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旨在为风味香榧籽油的开发提供理论支持，考察了不同加工工艺（烘烤温度和压榨工艺）对香榧籽油理化指标的影响，并采用电子鼻、顶空固相微萃取-气质联用（HS-SPME-GC-MS/MS）等技术研究不同烘烤温度（140、150、160、170、180 ℃）和压榨工艺（螺杆压榨和液压压榨）对香榧籽油中挥发性物质组成的影响。结果表明：烘烤温度和压榨工艺对香榧籽油酸值影响较小，随烘烤温度的升高，螺杆压榨和液压压榨对香榧籽油过氧化值的影响不同，但不同烘烤温度和压榨工艺条件下制取的香榧籽油酸值和过氧化值均符合GB 2716—2018中的要求；电子鼻分析表明氮氧化合物、硫化物、芳香成分、甲基类物质对香榧籽油风味的影响较大；液压压榨和螺杆压榨香榧籽油风味最浓郁的烘烤温度分别为140 ℃和170 ℃；香榧籽油中共检出挥发性物质7类42种，其中萜烯类物质占主导；不同温度烘烤后液压压榨制取的香榧籽油中共有5种挥发性物质的相对含量发生显著变化，而螺杆压榨制取的香榧籽油中有18种挥发性物质的相对含量发生显著变化，柏木脑和香芹酮为两种压榨工艺共有的相对含量发生显著变化的物质。综上，压榨工艺会影响香榧籽油达到浓郁风味所需要的热风烘烤条件，且螺杆压榨相较于液压压榨，其风味物质种类变化更加丰富。Aiming to provide theoretical support for the development of flavour Torreya seed oil, the effects of different processing techniques (roasting temperature and pressing process) on the physicochemical indexes of Torreya seed oil were investigated, and the effects of different roasting temperatures (140, 150, 160, 170, 180 ℃) and pressing processes (screw press and hydraulic press) on the composition of volatile substances in Torreya seed oil were studied by using the techniques of electronic nose and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS/MS).The results showed that the roasting temperature and pressing process had less influence on the acid value of Torreya seed oil; with the increase of roasting temperature, screw pressing and hydraulic pressing had different influences on the peroxide value of Torreya seed oil; however, the acid value and peroxide value of the Torreya seed oil produced under different conditions of roasting temperature and pressing process complied with the requirements of GB 2716-2018; the electronic nose analysis reflected the greater influence of nitrogen oxides, sulfides, aromatic components, and methyl groups on the flavour; the roasting temperatures for achieving the most intense flavour in the two pressing methods, hydraulic press and screw press, were 140 ℃ and 170 ℃, respectively; a total of 42 volatile substances were detected in Torreya seed oil in 7 categories, of which terpenes were dominant; the content of 5 volatile substances changed significantly in hydraulically pressed Torreya seed oil and 18 in screw pressed Torreya seed oil after roasting at different temperatures, and cedrol and carvone were common in the two pressing processes. In conclusion, the pressing process affects the hot air roasting conditions required to achieve a strong flavour in Torreya seed oil, and the screw pressing results in a richer variety of flavour substances compared with hydraulic pressing.

芝麻油可能含有杂环胺9H-吡啶并\[3,4-b\]吲哚（norharman）和1-甲基-9H-吡啶并\[3,4-b\]吲哚（harman），为了有效检测芝麻油中杂环胺含量，建立了一种高效液相色谱-荧光检测法（HPLC-FLD），并对不同产地芝麻所制芝麻油中杂环胺含量进行对比。结果表明：所建立的HPLC-FLD能在15 min内实现对芝麻油中杂环胺的测定；在相同炒籽条件下，不同产地芝麻所制芝麻油中杂环胺含量有显著差异（p

为了确定高芝麻酚芝麻油的最适微波预处理条件，将芝麻水分含量调节为5个梯度，在不同微波预处理时间下制得芝麻油样品，对其芝麻木酚素含量、酸值、茴香胺值、氧化诱导时间、脂肪酸组成、生育酚含量、有害物质（多环芳烃和杂环胺）含量及感官品质进行了分析，探究芝麻水分含量和微波预处理时间对芝麻油中芝麻木酚素含量及油脂品质的影响。结果表明：微波预处理时间6 min、芝麻水分含量7%条件下制得的芝麻油芝麻酚含量较高，芝麻油酸值符合国家标准限定要求，氧化稳定性较强，有害物质杂环胺和多环芳烃含量处于适当的可控水平，同时兼顾了芝麻油的固有风味，消费者的喜爱度较高。综上，高芝麻酚芝麻油的最适微波预处理条件为微波预处理时间6 min，芝麻水分含量7%。To determine the optimal conditions of microwave pretreatment for sesamol-riched sesame oils, the moisture content of sesame seeds was adjusted to five gradients and sesame oil samples were produced under different microwave pretreatment time, and the sesame lignan content, acid value, anisidine value, oxidation induction time, fatty acid composition, tocopherol content, harmful substances (heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) content and sensory quality of the oil were analyzed to investigate the effects of sesame seed moisture content and microwave pretreatment time on the sesame lignan content and quality of sesame oil. The results showed that when the microwave time was 6 min and the moisture content of sesame seeds was 7%, the sesame oil produced had a high sesamol content, its acid value met the limited requirements of the national standards, the oxidative stability was strong, and the content of harmful substances including heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was at an appropriate and controllable level. In addition, taking into account the inherent flavor of sesame oil, it was highly accepted by consumers. In summary, the optimal microwave pretreatment conditions for high sesamol sesame oil are microwave time 6 min and moisture content of sesame seeds 7%.

BACKGROUND: Lumbar facet arthritis is one of the main causes of low back pain. At present, MRI is mainly used for preliminary diagnosis, and there is still a certain probability of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Therefore, MR T2* mapping imaging technology is expected to become an important means of quantitative detection of cartilage damage in lumbar facet arthritis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application value of MR T2* mapping imaging technique in quantitative analysis of cartilage damage and degeneration of lumbar facet joint. METHODS: A total of 110 outpatient or inpatient patients with low back pain in Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2020 to March 2022 were collected and set as case group. At the same time, 80 asymptomatic volunteers were recruited as the control group. T2* mapping transectal images and T2WI images were obtained by 3.0T MR Scanning for the facet joints of all included subjects L1-S1. Weishaupt grading and T2* value measurement were performed for all facet joint cartilage, and the data were collected for parallel statistical analysis. The comparison of T2* values of facet joint cartilage between different articular Weishaupt grades was performed by one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Statistical analysis found that the T2* value of lumbar facet joint cartilage in the case group (17.6±1.5) ms was significantly lower than that in the control group (21.4±1.3) ms (P < 0.05). (2) In the case group, with the hierarchical increase of lumbar facet joint Weishaupt, the T2* value of facet joint cartilage also showed a gradual decreasing trend, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (3) It is concluded that T2* mapping can better display the early pathological changes of lumbar facet joint cartilage injury, and T2* value of lumbar facet joint cartilage can quantitatively evaluate the degree of lumbar facet joint cartilage injury. T2* mapping imaging technique can provide a good theoretical basis for the imaging diagnosis of the early cartilage injury induced by lumbar facet arthritis and has important clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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[Objective] The aim of this study is to explore the accuracy and applicability of different machine learning models for predicting the spatial distribution of surface soil organic carbon density (SOCD) with limited samples, which can provide a references for the study of watershed scale carbon pool in the Chinese Loess Plateau. [Methods] In this study, we compared the accuracy and stability of the predicted SOCD in topsoil (0-20 cm) by four machine learning models, namely Multiple Linear Stepwise Regression (SR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), based on the limited measured samples in a sub-watershed of Yanhe River in the Chinese Loess Plateau. [Results] (1) Under the condition of limited samples, all models successfully and appropriately predicte the spatial distribution of SOCD, among which the SVM model has the best model performance, and the average RMSE, R² and MAE of 50 predictions is 0.74. 0.43 and 0.64, respectively. (2) The average SOCD of different land use types are consistent between measured and predicted values but shows significant difference among land use types. SOCD decreases in the order: shrubland forestland > grassland > cropland. The total organic carbon of cultivated land in the study area is 2.39×106t (0-20 cm). (3) The evaluation of feature importance shows that terrain factors, NDVI max, near-infrared surface reflectance (B5) and Brightness index have significant contributions to the accuracy of predictions. [Conclusion] Under the condition of limited samples, the machine learning model combined with controlling features can be effectively applied to the prediction of the spatial distribution of topsoil SOCD at the watershed scale in the Chinese Loess Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Studies on the biological effects of microplastics pollution on aquatic animals mostly focused on the ocean, but the potential effects on freshwater organisms are less known. In this study, the effects of polystyrene （PS） particles with different particle sizes （5 μm, 1 μm, 100 nm） on juvenile Chinese mitten crab （Eriocheir sinensis） were investigated. Hepatopancreas injury index: alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）; serum immune index; alkaline phosphatase （AKP）, acid phosphatase （ACP）; Oxidative stress index: malondialdehyde （MDA）, catalase （CAT）; and neurotoxicity index: acetylcholinesterase （AchE） were analyzed. The pathological changes of gills and hepatopancreas were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin （H. E） staining. The results showed that exposure to microplastics after 7 d, 100 nm group had significantly higher MDA content, CAT activity decreased significantly, the AKP activity of three treatment group were significantly lower, and 1 μm and 100 nm group of ACP activity was significantly reduced. The activities of AST, ALT and AchE gradually decreased with the decrease of particle size and the extension of exposure time. In conclusion, microplastics with different particle sizes caused varying degrees of hepatopancreas injury, oxidative stress and reduced immune capacity in crabs. The toxicity level was ranked as follows: 100 nm > 1 μm > 5 μm, indicating that the particle size was one of the most important factors affecting the health of Chinese mitten crabs. This study provides basic data and theoretical basis for further understanding the toxic effects of microplastics on freshwater crustaceans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic osteolysis is the most common long-term complication of total joint arthroplasty. Many studies suggest that the inflammasome may play an important role during the osteolysis. Melatonin is a rhythm-regulated hormone secreted by the pineal gland with many functions including antiinflammatory, anti-oxidation, and antitumor, but its effects on osteolysis and inflammasome have yet to be explored. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of melatonin on the osteolysis induced by wear particles and the role of melatonin on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. METHODS: (1) In vivo test: Fifteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, osteolysis group and melatonin group by random number table method, with 5 mice in each group. The osteolysis model of the osteolysis group and the melatonin group was established by injecting cobalt-chromiummolybdenum (CoCrMo) particles into the sagittal suture of the skull. After injection, the melatonin group was intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/(kg•d) of melatonin for 14 consecutive days. After drug intervention, the mouse calvarium was collected for micro-CT analysis to observe the micro-structural changes around the sagittal suture. (2) In vitro test: Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and THP-1 cells (which had been induced to differentiate into macrophages) were taken and divided into seven groups: normal group, lipopolysaccharide group, lipopolysaccharide+CoCrMo group and melatonin 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mmol/L groups (lipopolysaccharide and CoCrMo were added to the melatonin intervention groups). After the intervention for 6 hours, the expression of related proteins (NLRP3, Caspase-1, interleukin-1β, and gasdermin D, gasdermin D-N terminal) in the inflammasome of cell lysate or cell culture supernatant was detected by western blot assay. Cytotoxicity and cell death were observed through lactate dehydrogenase release and live-dead fluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In vivo test: Micro-CT scanning 3D reconstruction images showed that the bone mass around the sagittal suture of the skull of mice in the osteolysis group was significantly reduced, and the bone tissue structure was severely damaged. Compared with the osteolysis group, the bone mass around the sagittal suture of the skull in the melatonin group was significantly increased, and the destruction of tissue structure was reduced. (2) In vitro test: For mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, lipopolysaccharide significantly up-regulated NLRP3 protein expression in cell lysate, and melatonin intervention could reduce NLRP3 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. CoCrMo particles significantly up-regulated the protein expressions of the gasdermin D-N terminal in cell lysate and Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in the supernatant of cell culture, while melatonin intervention could reduce the expression of these proteins in a dose-dependent manner. For THP-1 cells, the protein expressions of Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in the supernatant of cell culture were significantly up-regulated by CoCrMo particles, and the expression of these proteins was decreased dose-dependent by melatonin intervention. Lactate dehydrogenase release and live-dead fluorescence staining showed that CoCrMo particles significantly increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase and cell death in the supernatant of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage culture, and melatonin intervention could reduce the release of lactate dehydrogenase and cell death. (3) The results show that melatonin can inhibit particle-induced inflammasome activation and pyroptosis to suppress periprosthetic osteolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science & Technology is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the deepening of the “double carbon” goal in agricultural development, the green development of agriculture has become a concrete practice to accelerate the structural reform of the agricultural supply side and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. As a big agricultural province, Jiangxi has great potential to promote the green transformation of agriculture, but the green development of agriculture is still in the embryonic stage, and it faces new opportunities and challenges in the new historical period. Based on the investigation of the current situation of agricultural green development in Jiangxi Province, this paper expounds the development process and achievements in agricultural green development system, agricultural resource protection, low-carbon industry construction and other aspects, and analyzes the existing problems and deficiencies in agricultural industry structure, scientific and technological service level, characteristic industry development, green brand building and other aspects. The feasible suggestions for better and faster development of green agriculture were discussed from the optimization of industrial structure, expansion of the scale of operation, improvement of the quality and quantity of agricultural products, strengthening the restoration of ecological function, increasing the introduction of talents, innovation of green development mode and other aspects, in order to provide reference for speeding up the green development of agriculture in Jiangxi and even the whole country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An achievement of the chemistry contest has been successfully transformed into an experimental project with agricultural characteristics, “preparation, characterization and particle size control experiment of nanoemulsion”. It’s introduced into the physical chemistry experiment teaching. Through- the experiment, students can master the preparation and characterization methods of nanoemulsion and study the influence of preparation factors on properties. That can promote the integration and infiltration of agricultural and scientific knowledge, cultivate students’ interdisciplinary thinking and improve their scientific literacy. Students are guided to deeply realize the importance of nanoemulsion in reducing pesticide use and environmental protection and pay attention to the major strategic needs of national food security and food safety. The experiment can strengthen students’ awareness of green development and stimulate their sense of responsibility to serve the national development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

为弥补传统无线网络在射频链路难以到达的地方信号接收困难的问题,采用了将光载无线通信（RoF）技术作为一种无线接入方式与正交频分复用（OFDM）无源光网络（PON）有线接入网络相结合的方式,提出了一种基于外调制法单边带（SSB）调制方式承载60 GHz毫米波结合反射式半导体光放大器（RSOA）的有线与无线结合的双向传输系统,并完成了平台的搭建。在此基础上完成了理论分析和实验验证,通过仿真软件Optisystem,对基于RSOA的双向有线及无线混合接入系统背靠背以及光纤传输20 km后的系统性能进行了仿真分析,结果表明:当发送信号采用正交振幅调制（QAM）,4QAM和16QAM两种信号采用SSB调制方式承载毫米波经光纤传输20 km后,接收端系统星座图旋转度和发散度最小,系统性能最好,满足系统传输性能要求。

Copyright of Engineering Science Research & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)