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目的基于多组学技术，探讨地塞米松（Dex）能否通过调节肠道菌群及代谢物治疗肺炎。方法将18只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机均分为对照（Control）组、模型（Model）组和地塞米松（Dex）组，每组6只，除Control组外，余下两组持续使用4 mg/kg的脂多糖（LPS）腹腔注射7 d建立大鼠肺炎模型。然后Dex组给予2 mg/kg的Dex灌胃治疗12 d，余下两组均连续灌胃等量的无菌PBS缓冲液12 d。第19 d时收集大鼠的肺组织、血浆、粪便和肠道内容物。苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色和Bio-plex悬浮芯片系统评价Dex的药效。宏基因组测序和超高效液相色谱串联四极杆飞行时间高分辨率质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）技术分别测定大鼠的肠道菌群和代谢物。结果H&E染色结果显示Model组大鼠肺组织炎症细胞浸润增加，肺泡间隔增大，肺泡出血，给予Dex治疗后肺组织病变得以缓解。与Control组相比，Model组中的3种炎症因子TNF-α（P < 0.000 1）、IL-1α（P = 0.009 6）和IL-6（P < 0.000 1）含量升高，Dex治疗后能降低3种炎症因子水平。综上所述，Dex给药能有效的缓解肺炎大鼠的症状。宏基因组分析表明3组大鼠的肠道菌群结构改变，与Model组相比，Dex组厚壁菌门的相对丰度升高，厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比例增加，双歧杆菌科、毛螺菌科和乳酸杆菌科积累。多变量统计分析显示Model组和Dex组极大的分离，揭示代谢轮廓改变。此外，Model组与Dex组筛选出69个（P < 0.05）差异代谢物，包括Model组中上调的38个代谢物和Dex组上调的31个代谢物，这些差异代谢物主要参与了亚油酸代谢、色氨酸代谢和初级胆汁酸生物合成这3条代谢通路。结论我们证明了Dex对肺炎大鼠的有益作用，与此同时，宏基因组学联用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS非靶标代谢组学，揭示了Dex通过调节肠道菌群和宿主代谢物治疗LPS诱导的大鼠肺炎，本研究可能为Dex治疗大鼠肺炎的作用机制提供新见解。

This paper summarized the structured nursing plan for 54 patients with moisture-associated skin damage caused by ileostomy stoma chassis leakage. Based on the cause analysis of stoma chassis leakage, comprehensive nursing measures were carried out including preventive measures for skin damage, selecting ostomy products according to the evaluation of skin condition, evaluation of self-care ability, structured skin care nursing of moisture-associated skin damage, health education by ‘317 Nursing App’ and education pathway, regular follow-up. The comprehensive nursing interventions were carried out to improve the wound healing and prevention the moisture-associated skin damage. (本文总结54例回肠造口患者发生造口底盘渗漏导致造口周围潮湿相关性皮肤损伤的护理经验。护士评估造口底盘渗漏发生的原因, 进行皮肤预防性护理, 科学评估造口周围身体形态选择合适的造口产品, 评估护理角色维护造口的能力, 开展皮肤结构化护理, 并结合“317护APP及”专科造口路径化教育进行健康宣教, 做好定期跟踪, 通过全面的护理, 促进损伤皮肤的恢复, 并进一步预防相关性皮肤损伤的发生。)

1,3-二不饱和脂肪酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯（UPU）是指甘油骨架的sn-1、sn-3位连接不饱和脂肪酸、sn-2位连接棕榈酸的一类甘油三酯的总称，其在母乳脂肪中含量最高，可为婴儿提供更加均衡的脂肪酸和甘油三酯，对婴儿生长发育有特殊的生理功能。为对开发新型母乳结构脂肪提供理论支持，系统介绍了不同国家、地区母乳脂肪中3种sn-2棕榈酸甘油三酯UPU、UPS、SPS的含量，我国成熟期母乳中UPU的组成和含量，从降低婴儿粪便硬度、促进脂肪和矿物质吸收、保护肠道健康，提供更多种类、比例更稳定均衡的脂肪酸等方面，论述了UPU的功能作用及其消化和吸收特性，另外对比了市售营养强化剂OPO与母乳中UPU组成的差异，通过分析提出LC-MS方法更适合婴儿配方奶粉中OPO含量的测定。 1,3-Diunsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitin triacylglycerols (UPU) are the triacylglycerols that unsaturated fatty acids combined at sn-1 or 3 position, and palmitic acid located at the sn-2 position. UPU has the highest content in human milk fat, providing infant balanced fatty acids and triacylglycerols which are important for infant growth. In order to provide the scientific basis for the development of novel human milk fat substitutes, the contents of three sn-2 palmitate triglycerides UPU, UPS and SPS in human milk fat in different countries and regions, and the composition and contents of UPU in maturing human milk in China were systematically introduced, the function of UPU in terms of reducing fecal hardness, promoting fat and mineral absorption, protecting intestinal health of infants, providing a wider variety of fatty acids in a more stable and balanced ratio, and its digestive and absorption properties were discussed, and the differences in the composition of commercially available nutritional fortifier OPO and UPU in human milk were compared.The LC-MS method was proposed to be more suitable for the determination of OPO content in infant formula.

Objective To explore the relationship between the distributions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutional types of patients with mammary cancer and their anxiety and depression status. Methods A total of 507 patients with mammary cancer who were admitted and treated in Yunnan Cancer Hospital from July 2019 to July 2020 were selected. Baseline data were collected through questionnaires, and the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ) was used to identify their TCM constitutions. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used for assessing the anxiety and depression status of patients. Results Totally 398 patients with mammary cancer were screened. Most of the mammary cancer patients had normal constitution, 136(34. 17%) in total, followed by 80(20. 10%) cases with yang-deficiency constitution, 39(9. 80%) cases with yin-deficiency constitution and 38 (9. 55%)cases with qi depression constitution. There were 75(18. 84%) patients with depression and 89(22. 36%) patients with anxiety. Patients who had normal constitutional types were control group. Except for dampness-heat constitution and yang-deficiency constitution, the other six biased constitutions were all risk factors for the onset of depression. Among them, the top three are blood stasis constitution (OR=14. 71, P

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of ceftazidime concentration for targeted therapy, so as to provide reference for optimizing the dosing regimen of ceftazidime. METHODS: A retrospective study method was used to collect 247 cases data using ceftazidime with blood concentration monitoring from Jan. 2021 to Mar. 2023 in the hospital, the distribution and compliance of ceftazidime trough concentration were counted, the influencing factors of the compliance rate of ceftazidime trough concentration were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 247 patients included, the median trough concentration of ceftazidime was 16. 33 μg / mL, with a target value of trough concentration of 8 μg / mL, the compliance rate of trough concentration was 68. 83% (170 cases). Univariate analysis showed that age, administered dose and creatinine clearance rate had significant effects on whether ceftazidime trough concentration could reach the standard. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age and creatinine clearance rate were the influencing factors on whether ceftazidime blood concentrations could reach the standard. CONCLUSIONS: Ceftazidime has a low compliance rate of blood concentration for target therapy, blood concentration monitoring needs to be strengthened, and the dosing regimen of ceftazidime should be optimized in combination with patients’ age and creatinine clearance rate in order to improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the production of drug-resistant bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Concentrated Growth Factors (CGF) represent the third generation of platelet concentrates, a type of platelet-rich biomaterial extracted from the patient's own blood through a specific centrifugation process. CGF contains a high concentration of growth factors and cytokines. It has been shown to enhance wound healing, improve the survival rate of grafts, and stimulate tissue regeneration. In recent years, CGF has been extensively applied in various fields including oral surgery, plastic surgery, dermatology, and others. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the components, biological effects, and clinical applications of CGF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Image data was collected at the Pig Breeding Base in Fenxi County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province in July 2020. Nine 5-month-old fattening pigs were selected to raise in a closed pig house. Hikvision DS-2CD3345D-I model camera was used in a downward tilt angle of 60 degrees to collect data under incandescent light. This angle was utilized to obtain the rich behavioral features of pigs, in order to avoid large-scale occlusion, compared with the head-up and overhead views. In the process of data collection, the daily behavior videos of pigs were first repeatedly observed, and 185 video clips of pigs with aggressive behavior were extracted; Inter frame difference method was used to extract the key frames from these video clips. Slow pig movement and long rest time were removed as well. An improved YOLOX model was proposed to identify the typical attack behaviors of herd pigs, such as impact, ear biting, and tail biting. The high accuracy and effectiveness were achieved to reduce pig stacking and adhesion in complex pen environments. Firstly, a Normalization based Attention Module (NAM) was added to obtain the global information about the YOLOX neck; Secondly, the loss function IoU Loss in the YOLOX was replaced with the GIoU to improve the recognition accuracy; Finally, the real-time performance of the model was realized to enhance feature extraction and detection efficiency. Feature pyramid structure SPP was lightweight to SPPF. The experiment showed that the integrated NAM modules, GIoU Loss replacing, and SPPF feature pyramid structures in the original backbone network improved the average accuracy of the model by 2.50, 2.12, and 0.98 percentage points, respectively. The model with SPP feature pyramid structure reduced the parameter by 0.1 MB and improved the accuracy by 0.98 percentage points, indicating the minimum impact of the model parameter after the integrated NAM module. The average accuracy of the improved model increased from 90.77% to 97.57%, with an increase of 6.80 percentage points; The parameter quantity decreased from the highest 34.7 to 34.5 MB with a decrease of 0.2 MB. In addition, there was the continuous attack behavior of pigs in the low credibility of single-frame images. Two optimization indicators (proportion of attack activities (PAA) and proportion of attack behavior (PAB))were introduced to further confirm whether the attack behavior occurred. When the PAA and PAB thresholds were 0.2 and 0.4, respectively, the recognition accuracy (Accuracy) reached 98.55%. Video segments with frequent attacks were selected to verify the effectiveness of the optimization. Usually, PAA and PAB posed a significant impact on the recognition of pig aggressive behavior; If the threshold set was too small, it was easy to misjudge frames without attack behavior as having occurred; If the threshold set was too large, the frame without the attack was assumed as the occurrence. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOX model was achieved in the high-precision recognition of pig attack behavior by the integrated PAA and PAB. The finding can provide effective reference and technical support for the intelligent monitoring of herd health pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the dual demand problem of precise operation in a small range and unidirectional operation in a large range in industrial production, the parallel mechanism with two translation and one rotation（2T1R） outputs was studied. Firstly, a new type of parallel mechanism with two translations and one rotation was designed and analyzed by using the topology design method based on azimuth feature set. The topological design process of the mechanism was given, and main topological characteristics of the mechanism such as degrees of freedom were verified. Then, the kinematic modeling method based on topological features was used to establish the kinematic model for kinematic analysis, and the symbolic positional positive and negative solutions of the mechanism were studied. According to the positive and negative solutions of the mechanism, the reachable workspace of the mechanism, the velocity and acceleration curves of the middle point of the moving platform of the mechanism and three types of singular positions of the mechanism were studied respectively. Finally, the dynamic model was established and the dynamic analysis was carried out by using the sequential single open chain method based on the principle of virtual work, and the driving force required by the mechanism was studied. The results show that the relative error of the simulation curve and theoretical curve of the speed, acceleration and driving force of the parallel mechanism is less than 2%, and the kinematic and dynamic model of the mechanism is established correctly, which lays a foundation for the error analysis, trajectory planning and control of the mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Hypertension and bone metabolism have common point in physiological regulation. Certain kinds of anti-hypertensive drugs may also affect bone mineral density or reduce the risk of osteoporosis related fractures. Although the existing studies are not enough to determine which type of anti-hypertensive drugs are beneficial to the bone, most of the current studies support that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and beta-blockers improve bone mineral density or reduce the risk of fracture. Loop diuretics increase the risk of fracture. Thiazide diuretics and calcium channel blockers have conflicting conclusion. Based on the high prevalence of hypertension and the widespread use of anti-hypertensive drugs, it is important to explore the effects of different kinds of anti-hypertensive drugs on the bone. By summarizing the research on the correlation between different kinds of anti-hypertensive drugs and osteoporosis in recent years, we provide clinical evidence for selecting appropriate anti- hypertensive drugs for hypertensive patients in high-risk groups prone to osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The experiment was to investigate the effect of supplementation of deep-sea fish oil in basic diet on serum biochemical indexes, malondialdehyde content in yolk and sensory quality of egg of laying hens. A total of six hundred and seventy-two 198-day-old Hyline laying hens were randomly divided into six groups, with four replicates in each group and 28 hens in each replicate. Laying hens in experimental group Ⅰ (control group) were fed with basal diet, and laying hens in experimental group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ, group Ⅳ, group Ⅴ and group Ⅵ were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25%, 1.50% and 1.75% deep-sea fish oil, respectively. The pre-test lasted for 7 d and the formal test lasted for 42 d. The results showed that compared with control group, the content of TG, TC and LDL-C of laying hens in experimental groups were decreased, while HDL-C was increased. On the 7th, 14th and 42nd day, the content of MDA in egg yolk of experimental groups increased. On the 28th day of the experiment, MDA content in yolk of group Ⅲ and group Ⅴ decreased by 21.51% and 20.01% compared with control group, respectively (P>0.05). With the increase of experiment time, the content of MDA in egg yolk of all experimental groups showed a decreasing trend. Compared with control group, except for group Ⅵ, the tissue status, taste, color and overall sensory scores of eggs in experimental groups were increased, and the acceptability was improved, with the highest score of group Ⅳ, followed by group Ⅴ, which had a slight aversion to eggs in group Ⅵ. The experiment indicates that the optimum supplemental amount of fish oil in the basic diet of laying hens is 1.50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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