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由浙江、江苏、安徽和上海组成的长三角地区是国内经济发展高地，同时也是高碳排放区域。研究长三角地区细分行业碳效率特征及其影响因素，不仅对这一地区实现低碳发展目标具有重要意义，也对全国其他地区未来低碳发展具有较为重要的指导意义。利用固定效应随机前沿模型对2014至2019年三省一市37个行业进行了碳效率测算，并对各地区工业碳效率动态变化进行了分析；然后，基于随机前沿模型方法对碳效率影响因素进行了探究；最后，应用不同生产函数形式和去极端值的方式验证了本模型的稳健性。研究结果表明，长三角地区三省一市的高碳效率行业存在明显差异，且主要受行业专业化程度以及环境规制强度的影响，国有资产占比对碳效率的影响在安徽省显著。此外，提高专业化程度是持续推动碳效率水平提高的关键性因素，环境规制能快速推动部分行业提高碳效率，但是无法推动地区工业碳效率的长期进步。

阿尔茨海默病（AD）作为常见的中枢神经系统退行性疾病，早诊对其治疗非常重要。然而目前临床确诊需要进行有创的腰椎穿刺或昂贵的Aβ/Tau PET检查，导致早期诊断滞后。外周血因具有无创易获取、适于疾病追踪随访等优点，多年来研究一直努力在其中寻找AD的早期特异性生物标志物。但由于血液中脑源性蛋白的浓度较低，且易受到血浆基质蛋白的干扰，既往应用传统的酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对血液中AD相关蛋白检测的研究结果并不一致。近年来，一些超灵敏检测技术逐渐应用于AD血液蛋白标志物研究，有关结果表明血液中Aβ、p-Tau以及外泌体在AD的早期诊断、鉴别和预测等方面有潜在的应用价值。故本文对近5年来血液中AD蛋白标志物的研究进展进行综述，以提高对血液生物标志物在AD诊疗中的认识，并为其更好的早期应用于临床提供指导。

文章介绍了基于31.786Gbaud/s光收发模块实现的32×100Gbit/s信号速率、2 080km标准单模光纤的实时相干光传输试验,信号采用PM-QPSK（偏振复用四相相移键控）调制格式。信号光源为单个激光器产生的32路波分复用子光载波,频率间隔为32GHz,频谱效率达到3.11bit/s/Hz。信号传输2 080km后,采用20%的FEC（前向纠错）编码时,Q值仍有1.2dB的余量。此外,还研究了光滤波器带宽与OSNR（光信噪比）代价的关系。25h挂机试验结果显示,信号接收纠错前误码率在1E-2以下,表明该传输系统稳定可靠。该系统为国内首个单光源3.2 Tbit/s实时传输试验系统,对提升现有100Gbit/s商用光纤传输系统的传输效率有较大的指导意义。

文章重点分析了互联网边界网关协议（BGP）路由收敛问题,叙述了当前国际上对这个问题的几种解决方案,并指出了这几种解决方案所存在的问题。作者提出了自己的观点:BGP路由收敛问题与各路由器有不同的路由策略;各路由器BGP的数据更新时延不同;各链路连接失败和恢复的次序不同;路由更新消息的粒度与多方因素有关,应该找出一种综合的解决方法。

介绍了烽火通信研制的国内首套、具有完全知识产权的80×40 Gb it/s密集波分复用（DWDM）系统,该系统采用了低成本的非归零（NRZ）码,开发了分布拉曼放大、超强前向纠错（FEC）、子速率复用等多项技术,并在G.652光纤上进行了10×80 km的无电再生中继传输实验。实验结果表明,经过800 km传输后,光通道代价

文章从光传输系统中受激布里渊散射（SBS）效应产生的基本原理出发,分析了扰动对SBS效应抑制的理论基础。利用实验方法研究了10Gbit/s光传输系统在不同输入功率的情况下,通过叠加扰动对SBS效应的抑制效果,得到了最佳的扰动频率和扰动信号的调制幅度。

【目的】探讨成批烧伤病人的早期治疗措施及意义。【方法】回顾性分析 1998 年 3 月～ 2002 年 3 月收治四批烧伤病人共 81 人 (其中特重度烧伤 44 人)的临床资料,总结早期处理的意义。【结果】入院后全部紧急行静脉切开或股静脉穿刺建立快速有效静脉输液通道。 6 小时内行切痂减张,改善肢体血液循环及改善通气功能 9 人。一周内行大面积切(削)痂,大张异体皮覆盖自体微粒皮(或皮浆)植皮手术,关 节部位及手背深Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度烧伤,切(削)痂后用异体/异种脱细胞真皮支架加自体表皮修复创面。特重度烧伤病人死亡 3 人,均合并有重度吸 入性损伤, 6 人在休克纠正后转送其他医院,其余病人均痊愈出院。【结论】统筹安排人员和物资,火灾现场和运送途中及时建立快速有效静脉 输液通道、入院后及时预防性气管切开、焦痂切开减张、及早切(削)痂修复创面是抢救成批重度烧伤病人的关键。

利用子速率复用方案,研制了40Gbit/s密集波分复用系统的光转发单元,并进行了测试,测试结果表明该单元达到了设计要求。

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of disitamab vedotin （RC48） in the thirdline and above third-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Methods The clinical data of 30 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had previously failed to receive at least two systemic chemotherapy regimens from August 2020 to August 2022 in Nantong Tumor Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to different treatment regimens, they were divided into RC48 group （n = 15） and control group （chemotherapy/targeted/immune monotherapy） （n = 15）. The objective response rate （ORR）, disease control rate （DCR）, progression-free survival （PFS）, overall survival （OS） and treatment-related adverse reactions were observed in the two groups. Results The median follow-up time was 7.5 months. The ORR of RC48 group and control group was 20% vs. 0% （P = 0.224）, DCR was 53.3% vs. 20% （P = 0.128）, mPFS was 4 months vs. 3 months （P = 0.479）, mOS was 18 months vs. 5 months （P = 0.043）. In terms of safety, the most common adverse reactions in the RC48 group and the control group were leukopenia and neutropenia. The overall incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was comparable, and there were no fatal adverse events. Conclusion RC48 has a certain effect in the third-line and above third-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer, and patients are well tolerated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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OBJECTIVE: To probe int the interactions of pharmacokinetics between flavonoids and synephrine in fructus aurantii immaturus based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS / MS), so as to provide scientific basis for the introduction of flavonoids as a quality and quantitative control index of fructus aurantii immaturus. METHODS: A total of 24 SD rats were extracted to be randomly divided into six groups ( n = 4), group A was administrated with synephrine + six kinds of categories of flavonoids (neohesperidin, naringin, narirutin, hesperidin, nobiletin and rhoifolin), group B was administrated with synephrine alone, group C was administrated with synephrine + naringin, group D was administrated with synephrine + neohesperidin, group E was administrated with six categories of flavonoids alone, group F was administrated with an equal volume of 0. 9% NaCl solution, all administered by gavage. The plasma was taken at different time points after administration, the contents of naringin, neohesperidin and synephrine in plasma were determined, and DAS 2. 0 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. The blood concentration was determined by using UPLC-MS / MS method. RESULTS: Clearance rate of neohesperidin in group A was (9 337. 88±8 373. 94) L/ (h·kg), significantly higher than (2 558. 22±610. 87) L/ (h·kg) in group E, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). The distribution volume of neohesperidin in group A and group D were respectively (2 549. 72±1 381. 42) L / kg and (1 668. 41± 394. 73) L / kg, significantly lower than ( 23 388. 87 ± 6 089. 53) L / kg in group E, with statistically significant differences ( P < 0. 05). The mean detention time of synephrine in group A was ( 2. 50 ± 0. 63) h, in comparison with (1. 62±0. 11) h, (1. 70±0. 17) h and (1. 57±0. 08) h of groups B, C and D, the differences were all statistically significant ( P < 0. 05 ). CONCLUSIONS: Synephrine has great effect on the clearance rate and distribution of neohesperidin, and the flavonoids in fructus aurantii immaturus can prolong the mean detention time of synephrine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Kunming Medical University / Kunming Yike Daxue Xuebao is the property of Kunming Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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《糖尿病患者合并活动期夏科神经骨关节病变的诊断与治疗系统综述》 (以下称系统综 述)是形成国际糖尿病足工作组发布的 2023版《糖尿病患者合并活动期夏科神经骨关节病变的诊断 与治疗指南》的基础, 系统综述将符合入排标准的临床研究纳入, 从诊断 (皮温、影像学改变)、治疗 (减 压、药物和外科手术)、识别缓解 (皮温和影像学)和复发的预防四个角度以临床问题形式提出, 使用循 证医学证据进行回答。该文对其全文进行摘译与解读, 使读者可以更好地理解文章, 并为临床实践提 供指导和科学研究提供启发。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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AIM: To investigate the regulatory role of retinoid X receptor （RXR） in oxidative stress response of rat type II alveolar epithelial cells（ AECII） induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation（ HR）. METHODS: The AECII were divided into control （C） group, HR group, HR+solvent dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO） group （HD group）, HR+RXR agonist 9-cis-retinoic acid （9-RA） group （RA group）, and HR+RXR antagonist HX531 group （HX group）. Cell Counting Kit-8 （CCK-8） method was used to measure the cell viability. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of surfactant protein A （SP-A） and RXRα in AECII. Kits were detected to the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in cells. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of the cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein level of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of Nrf2 mRNA. RESULTS: Compared with C group, the cell viability and SOD activity in HR, HD, RA and HX groups were decreased significantly （P<0. 05）, the MDA content were increased significantly （P<0. 05）, the Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased significantly （P<0. 05 or P<0. 01）, and the immunofluorescence expression of RXRα was significantly increased （P<0. 01）. Compared with HR and HX groups, the cells in RA group showed significantly increased cell viability （P<0. 05）, increased SOD activity（ P<0. 05）, decreased MDA content （P<0. 05）, increased Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression levels （P<0. 01）, and significantly increased immunofluorescence expression of RXRα （P<0. 01）. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia/reoxygenation can aggravate the oxidative stress response of rat AECII, and RXR agonist intervention can alleviate HR-induced rat AECII injury by inhibiting oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]This experiment was based on the fertilizer yak as the research object, to explore different dietary concentrate to roughage ratio effect on the body metabolism of fattening yaks. It was expected to provide reference for the regulation and control of diet in Qinghai yaks in the process of large-scale, industrial and modern breeding. [Methods]15 yaks had been randomly divided into 3 groups. The yaks had been fed with different concentrates to roughage ratios(group A:concentrate:roughage=3:7, group B:concentrate:roughage=5:5, group C:concentrate:roughage=7:3). After regular feeding 90 days, these fasting yaks had been slaughtered during early morning. Then we collected the rumen fluid and the rumen epithelial tissue through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, gas chromatography, RT-qPCR, and Western blot test methods to explore the changes of the structure of rumen bacterial flora, rumen fermentation parameters and the expression of volatile fatty acid(VFA)transport vector in rumen epithelium of house fed fattening yak in diets with different concentrate crude ratio. [Results]The ratio of concentrate to roughage significantly affected the structure of rumen bacterial flora. The results showed that the ratio of concentrate to roughage had significant effects on Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Lentisphaerae and Tenericutes in rumen bacteria of yaks. The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes and Lentisphaerae significantly increased with the increase of the proportion of concentrate(P<0.05). The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Tenericutes significantly decreased(P<0.05). On the level of the genus, with the increase of concentrate proportion, the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, Christensenellaceae R7 group, Saccharofermentans, Succiniclasticum and Lachnoclostridium significantly increased(P<0.05). Ruminococcus and Bacteroides in group C had a relative abundance significantly lower than group A(P<0.05). Prevotella, Pseudobutyrivibrio and Treponema in group B and group C had a relative abundance significantly higher than group A(P<0.05). The rumen pH and VFA were significantly affected by different concentrate-to-forage ratio diets. With the increase of concentrate-to-forage ratio, the rumen pH value of yak decreased significantly(P<0.05). The concentration of propionic acid, valeric acid and total VFA significantly increased(P<0.05), while the concentration of acetic acid and acetic acid/propionic acid significantly decreased(P<0.05). The concentration of butyric acid and isobutyric acid in group C were significantly higher than those in group A and group B(P<0.05). The results showed that downregulated in adenoma gene(DRA), putative anion transporter 1 gene(PAT1), monocarboxylate transporter 1 gene(MCT1)and monocarboxylate transporter 4 gene(MCT4), which were involved in the absorption and transport of VFA in the rumen epithelium increased significantly in mRNA level with the increase of the proportion of dietary concentrate(P<0.05).The anion exchanger 2 gene(AE2)significantly decreased(P<0.05). And the protein levels were consistent with mRNA. With the increase of the proportion of concentrate and roughage in the diet, the production performance of yaks, including the average daily gain, feed conversion ration and slaughter percentage also increased. And there was a significant difference among them(P<0.05). [Conclusions]High-concentrate diet could increase the relative abundance of non-cellulolytic bacteria in rumen of yak, and rapidly convert a large amount of energy feed and protein feed into VFA, which could provide energy for the body. VFA transporters in rumen epithelial cells are activated to increase their expression, and VFA transporters into the blood to enhance the lipid metabolism substrate, achieving the effect of rapid fattening ultimately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND: Segmental bone defects are prone to non-unions, and its treatment is a formidable clinical challenge. Additionally, the aging population and prevalence of osteoporosis-related fractures make it urgent to further explore a novel strategy to induce osteogenesis in this special population with limited bone generation ability. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the novel strategy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-loaded platelet-rich plasma combined with extracorporeal shock wave in reconstruction of segmental bone defects in osteoporosis. METHODS: The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells pretreated by extracorporeal shock wave were co-cultured with platelet-rich plasma and the cell biocompatibility was tested by CCK-8 and live-death staining. Osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining, and RT-PCR detection. New-Zealand rabbit models of osteoporosis were established and segmental bone defects of the radius were prepared. The combined treatment strategy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-loaded platelet-rich plasma implantation and extracorporeal shock wave was used. The bone regeneration of radius samples was analyzed by Micro-CT and histological evaluation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In vitro, platelet-rich plasma combined with extracorporeal shock wave significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and migration, as well as induced osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by upregulating the deposition of calcium nodule, and expression of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2) and osteocalcin. (2) In vivo, Micro-CT analysis and histological evaluation indicated this combination strategy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-loaded plateletrich plasma implantation combined with extracorporeal shock wave significantly enhanced bone regeneration in osteoporotic segmental bone defects. (3) The results indicated that this novel strategy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-loaded platelet-rich plasma implantation combined with extracorporeal shock wave could improve the poor osteogenic microenvironment associated with osteoporosis and show the potential for enhancing healing in segmental bone defects with osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction between acetone and iodine is a typical dynamic experiment. However, students are often troubled by the failure to record sufficient experimental data. Here, a fading reaction system was introduced based on the oxidation of Evans blue by potassium bromate in the presence of sodium nitrite. The reaction was a first-order reaction for both Evans blue and bromate, while nitrite exhibited a significant catalytic effect. Based on the apparent rate constants in the absence and presence of nitrite under different temperatures, the apparent activation energy was calculated. For students, the proposed experiment helps them acquire a deeper understanding of relevant chemical kinetics knowledge and develop comprehensive experimental ability. In addition, it is also an ideal substitute for the basic experiment, i.e., the reaction between acetone and iodine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the molecular mechanism of chrysanthemum rhizome formation, we performed transcriptome analysis of eight tissues(RH: rhizome apical; RT: middle of rhizome; RB: bottle of rhizome; SA: shoot apical; L: leaf; S: shoot; R: root; F: ray floret)of chrysanthemum. Approximately 159.51 gigabase(GB)paired-end clean reads were obtained and assembled into 100 235 Unigenes. Among these Unigenes, 64 956(64.80%)were annotated in seven public protein databases. In order to find the key genes of rhizome development, the highly expressed genes in the rhizome tip and rhizome were screened by weighted correlation network analysis(WGCNA), K-means and screening differential genes based on Venn. Finally, a total of 20 highly expressed genes in the rhizome tip and 36 highly expressed genes in the rhizome were obtained. These genes include a large number of genes related to plant abiotic stress, the ABA metabolic gene. In addition, the phytochrome gene PHYB, the UV-B photoreception gene UVR8, and the photoperiod core transcription factors were also uncovered, six differentially expressed genes were selected for RT-qPCR analysis, and the results were consistent with RNA-seq data, verifying the validity of RNA-seq data. And these differentially expressed genes were also expressed differentially in the rhizomes of chrysanthemum strain‘2005042’. Taken above together, the formation and development of chrysanthemum rhizomes may be affected by plant hormones including abscisic acid and photoperiod. This study provides important clues to further explore the molecular mechanism of the development of chrysanthemum rhizomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]