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对福建省某地送检的自然死亡黑水鸡(Gallinula chloropus)进行临床尸检,在消化道内发现吸虫寄生现象,记录临床消化道症状和虫体外观形态,采用病理组织学方法对病变的肠、心和肝等部位剖检,并对分离获得的棘口吸虫(Echinostoma sp.)进行分子生物学鉴定。结合相关文献资料,发现病理组织存在不同程度的炎性变化; 扩增虫体基因拼接后ITS片段大小为744 bp,通过分子同源性比对,本次分离的虫株最接近于E.trivolvis(GQ463127.1),同源性为92.90%。本案例为黑水鸡消化道吸虫病的临床诊断提供了资料,为黑水鸡的人工繁育和吸虫致病原的分类提供了分子生物学方面的参考。

本文探讨无症状性颈内动脉狭窄（asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis，aCAS）或无症状性颅内动脉狭窄（asymptomatic intracranial artery stenosis，aICAS）的优化筛查策略，以及基于分子标志物和影像学的精准预防策略。aCAS的患病率为1.5%，其风险评分有助于aCAS的筛查。aICAS患病率为6.9%～12.8%，与研究人群和筛查方法的不同有关。对于aCAS或aICAS患者，动脉管腔的狭窄程度和管壁的稳定性与卒中风险相关。新近的研究显示，动脉粥样硬化斑块内出血可增加卒中和冠心病的发病风险。aCAS或aICAS降低脑血流、脑灌注，增加1～3倍的痴呆或认知障碍风险。对于aCAS患者，随着药物治疗的优化和进展，颈动脉内膜剥脱术或颈动脉支架置入术治疗的相对获益需要再评价，选择合适的患者和减少手术并发症非常关键。对于aICAS患者，特别是严重狭窄或多发狭窄、进展性颅内动脉粥样硬化疾病、aICAS远端供血区域存在静止性脑梗死的患者，抗血小板和他汀类药物治疗可能获益，但需权衡出血和其他风险。 Abstract: To discuss the optimizing strategy in screening for the asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (aCAS) or asymptomatic intracranial artery stenosis (aICAS) and the precise strategy in prevention for stroke based on the biomarkers and the imaging manifestations. The prevalence of aCAS was about 1.5% and the risk scores of aCAS were helpfull in the screening. The prevalence of aICAS was 6.9%～12.8%, according to the different study population and the screening tools. In patients with aCAS or aICAS, the severity of the vascular stenosis and the stability of the tube wall will affect the risk for stroke. Intraplaque hemorrhage was proved to increase the risk of incidence in stroke or coronary heart disease in the recent study. The cerebral blood flow and the cerebral perfusion decreased in the patients with aCAS or aICAS, which increased the risk of dementia or cognitive impairment with one to three times. Whether the patients with aCAS will benefit from carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) need reevaluation as the drug therapy has made great progress. It play an important role to select a suitable patient and to reduce the complication of operation when making decisions. For the patients with aICAS, especially those with severe stenosis or multiple stenosis, progressive intracranial atherosclerosis disease, silent brain infarction within the brain territory distal to the aICAS, antiplatelet therapy and statins could be beneficial, with the consideration of cerebral hemorraghe or other adverse effects.

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An agrivoltaic system has been one of the most promising potential sources of clean energy power in green agriculture. Some guidelines have been released to fully meet the requirement of the photovoltaic (PV) modules in agricultural projects. Particularly, it is the high demand for land utilization and mechanization of agricultural production in agrivoltaic systems, such as in Jiangsu and Yunnan provinces in China. Among them, the minimum installation height of PV modules has been standardized to maintain a specific tilt angle. However, the "prioritizing light over agriculture" can often occur during actual production. A large number of PV panels are typically installed on agricultural land in order to ensure the PV power generation in agrivoltaic projects. Furthermore, these PV panels can block the sunlight to form a considerable shading area on agricultural land during the day. This study aims to investigate the effects of shading from PV modules on the internal light environment, shading width, crop yield, and leaf photosynthetic characteristics in the agrivoltaic system. A series of tests were conducted on the agrivoltaic systems at the module installation heights (the vertical distance from the ground to the lower edge of the PV module) of 2.5, 3.2, and 3.9 m in Nanjing City. A systematic measurement was performed on the solar radiation intensity of the planting area under and between the panels inside the PV agricultural system. A quantitative analysis was implemented to calculate the annual variation patterns of the shading width formed by the PV panels. Additionally, there were significant differences in the yield and leaf photosynthetic characteristics of figs (Ficus carica L.) in the planted areas between the modules. The results indicated that the daylighting rate in the planted areas between the panels ranged from 55.4% to 68.9% during the testing period, which was 2.1 to 3.3 times that of the area under the panels. Specifically, the daylighting rate in the areas between the panels decreased at the three heights of PV module installation as the installation height increased, while the area under the panels showed the opposite trend. The shading width caused by the PV modules also increased with latitude and installation height throughout the entire growth period of the figs. Shading from the PV panels led to a reduction in average yield across treatments compared to the CK control, ranging from 19.9% to 48.9%. Additionally, the photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves effectively reflected the yield differences among treatments. A lower installation height of the PV panels can significantly enhance the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of fig leaves, thereby alleviating the photosynthetic suppression caused by shading. In summary, compared to agrivoltaic systems with panel heights of 3.2 m and 3.9 m, the system with a panel height of 2.5 m offered a better internal light environment and shorter shading width, effectively reducing the decline in fig yield and demonstrating practical value for photovoltaic agricultural projects in various regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Carbon stock is one of the most important components of terrestrial ecosystems. It is of great significance for the spatial and temporal distribution and driving mechanisms in the regional sustainable agriculture. Existing studies have focused mainly on the historical and current carbon stocks. But it is still lacking on the future carbon stocks, especially under multiple scenarios of land use. In this study, MOP-PLUS coupled model was constructed to quantitatively predict the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of land use under four scenarios, namely, the Natural Development Scenarios (NDS), Ecological Protection Scenarios (EPS), Economic Development Scenarios (EDS), and Sustainable Development Scenarios (SDS) of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration (CYUA). The carbon stock was then simulated and assessed using Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST). The spatial and temporal evolution of carbon stock was characterized using visualization mapping. Finally, the Optimal Parameters Geographical Detector (OPGD) was used to explore the driving mechanism for the spatial differentiation of carbon stocks. The results show that: 1) The carbon stock lost 1. 95×107t cumulatively from 2000 to 2020, particularly the serious from 2010 to 2020, due to the accelerated urbanization; Furthermore, the grassland shared the highest loss of carbon stock among different types of land use; 2) There was the continuous growth trend of construction land in all four scenarios, whereas, the carbon stock decreased in the future scenario. Among them, the ecological protection scenario showed the smallest decrease in the carbon stock, with a decrease of 2. 84×106 t, whereas, the economic development scenario showed the largest decrease, with a decrease of 1. 678×107 t. There were the similar spatial distributions of carbon stock under the four scenarios. The high-value areas were concentrated mainly in the western and southern parts of the study area, whereas, the low-value areas were located mainly in the central; 3) Carbon stock was driven by a variety of influencing factors, such as the normalized vegetative cover. Among them, the Normalized Vegetation Index and the Nighttime Lighting Index were the dominant factors in the spatial variability of carbon stock, while the natural and social factors shared the different degrees of influence on the spatial variability of carbon stock, and human activities played a crucial role in carbon stock changes. The finding can provide a theoretical basis for the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the sustainable development of the urban agglomeration in central Yunnan of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Natural Disasters is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Lubrication Engineering (0254-0150) is the property of Editorial Office of LUBRICATION ENGINEERING and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objective: This study was to investigate the influence factors of different doses of agatroban combined with butylphthalein on the effect and prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 90 cases of emergency acute cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to August 2022 were studied, and they were divided into a high-dose group (receiving high-dose agattriban combined with butylphthalide) and a low-dose group (receiving low-dose agattriban combined with butylphthalide) with 45 cases in each group by random number table method. The clinical efficacy and prognosis of the two groups after 7 days of treatment were compared, and the neurological function [Chinese Stroke Scale (CSS) score and neurological function (NIHSS) score] of the two groups were analyzed before treatment and after 7 days of treatment. Patients were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group according to different prognosis. Single/multifactor Logisitic regression was used to analyze the prognostic factors of acute cerebral infarction. Results: (1) The clinical efficacy of the two groups was included in the study and the difference between the groups was compared. The results showed that the total effective rate of the high-dose group was higher than that of the low-dose group (P<0.05). (2) The neurological function of the two groups was evaluated by CSS score and NIHSS score, and the difference between the two groups was compared. The results showed that before treatment, CSS score and NIHSS score were compared between the two groups (P>0.05). After 7 days of treatment, the CSS score and NIHSS score in the high-dose group were higher than those in the low-dose group (P<0.05). (3) The prognosis of the two groups was included in the study using mRS Score assessment and the difference between the groups was compared. The results showed that the good prognosis of the high-dose group was 2.22% (1/45) higher than that of the low-dose group, 15.56% (7/45) (P<0.05). (4) Age of patients with good prognosis, pre-treatment CSS score and pre-treatment NIHSS score were different from the poor prognosis group (P<0.05). (5) With the prognosis of acute cerebral infarction as the dependent variable and the indicators with differences in the single factor as the independent variable, the factors affecting the prognosis of acute cerebral infarction were CSS score before treatment and NIHSS score before treatment by multifactor Logisitic regression analysis. Conclusion: High-dose agatroban combined with butylphthalide can effectively treat patients with acute cerebral infarction, and the prognostic factors of acute cerebral infarction are CSS score before treatment and NIHSS score before treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Andrographolide is the main active ingredient of Andrographis paniculata, which has the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, protecting liver and improving gallbladder. It is clinically used to treat pneumonia in children and upper respiratory tract infection. In recent years, because of the influence of environmental factors for a long time, not high purity and good varieties of selective breeding work lag and so on reasons, greatly restricted the quality improvement of andrographolide. In the quality evaluation of A. paniculata, the content of andrographolide is a very important index. Analyzing the molecular mechanism and accumulation rule of andrographolide biosynthesis is helpful to improve the quality of A. paniculata. In this review, the biosynthetic pathways and regulatory molecular mechanisms of andrographolide are comprehensively discussed. The biosynthesis of andrographolide is mainly divided into two stages, including the synthesis stage of andrographolide precursor and the modification stage of andrographolide synthesis. The synthesis of precursor has been relatively clear, but the mining of the pathways and key enzymes in the modification stage of andrographolide synthesis is still at a blank, and further research is needed. Through the excavation of the key factors affecting the synthesis and accumulation of andrographolide from the two levels of environmental factors and cropping systems, it is conducive to the establishment of a perfect and high-quality A. paniculata cultivation system. In addition, the research progress on the regulation of andrographolide biosynthesis was summarized and prospected, in order to provide research reference for the improvement of A. paniculata quality [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)