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Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The present paper aimed to investigate the important role of NAC gene in the growth and development of Cinnamomum camphora and its role in salt stress, and to clarify the response mechanism of C. camphora under salt stress. 【Method】The genome-wide NAC genes of C. camphora were identified and analyzed by bioinformatics to investigate the mode of response to abiotic stress in C. camphora. By identifying the members of NAC family of C. camphora,the paper aonducteda systematic analysis in terms of physicochemical properties, phylogenetic analysis, conserved motifs and gene structures, chromosomal localization and inter-species covariance, cis-acting element prediction and expression patterns.【Result】A total of 103 CcNAC genes were identified, the amino acid counts ranged from 137 to 1136, the isoelectric points from 4.54 to 10.00, the relative molecular masses from 15 644.40 to 129 859.29 u, and the mean hydrophobicity of all proteins was negative, indicating hydrophilicity. Subcellular localization was predicted to be in the nucleus and cytoplasm. A phylogenetic evolutionary tree was constructed with Arabidopsis thaliana NAC gene sequences, which classified CcNAC genes into 16 subfamilies. The NAM subfamily had the most members, with 17 CcNAC genes, while 25 CcNAC genes were not included. Conservative motif and gene structure analysis revealed that CcNAC genes were found to contain 2-8 introns and 10 motifs. Among these, motif3 appeared to be particularly stable in the genetic evolution of C. camphora genes, while motif9 and motif10 were distributed across the NAM subfamily. Chromosome localization and replication event analysis revealed that 103 genes were distributed across 12 chromosomes, with the highest number of genes（13） found in CcNAC genes distributed across chromosomes Chr02, with the lowest number of genes found on Chr10 and Chr11, which contained two genes each; Fragment duplication was the main mode of amplification for the CcNAC family. Multi-species co-linkage analysis revealed that CcNAC genes formed 162 pairs of co-linkage genes with CcNAC genes, indicating a closer relationship than with other species. The CcNAC genes were more closely related to the CcNAC genes and to those of other species than to any other. The CcNAC gene promoters contained several abiotic stress, growth and development, and hormone response elements. The results of the qRT-PCR showed that in leaves, the expression levels of the CcNAC058 and CcNAC092 genes were maximised under low salt stress. In roots, the expression of CcNAC007, CcNAC033, CcNAC058 and CcNAC092 genes increased with increasing salt concentration.【Conclusion】The NAC gene family may be involved in the process of salt stress response during the growth and development of C. camphora. The CcNAC092 and CcNAC058 genes exhibite significant responses in both leaves and roots under salt stress. It is hypothesised that CcNAC058 and CcNAC092 are the key genes contributing to the ability of the CcNAC to produce self-defensive behaviours under salt stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of University Chemistry is the property of Peking University, College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Plastics / Zhongguo Suliao is the property of Journal Office of CHINA PLASTICS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Biotechnology (2095-2341) is the property of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The pelican optimization algorithm (POA) has some defects, such as slow convergence speed, poor population diversity, and premature. To overcome these shortcomings, an improved algorithm was propped. The improved algorithm was proposed incorporating 3D spiral flight and a hybrid backward learning strategy. Firstly, the Gauss mapping was used to initialize the population to improve the population diversity. Secondly, the three-dimensional spiral flight and the hybrid optimal-worst backward learning strategy were used to strengthen the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum. Finally, the adaptive balance factor and adaptive step size were introduced to propose a pelican falling strategy to simulate the small changes. In the Finally, IPOA was tested by 12 benchmark functions and actual cases and compared with 8 bionic algorithms. Test results and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test results showing that IPOA has improved convergence accuracy and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chemical Engineering (China) / Huaxue Gongcheng is the property of Hualu Engineering Science & Technology Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Biochar can be expected to improve soil quality, environmental pollution stress, greenhouse effect, and soil remediation, due to its high stability and carbon content. A series of influencing factors can also be found in the properties of biochar, such as the raw materials, temperature, and atmosphere. Among them, the pyrolysis atmosphere and temperature have been two of the most important parameters to dominate the final yield, surface functional groups, and pore structure properties of biochar. The commonly-used high temperature and slow pyrolysis have limited the promotion and application in the process of biochar preparation. Fortunately, the low-temperature oxygen-limited pyrolysis has been developed for cost saving, high yield, and greenhouse gas reduction. The more complex structure and acidic groups can also provide more ion adsorption sites for the pollutants. In addition, the environmental application of biochar is also confined by oxidation, temperature, and humidity differences, and light factors, leading to the varying specific surface area, functional group content, and surface structure properties. The natural aging of biochar in the environment cannot fully meet the large-scale production in recent years. Particularly, the efficacy and possible chemical changes cannot be accurately predicted in a short time during long-term natural aging. This study aims to clarify the aging performance of biochar and its ability to absorb heavy metals under different natural environmental conditions (redox, rainfall, and sunlight). Two types of the original wheat biochars were pyrolyzed at 200°C−O2 and 500°C−N2 aged by chemical oxidation, dry-wet cycles, and finally the UV light oxidation to simulate the aging process of biochar in the natural environment. The physicochemical properties and cadmium (Cd) adsorption capacity of the aged biochar were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area analysis (SSA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results showed that there were significantly different properties of biochar that were prepared at different temperatures and atmospheres. Specifically, the low-temperature biochar contained the more oxygen-containing functional groups, whereas, the pore structure was developed to increase the specific surface area of the biochar after the high-temperature pyrolysis. The more seriously rupturing pore structures also increased the specific surface area of aged biochar, compared with the original ones. The specific surface area of lowtemperature biochar after dry-wet cycles increased by 0.85 times. By contrast, the specific surface area of the low- and hightemperature biochar after chemical oxidation increased by 8.81 and 0.37 times, respectively. The aging process reduced the types of functional groups. There was also a variation in the number of oxygen-containing functional groups. Particularly, chemical oxidation promoted the number of oxygen-containing functional groups, such as the carboxyl and lactone groups, whereas, the wet-dry cycles and UV light aging reduced the number of oxygen-containing functional groups. In addition, TG analysis showed that the chemical oxidation decreased the thermal stability of low-temperature biochar, while the thermal stability of high-temperature biochar increased after all aging processes. The adsorption capacity for the Cd2+ of aged biochar increased by 498.95%-799.36%, 436.10%-768.43%, and 35.53%-128.10%, respectively, after chemical oxidation, UV light oxidation, and dry-wet cycles. Therefore, it is highly required to fully consider the environmental parameters, material properties, and targeted pollutants in the applications of biochar technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The YABBY gene family plays an important role in the growth and development of lateral organs such as leaves, flower organs, and fruits. To clarify the basic characteristics of Euscaphis konishii YABBY gene family members, this study used bioinformatics methods to identify and functionally analyze the YABBY gene family of E. konishii. Nine YABBY genes were identified in E. konishi, which were unevenly distributed on five chromosomes. The genes were divided into FIL/YAB3, INO, YAB2, YABS and CRC subfamilies based on a phylogenetic analysis. Most of the genes had eight introns. The predominant amplification mode of E. konishi YABBY gene family is fragment replication. The expression of E. konishii YABBY gene family was tissue-specific. EkYABBY3, ELYABBY7, and EkYABBY8 were highly expressed in embryos, pistils, and stamens, respectively. EkYABBY9 was lowly expressed in buds, petals, and sepals, and highly expressed in other tissues. There are several abiotic stress response and hormone response elements at 2 000 bp of the YABBY gene promoter, such as light and gibberellin response elements. E. konishii seed germination rate is low and the seeds show deep dormancy. Studies have found that INO and YAB2 genes play an important role in seed development, and the results of this study provide a scientific basis for further studying the biological function of the YABBY gene family in the development of E. konishii seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Guangdong Agricultural Sciences is the property of South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electroplating & Finishing is the property of Electroplating & Finishing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A methyl trioctyl ammonium chloride( N263 )-tributyl phosphate( TBP)-1-octanol-sulfonated paraffin synergistic extraction system was used to enrich and recover valuable metals from gold mine cyanide wastewater. The effects of the concentrations of N263 and TBP 'oscillation time, initial pH of the aqueous phase, compared to(0/A) on the extraction rate of copper-cyanide complex ions and the synergistic extraction reaction mechanism were investigated. It was shown that the single-stage extraction rate of copper ions in wastewater could reach 98. 9% with a saturation extraction capacity of 19 576 mg/L using the N263 ( 20 vol%)-TBP ( 15 vol%)-octanol ( 10 vol%)- sulphonated paraffin system at room temperature, 0/A of 1 : 1, pH value of 10 and a mixing time of 5 min. The saturation loading the organic phase was reverse extracted by 1 mol/L Na0H+ 5 mol/L NaSCN solution, and the concentration of Cu ions in the single-stage reverse extract solution could reach 23 000 mg/L under the condition of 2 : 1 compared to ( 0/A ), which achieved the effective enrichment of Cu-cyanide complex ions in the wastewater. During the extraction process, the Cu-cyanide complex ions are preferentially bound to TBP and thus lose their hydrophilicity, followed by ionic association with N263 cations into the organic phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Application Research of Computers / Jisuanji Yingyong Yanjiu is the property of Application Research of Computers Edition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Guihaia is the property of Guihaia Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To study the value of Neutrophil to lymphocyte rate (NLR) in elderly patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in emergency department. Methods: 130 elderly patients with CAP were selected in the emergency observation room of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2018 to october 2019. After admission,they were given blood routine examination, C reactive protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT), blood gas analysis, biochemical test, chest x-ray and sputum culture, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) was performed.72 hours after admission, blood routine examination and PCT were performed again, the differences of NLR and PCT between the two groups were compared.28 days follow-up, the patients were divided into death group and survival group according to the clinical outcome of the elderly patients with CAP. WBC, NLR, CRP, PCT and APACHE II scores were compared between the two groups, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) to predict death of NLR, PCT and APACHE II were compared. Results: The levels of serum CRP, NLR, PCT and APACHE II scores in the death group were sig- nificantly higher than those in the survival group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in WBC between the two groups (P=0. 341). The AUC of APACHE II predicting the death of elderly CAP patients was 0.741 (95%CI : 0.647~0.836), the AUC of PCT predicting the death of elderly CAP patients was 0.723 (95% CI: 0.610~0.835), the AUC of NLR predicting the death of elderly CAP patients was 0.709 (95%CI: 0.602~0.815). The AUC of predicting the death was no significant difference between NLR and PCT or APACHE II (P=0.848,0.662); There was no significant change in NLR and PCT in the death group 72 hours after admission (P>0.05), while NLR and PCT in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the admission (P<0.01). Conclusion: The predictive value of NLR in e- valuating the prognosis of elderly patients with CAP is similar to that of PCT and APACHE II scores in emergency department. The continuous high NLR level indicates that the prognosis of elderly patients with CAP is poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and maintenance effect of scalp acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine on the tic symptoms (TS) and TCM syndromes of multiple tic syndrome. Methods A total of 120 children with TS were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into scalp acupuncture group, traditional Chinese medicine group and combined acupuncture and medicine group, with 40 cases in each group. Each group was given corresponding treatment, 4 weeks as a course of treatment, a total of 3 courses of treatment, followed up 3 months later. The Yale Comprehensive Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and TCM symptom score scores of each group before treatment, 4 and 12 weeks after treatment, and follow-up were compared. A correlation analysis was carried out on the efficacy and long-term efficacy of each group. Results The effective rates of treatment for 12 weeks in the scalp acupuncture group, Chinese medicine group, and acupuncture combined group were 60.52%, 65.71%, and 58.33%, respectively, and the effective rates of follow-up after 3 months were 84.21%,77.14%, and 83.33%.The YGTSS scores of the three groups after 4 weeks of treatment,12 weeks of treatment, follow-up after 3 months were all lower than before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). There were statistically significant differences between the YGTSS scores of the 3 groups after 12 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks of treatment, follow-up after 3 months (P < 0.01). The scores of TCM syndromes in the scalp acupuncture group and the combination of acupuncture and medicine group after 4 weeks of treatment,12 weeks of treatment, and follow-up after 3 months were lower than before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). The scores of TCM syndromes in the traditional Chinese medicine group after 4 weeks of treatment,12 weeks of treatment, and follow-up after 3 months were lower than before treatment and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the TCM syndrome scores of the TCM group after follow-up after 3 months and 12 weeks of treatment (P >0.05). Conclusion Scalp acupuncture, traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture combined treatment can effectively improve the abnormal tics and TCM syndromes children with TS. The treatment effect is durable and can grow over time. The effects of the three methods are equivalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agronomica Sinica is the property of Crop Science Society of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oil Drilling & Production Technology / Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi is the property of Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi Bianjibu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oil Drilling & Production Technology / Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi is the property of Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi Bianjibu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The maximum tangential strain (MTSN) criterion proposed in the past under mixed mode Ⅰ/Ⅱ loading was extended to spatial cracks. The effects of the Poisson's ratio on the in-plane and out-of-plane fracture angles and on the fracture envelopes were detailedly discussed for mixed mode cracks. It is shown that the Poisson's ratio has little effect on the out-of-plane fracture angles for mixed mode Ⅰ/Ⅲ cracks. For mixed modes Ⅱ/Ⅲ and Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ cracks, a higher value of the Poisson's ratio would bring a smaller value of in-plane fracture angle θf but a bigger value of out-of-plane fracture angle φf. It is also shown that the fracture envelope decreases with the Poisson's ratio for mixed mode cracks. The influence of the Poisson's ratio on the fracture envelope is greater than that on the in-plane fracture angle and is the least on the out-of-plane fracture angle. The theoretical results fit the experimental data well, so the extended MTSN criterion can predict spatial fracture satisfactorily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)