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“双碳”目标和能源转型的大背景下，区域综合能源系统内部耦合关系不断丰富，对于碳排放的管理不断严格，考虑互联协同的分布式能源站低碳规划问题亟待解决。为此，首先讨论了互联协同分布式能源站空间性能参数矩阵；然后计及负荷-能源站的管线建设以及环境成本、能源站-能源站的互联管线长度、各个分布式能源站规划容量等关键因素，提出了一种考虑互联协同的分布式能源站低碳多目标选址规划模型；最后，讨论了负荷不确定性对分布式能源站选址规划的影响，并且基于基准负荷确定性场景，在某城市实际算例中验证并讨论了考虑低碳需求前后各个分布式能源站的选址结果对比。

为贯彻落实碳达峰碳中和（简称“双碳”）目标，促进低碳产业发展，国家采取一系列碳减排政策推动能源系统低碳转型。构建了考虑碳减排收益的电-热耦合系统低碳扩展规划模型，同时考虑到系统中具有的大量源-荷不确定性，基于信息间隙决策理论（information gap decision theory，IGDT）构建鲁棒低碳规划模型与机会低碳规划模型。采用IEEE-13节点配网和32节点热网组成的能源系统测试算例对模型进行对比验证，分析了鲁棒模型的风险规避特点以及机会模型的寻求收益特点，验证了IGDT方法在不确定信息并不充足时仍然能够量化不确定性，且能根据规划决策者不同的风险偏好在预期的投资成本范围内求得相应的最优规划结果。同时，对比了碳减排收益对两种低碳规划模型的影响，分析了两种模型的不确定性与碳减排收益的关系。最后，分析了储能配置对低碳规划的影响。算例结果证明了储能配置可有效降低两类规划模型的投资成本，即储能投资对规划决策者的风险偏好选择不敏感。

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Copyright of Journal of Geodesy & Geodynamics (1671-5942) is the property of Editorial Board Journal of Geodesy & Geodynamics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Soil & Water Conservation (1009-2242) is the property of Institute of Soil & Water Conservation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Soil & Water Conservation (1009-2242) is the property of Institute of Soil & Water Conservation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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BACKGROUND: Transcranial magneto-acoustical electrical stimulation (TMAES) is a non-invasive, high-precision neurofocused stimulation method based on magneto-acoustic coupling electrical effect, which can regulate the rhythmic oscillation of nerve activity, thereby affecting the brain’s movement, cognition and other functions. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of TMAES on beta oscillations in the neural circuits of healthy rats and Parkinson’s rats. METHODS: (1) Animal experiments: Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=6 per group). The rats in the normal control group received no intervention, while those in the normal stimulation group received TMAES (the average spatial peak pulse intensity: 13.33 W/cm2, fundamental frequency: 0.4 MHz, the number of fundamental wave cycles: 1000, and pulse frequency: 200 Hz). The model control group and model stimulation group were established by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. After successful modeling, the rats in the model control group received sham TMAES stimulation in the prefrontal cortex, and those in the model stimulation group received TMAES in the prefrontal cortex, and the duration of stimulation was 2.0 minutes per day. After an interval of 8-10 minutes, the local field potential signals of rats were collected during the execution of T-maze test and the correct rate of behavior was recorded at the same time to compare and analyze the time-frequency distribution of local field potential signals and behavioral differences among the groups. The stimulation experiment and T-maze test were stopped when the correct rate of rats was higher than 80% for 3 consecutive days. (2) Modeling and simulation experiments: The cortical-basal ganglion circuit model under TMAES was established, and the ultrasonic emission period (5, 10, 20 ms), ultrasonic emission duty cycle (30%, 50%, 90%) and induced current density (20, 50, 100 μA/cm2) were changed respectively to compare the power spectral density values of beta oscillations in healthy rats and Parkinson’s rats under different stimulation parameters. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Animal experiments: The spatial learning ability of the rats in the normal control group was stronger than that of the model control group (P < 0.001), the spatial learning ability of the rats in the normal stimulation group was stronger than that of the normal control group (P < 0.05), and the spatial learning ability of the rats in the model stimulation group was stronger than that of the model control group (P < 0.01). The distribution of beta oscillation energy in the normal control group was more concentrated, and the beta oscillation signal energy was reduced in the normal stimulation group compared with the normal control group. The beta oscillation energy was widely distributed and the energy value was significantly higher in the model control group and the model stimulation group than the normal control and normal stimulation groups. Moreover, the beta oscillation signal energy in the model stimulation group was significantly lower than that in the model control group. (2) Modeling and simulation experiments: the peak power spectral density of the beta band of healthy rats without stimulation (30 dB) was significantly lower than that of Parkinson’s rats (55 dB). The power spectral density value generally decreased after stimulation. The peak power spectral density in the beta band was positively correlated with the ultrasonic emission period and negatively correlated with the induced current density. In addition, the peak power spectral density value was the lowest when the duty cycle of ultrasonic emission was 50%. These findings indicate that TMAES suppresses beta oscillations in healthy and Parkinson's disease rats, thereby improving motor function and decision-making cognitive function in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In-situ returning carbonization can directly convert the straw into biochar in the field. It is of great significance to improve the soil structure and soil fertility. The costs of collection, storage, and transportation can be reduced to solve the slow decomposition, low emergence rate, as well as serious pests and diseases in straw directly returning to the field. Previous research focused mainly on carbonization returning equipment. It is still lacking in the reactor section in large-scale production, uneven carbonization, operational stability, and production efficiency in the current equipment of carbonization returning. This article aims to develop multi-chamber equipment for corn straw in-situ returning carbonization, according to the precise oxygen and temperature control carbonization. A precise structure of air distribution was adopted to innovate a vertical multi chamber in the limited area of the carbonization reactor using the early prototype. The spiral disturbance component was designed to enhance the directional flow of materials. ANSYS software was used to simulate the structural optimization. The heat-transfer properties of metal were used to develop a clean combustion system for pyrolysis gas, together with a high-temperature flue gas heat exchange and reuse. In addition, the systems were further integrated, such as picking and crushing, silo conveying, continuous carbonization, flue gas cleaning and reuse, as well as the control. The vertical multi-chamber equipment was innovatively designed for the corn straw in-situ returning carbonization. A 20 kW/h generator was equipped to provide the energy consumption for all motors, in order to meet the needs of field work. The continuous transportation and carbonization of materials were achieved in the carbonization reactor. The high-temperature flue gas reuse was improved to reduce the equipment energy consumption for high carbonization and operational efficiency. In addition, a carbonization experiment was conducted using corn straw as the raw material. The equipment was also operated for one hour to collect the produced biochar and flue gas. The results show that the capacity of straw processing was 500 kg/h, the biochar yield was 125 kg/h, the fixed carbon content was 50.30%, and the system energy utilization rate was 70.66%. Industrial and elemental analysis of the biochar showed that the total carbon content reached 61.32%, whereas, the metal contents of Cu, Zn, and Pb were lower than those in the standard range of DB21/T 3314-2020. The biochar fully met the first-class standard of biochar returning. The concentrations of particulate matter, NOx, and SOx substances in the combustion smoke were 16%, 164.2%, and 32.6%, respectively, which were lower than the concentration standards for various substances in GB 13271-2014. And simulation analysis was conducted on the disturbed components, where the received stress was far less than the yield limit of the material. The maximum deformation was ignored relative to the overall size, where the structure and material of the disturbed components fully met the design requirements. The entire system operated stably, fully meeting the design standards, indicating environmentally friendly and pollution-free carbonization and returning to the field. This finding can provide theoretical, technical, and equipment support to the direct carbonization and return of straw to the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the protective mechanism of treadmill exercise on ovariectomized osteoporosis rats through Hedgehog-Gli signaling pathway. Methods 50 female SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (S, 15) and model group (Z, 35). The sham group removed only a small amount of fat around the ovaries, while the model group removed both ovaries. The model was verified by hematoxylin-eosin staining 10 weeks after operation. The successful rats were randomly divided into model group (M), positive control group (P) and treadmill exercise group (E), with 10 rats in each group. Group P was given 0.184 mg/(kg d) estradiol valerate suspension, while the other groups were given the same dose of normal saline once a day. Group E was also given moderate-intensity treadmill training for 30min minutes, five days a week. After 12 weeks of intervention, blood samples were collected, and the serum levels of procollagen type I N-terminal peptide (PINP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), collagen type I cross-linked C- terminal peptide (CTX) and osteocalcin (OC) were detected. Bone mineral density was detected by Micro-CT, bone mechanical properties were detected by material machine, and the expression of Shh, Ptc, Smo and Gli proteins in femur were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with S group, the indexes of bone formation and metabolism, bone mineral density, bone mechanical properties and the expressions of Shh, Ptc, Smo and Gli in femur in group M decreased (P<0.01). Compared with M group, the indexes of bone formation and metabolism, bone mineral density, bone mechanical properties and the expressions of Shh, Ptc, Smo and Gli in f femur in group M decreased (P<0.01). Compared with P group, the expressions of Shh, Ptc, Smo and Gli in femur in group E were higher (P<0.05). Conclusion12 weeks treadmill exercise may mediate the regulation of bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats by up-regulating the expressions of Shh, Ptc, Smo and Gli, and improve osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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目的 利用数据挖掘技术分析脑白质疏松症相关因素。 方法 回顾性地收集2015年4月-2017年2月中南医院神经内科符合标准的1197例住院患者临床资料， 利用数据挖掘技术4种预测模型和卡方检验基础上的特征选择方法分析脑白质疏松症相关因素。 结果 4种数据挖掘模型中，逻辑回归模型预测性能最佳[特征数为9，受试者工作特征曲线下面积 （area under the curve，AUC）=0.825±0.012]。特征选择方法选出9种与脑白质疏松症相关的因素。利 用决策树模型（特征数为4，AUC=0.788±0.017）得到该决策树的可视化结果图。 结论 数据挖掘方法选出的因素中与脑白质疏松呈正相关的因素有年龄、高血压病史、颅内动脉狭 窄、贫血、2型糖尿病、肌酐、红细胞分布宽度；呈负相关的因素有红细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度。 Abstract: Objective To analyze the related factors of leukoaraiosis by using data mining technology. Methods The clinical data of 1197 inpatients who were eligible for inclusion criteria in Zhongnan Hospital during April 2015 to February 2017 were included in the study. Among the data mining technology, 4 kinds of prediction models and chi square test based feature selection method were used to analyze the related factors of leukoaraiosis. Results Among the 4 kinds of data mining models, the logistic regression model had the best prediction performance (the number of features is 9, AUC=0.825±0.012). Feature selection methods were used to select the top 9 features as related factors of leukoaraiosis. Decision tree model (the number of features was 4, AUC=0.788±0.017) was used to obtain the visual result graph of the decision tree. Conclusions According to data mining methods in this paper, the positive relevant factors of leukoaraiosis were age, history of hypertension, arteriosclerosis, anemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, creatinine, red blood cell count, and red blood cell distribution width; and the negative relevant factors were red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration.

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[Objective] The aims of this study are to investigate the effects of different land use patterns on the distribution characteristics and stability of soil aggregate on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and to provide a scientific basis for improving soil quality in alpine regions. [Methods] Five different land use patterns(farmland, plantation, wetland, shrubland, and bareland) were selected as the study samples on the Tibetan Plateau. Soil aggregate size distribution and soil organic carbon(SOC), total carbon(TC), total nitrogen(TN), and pH were determined by dry and wet sieving methods. ＞0.25 mm soil aggregates weight percentage(DR＞0.25, WR＞0.25), the percentage of aggregate destruction(PAD), the mean weight diameter(MWD), and the geometric mean diameter(GMD) of soil aggregates were determined, and the composition and stability characteristics of soil aggregates under different land use patterns in the alpine region were studied. [Results] Compared with mechanically stable aggregates, soil water-stable aggregates were more susceptible to the influence of land use patterns and better reflected the structural stability of soil aggregations in Tibet. Farmland cultivation increased the content of soil macroaggregates with mechanical stability, but not with water stability. Soil aggregates in plantations and wetlands had high water stability characteristics. Correlation analysis showed that the MWD of soil aggregates was positively correlated with SOC and TN contents. For machine-stable aggregates, 1 mm is the critical size of positive and negative correlation, and for water-stable aggregates, 0.25 mm is the critical size of positive and negative correlation. [Conclusion] Agricultural cultivation in alpine areas can only improve the mechanical stability of soil aggregates, while wetlands and planted forests have a positive effect on the stability of aggregates, and it is recommended that reasonable vegetation cover should be carried out to improve soil quality in alpine areas in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to clarify the internal relationship between the roughing index ol chalcopyrite and the ultrasonic modilication ol sodium silicate, the Ilotation test of actual chalcopyrite minerals was carried out with ultrasonic pretreated sodium silicate as the regulator. The pH value,viscosity and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the ultrasonic pretreatment ol sodium silicate solution properties and pulp turbidity. The results showed that the roughing recovery ol the chalcopyrite was sensitive to the perlormance ol ultrasonic modilied sodium silicate. The recovery ol chalcopyrite by a sodium silicate treatment time ol 15 min was 85. 33%, which was 9. 31 % higher than that ol the unmodified sodium silicate. Ultrasonic pretreatment can reduce the pH value of the sodium silicate solution, and reduce the viscosity by 0. 36% ,which was benelicial to the dispersion ol sodium silicate in the slurry. In addition, ultrasonic pretreatment can also change the proportion ol water molecules and the composition ol sodium silicate functional groups in the sodium silicate solution, and increase the relative ratio ol Iree water hydroxyl groups in the pretreated sodium silicate solution to Si OH in H2SiO3 by 7. 81 % and 1.02% respectively. The increase ol Iree water component was benelicial to improving the hydrophobicity and Ilotation ellect of the chalcopyrite,increasing Si OH component in the ellective component H2SiO3 ol sodium silicate, and strengthening the dispersion of slime to a certain extent, thus improving the recovery ol copper in roughing operation. This research has certain relerence signilicance lor the application ol ultrasonic technology in the field of non-Ierrous metal Ilotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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