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[目的]比较切割型锉尖Quantec SC和非切割型锉尖Quantee LX两种镍钛机动器械预备弯曲根管的成形效果。[方法]12颗离体下颌第一、二磨牙近中弯曲根管24个，随机分为2组，分别用Quantec SC和Quantec LX器械完成根管预备。牙根包埋在Branmante模型中并在根尖、根中和根分叉水平截断，对预备前后的根管横截面形态进行数字化处理。比较各组间的牙本质切削面积、根管壁最小厚度和根管中心偏移量，并记录偏移方向。[结果]两组器械牙本质切削面积无统计学差异（P〉0．05），减少根管壁厚度的方式相似。在3个水平上，Quantec SC产生的根管中心偏移量均较Quantec LX多，但两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。根尖区大部分根管中心移向近中；根中段大部分的根管中心移至根分叉侧，少部分移向近中。[结论]不同锉尖设计的两种镍钛机动器械Quantec SC和Quantec LX预备弯曲根管的成形效果相似。

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速冻专用油脂是类似于人造奶油的油包水体系的油脂混合物，主要是由基料油、乳化剂、水及其他辅料经乳化、急冷、捏合而成的一种专用油脂。速冻专用油脂是一种风味性油脂，常添加到冷冻面团中，可以改善速冻食品的风味和口感、保证速冻食品在加工和冷冻过程中品质的稳定、增强食品营养性等。分别对速冻专用油脂的概况、目前存在的问题及解决措施、基料油的改性、乳化剂的选择等进行了系统的综述，并展望了速冻专用油脂未来的发展趋势。 Fast-frozen special fat is a kind of oil mixture in water-in-oil system similar to margarine, which is mainly made of base oils, emulsifier, water and other auxiliary materials by emulsification, rapid cooling and kneading. As a kind of flavor oil, fast-frozen special fat is often added to frozen dough, which can improve the flavor and taste of fast-frozen food, ensure the quality stability of fast-frozen food during processing and freezing, and enhance the food nutrition. The general situation, existing problems and solutions, modification of base oil, selection of emulsifier of fast-frozen special fat were systematically reviewed, and the future development trend of fast-frozen special fat was prospected.

Existing text classification models insufficiently utilize global and local information in texts, leading to subpar classification performance, In response to this issue, a text classification model called global and local features dynamic fusion (GLFDF) is proposed. The GLFDF model was initially designed with a dynamic fusion enhancement module to dynamically control the inte- gration of global temporal features and local semantic features into specific positions of the word embedding matrix. Subsequently, the embedding matrix where global and local features fused was fed into a feature extraction module for further processing. Finally, the proposed model was tested on two public datasets, Ohsumed and THUCNews. Experimental results show that the GLFDF model achieves F1 scores of 63,24% and 92.50% on these datasets, respectively, surpassing other advanced text classification models and enhancing text classification performance. From the analy- sis of the ablation experiment, the dynamic fusion enhancement module fully makes the global temporal features and local semantic features of the text fused together, effectively solving the problem of insufficient use of global and local information in the text classification model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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High-speed seed filling can widely be used in rice planting in recent years. However, rice seeds filling hole in a disorderly manner has been resulted in the low precision separation of seed population. It is also difficulty in the precise adjustment during the seed filling. In this study, an orifice-groove combined hole of oriented filling type precision hill-drop seed-metering device was proposed to deal with the issue. A combination of waist round seed orifice and V-groove slot was also designed to adjust to the attitude change of rice seeds under the churning disturbance of tooth plate. The systematic evaluation was constructed to measure the distribution of rice seeds in the area of seed filling. The attitude change of rice seeds was then clarified with the time. The structural parameters of large and small orifices were determined suitable for the conventional and hybrid rice. Taking the conventional rice Huang Huazhan and hybrid rice Feng liangyou 3948 as the seeding objects, the single-factor, full factor, and variety adaptability experiments were carried out with the large and small orifice widths and vibration frequency as the experimental factors. The single-factor experiment showed that the qualifying rate of the seed-metering device was more than 85% for seeding conventional and hybrid rice, when the width sizes of the large and small orifice were 6.8-7.6 and 4.6-5.2 mm, respectively. Low-frequency vibration was the main vibration condition to dominate the seeding performance. The full factorial test showed that the qualified rate of the seed-metering device was not less than 90%, when the width sizes of the large and small orifice were 7 and 5 mm, respectively, indicating suitable for the different vibration conditions. The variety adaptability test showed that the qualified rates of different size rice seeds were not less than 88.80%, the miss-seeding rates were less than 3.60%, and the damage rates were less than 0.16% under the appropriate effective length of the orifices. The field seeding test showed that the qualified rates of various rows were not less than 89.33%, the miss-seeding and reseeding rates were less than 1.60%, and 9.60%, respectively, the average values of the hole diameter and spacing of various rows were 44.64-54.83, and 133.21-144.67 mm, respectively, when seeding Huang huazhan with the large combined orifice-groove. When seeding Feng liangyou 3948 with the small combined orifice-groove, the qualified rates of various rows were not less than 85.73%, the reseeding, miss-seeding, and empty-seed rates were less than 8.27%, 6.53%, and 1.73%, respectively, the average values of the hole diameter and spacing of various rows were 39.88-45.59, and 200.79-205.56 mm, respectively, all of which fully met the planting requirements of precision dry hill-drop direct seeding of the conventional and hybrid rice. Therefore, through the switching of different combined orifice-grooves and the adjustment of the effective length of the orifices, the seed-metering device can be expected to use for the low damage and precision seeding of various rice varieties with the different sowing amount. The finding can also provide the theoretical reference for the design of rice seed-metering device with the adjustable seeding amount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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