrical stimulation intensity on synaptic plasticity of the prefrontal cortex neural network in mice. METHODS: (1) Animal experiment: Twenty-four C57 mice were equally and randomly divided into four groups: the control group receiving pseudo-stimulation, the 6.35 W/cm² stimulation group receiving coupled stimulation of 0.3 T, 6.35 W/cm², the 17.36 W/cm² stimulation group receiving coupled stimulation of 0.3 T, 17.36 W/cm2 , and the 56.25 W/cm² stimulation group receiving coupled stimulation of 0.3 T, 56.25 W/cm2 . The local field potential signals and behavioral correctness were recorded during the execution of T-maze in mice. (2) Modeling and simulation experiments: A neural network model of the prefrontal cortex in mice stimulated by transcranial magneto-acoustic-electrical stimulation was constructed to compare the structural connectivity characteristics of the neural network under different stimulation intensities. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Transcranial magneto-acoustic-electrical stimulation could effectively shorten the behavior learning time, improve the working memory ability of mice (P < 0.05), and continue to stimulate the frontal lobe of mice after learning behavior. There was no significant difference in the accuracy of the T-maze behavioral experiment among the experimental groups (P > 0.1). Analysis of local field potential signals in the frontal lobe of mice revealed that transcranial magneto-acoustic-electrical stimulation promoted energy enhancement of β and γ rhythms. As the stimulation intensity increased, there was an asynchronous decrease in β and γ rhythms. Through β-γ phase amplitude coupling, it was found that stimuli could enhance the neural network’s ability to adapt to new information and task requirements. Modeling and simulation experiments found that stimulation could enhance the discharge level of the neural network, increase the long-term synaptic weight level, and decrease the short-term synaptic weight level only when the stimulation intensity was high. To conclude, there is a complex nonlinear relationship between different stimulus intensities and the functional structure of neural networks. This neural regulation technique may provide new possibilities for the treatment of related neurological diseases such as synaptic dysfunction and neural network abnormalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Integrating the promotion of students’ national cultural confidence into Curriculum Ideology and Politics construction of the collegiate major of garden, implanting genes of excellent national culture of traditional garden into the course system of garden major, and driving these genes to take roots in young college students’ minds and hearts will play significant effects on guiding new generations of garden talents to enhance their self-confidence in national culture and consciously inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture. Basing on the challenges faced by the inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional garden culture, relying on the guiding spirit of fostering virtue and nurturing talent, this study proposes to construct the education pathway of Curriculum Ideology and Politics with a model of “One Body, Two Wings” by analyzing the basic culture quality of young students, enhancing the cultural education abilities of professional teachers, mining cultural resources from the traditional garden course and improving the quality of culture of some other professional courses. Adhering the idea of integrity and innovation in the practices of cultivating garden talents, catalyzing the promotion of students’ national cultural confidence throughout the whole process of talents cultivation, and providing a new reference pathway for cultivating talents in garden industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to achieve chemical fertilizer rate reduction of application and increase efficiency, as well as the light simplification of winter wheat production, a 2-year continuous controlled release blended fertilizer experiment was conducted in the Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park of Dezhou City from 2020 to 2022. Five treatments included: no nitrogen fertilizer application (T0), conventional nitrogen application (base fertilizer ∶ topdressing = 1 ∶ 1, T1), optimized nitrogen application (base fertilizer ∶ topdressing = 1 ∶ 1, T2), single basal application of controlled-release blended fertilizer including 50% controlled release nitrogen (T3) and 70% controlled release nitrogen (T4). The effects of different treatments on winter wheat yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency, and economic benefits were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the nitrogen accumulation of winter wheat increased with the extension of growth period. Compared with conventional nitrogen application (T1 treatment), there was no significant difference in nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake of winter wheat in different growth stages with controlled release blended fertilizers (T3 and T4 treatments), while the yield increased by 4. 1%, -5. 4% (2021) and 5. 9%, -1. 0% (2022), respectively. Compared with T1 treatment, T3 and T4 treatments increased nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of winter wheat by 7. 3% to 27. 1% and -8. 6% to 30. 3%, respectively, nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) increased by 26. 9% to 34. 8% and 10. 9% to 17. 6%, respectively, nitrogen partial productivity (NPP) increased by 24. 9% to 27. 1% and 13. 6% to 18. 8%, respectively (P>0. 05). The net benefits of controlled release blended fertilizers (T3 and T4 treatment) increased by 4. 5% -7. 0% (2021) and 0. 4% -8. 5% (2022) compared to conventional nitrogen application (T1 treatment), respectively. There is a significant (P<0. 05) or extremely significant (P<0. 01) positive correlation between winter wheat yield and effective panicle number, thousand grain weight, nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity, and nitrogen use efficiency. Considering the comprehensive yield, output value and net income, it is recommended to prioritize single basal application of blended fertilizer with 50% controlled release nitrogen fertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Practical Medicine / Shiyong Yixue Zazhi is the property of Journal of Practical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mg alloys are the lightest metal structural materials, possessing low density, high specific strength and specific modulus, and degradability. Traditional manufacturing methods (casting, extrusion, etc.) struggle to produce complex geometries in a single step, necessitating secondary processing and resulting in defects such as porosity and oxide inclusions, leading to inferior mechanical properties. Powder bed additive manufacturing (PBAM), as a rapid prototyping technology, has been widely used to fabricate complex structural metal components, providing a platform for the development and application of Mg alloys. Firstly, the forming defects of Mg alloys during the PBAM process their performance characteristics were summarized. Secondly, the relationship between PBAM process parameters and the formability and mechanical properties of Mg alloys were explored. Furthermore, the effects of different post-processing methods on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg alloys prepared by PBAM were introduced. Finally, the potential future applications of PBAM Mg alloys were discussed.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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