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Copyright of Journal of Synthetic Crystals is the property of Journal of Synthetic Crystals Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Technology is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Technology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Continue Education Research is the property of Harbin Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Geology & Exploration is the property of Xian Research Institute of China Coal Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Geology & Exploration is the property of Xian Research Institute of China Coal Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biology Teaching is the property of East China Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The active regenerative cooling technology faces the bottleneck problem of insufficient heat transfer capacity when the scramjet flies at a higher Mach number. It is proposed to strengthen the heat transfer performance of the regenerative cooling channel with airfoil-fins. To verify the enhanced heat transfer effect of the airfoil-fin channel in principle, an experimental test platform for flow and heat transfer of ambient air in NACA0021 symmetrical airfoil-fin channels and NACA4822 asymmetric airfoil-fin channels (with cross-section sizes of 50 mm × 50 mm) was built. The Nusselt number of the heated surface was obtained based on the steady-state liquid crystal technique. The results show that, the heat transfer intensities of NACA0021 symmetrical airfoil-fin channels and NACA4822 asymmetric airfoil-fin channels improve by 0.17%~17.1% and 18.4%~52.1%, respectively. Correspondingly, PECs are 1.04 and 1.24, respectively, with the volume flow of ambient air at 50 m³/h. The NACA4822 asymmetric airfoil-fin channel can enhance the heat transfer performance of the middle heating surface under the condition of a large flow rate. The flow pressure drop in the airfoil-fin channels also increases correspondingly, where the pressure drop in the NACA4822 airfoil-fin channel is the largest. The asymmetry of the airfoil-fin causes the continuous accumulation of flow turbulence intensity, resulting in a significant increase in the downstream pressure drop. The work is helpful for further research on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical fluids in airfoil-fin channels, and broadens the application temperature range of the active regenerative cooling technology for scramjets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manganese benzenesulfonate complex was synthesized under the condition of heating with manganese chloride and sodium benzenesulfonate as raw materials. The crystal of the complex was obtained by volatilizing solvent. The crystal structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique and the molecular formula was [Mn (H2O)6] (C6H5 SO3)2. Powder X-ray diffraction proved that the target product had high phase purity. The molecular structure of the target product was verified by infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the target product had good thermal stability and did not decompose before 510 °C. The catalytic performance of manganese benzenesulfonate complex was investigated using Mannich reaction as a probe. The results showed that manganese benzenesulfonate could catalyze Mannich reaction with low dosage and high efficiency, and could still maintain catalytic activity after three repeated uses. Manganese benzenesulfonate complex showed good catalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs is the property of Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Water Conservancy & Electric Power Technology & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of TianJin Medical Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics and quantitative parameters of massive breast cancer with soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor P55 (sTNFR-P55), and to explore the diagnostic value of it in breast cancer. Methods: A selection of 162 patients with breast masses who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 with CEUS examination. According to the pathological results, they were divided into a mass breast cancer group (82 cases) and a benign group (80 cases) . In addition, 80 healthy women who had a physical examination in our hospital were selected as the control group. Serum levels of sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 were detected in the three groups. The differences in CEUS characteristics and quantitative parameters between the mass breast cancer group and the benign group were compared, and the correlation between CEUS quantitative parameters and serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels in patients with mass breast cancer was analyzed by Pearson correlation. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value index expression of CEUS, serum sE-cad, and sTNFR-P55 levels alone or the combined diagnosis of the three are used. Results: Most of the mass breast cancer group showed irregular shape after enhancement, high enhancement, centripetal perfusion, angiography The distribution of agents was uneven and a slow-out enhancement method, and the proportion was significantly higher than that of the benign group (P＜0.05). Compared with the benign group, the CEUS quantitative parameters TTP and G in the mass breast cancer group were significantly lower (P＜0.05), while PI and K were significantly lower Increase (P＜0.05). Serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels in the mass breast cancer group were significantly higher than those in the benign group and control group (P＜0.05), and the serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels in the benign group were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The CEUS quantitative parameters TTP and G of patients with massive breast cancer were negatively correlated with serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels (P＜0.05); while PI and k were positively correlated with serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels (P＜0.05). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CEUS combined with serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels in the diagnosis of mass breast cancer are the highest, and the difference is statistically significant. Conclusion: The characteristics and quantitative parameters of CEUS have a certain differential diagnosis value for mass breast cancer, and the quantitative parameters of CEUS have a certain correlation with serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels, indicating that the quantitative parameters of CEUS can reflect breast cancer to a certain extent. At the same time, CEUS combined with the detection of serum sE-cad and sTNFR-P55 levels can help improve the value of differential diagnosis of mass breast cancer, and further provide a more scientific imaging basis for the qualitative judgment of clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Metal Working (1674-165X) is the property of Metal Working Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Department of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency is the property of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Science Research & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency is the property of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An optimal irrigation management needs to clarify the effects of technical parameters on the crop growth, dry matter accumulation, seed yield, and the distribution of water and salt in soil. In this study, a two-year field experiment was conducted from April to October in 2018 and 2019, to investigate the effects of various amount of drip irrigation and emitter discharge rate on cotton growth at the 31st Regiment in Korla of Southern Xinjiang (86°56′58″E, 40°53′03″N). Three levels of drip irrigation were designed, including the full irrigation (W3:100% ETc, ETc is the crop evapotranspiration), moderate irrigation (W2:80% ETc), and low irrigation (W1:60% ETc). Two of emitter discharge rate (1.8 and 2.4 L/h) were applied to explore the optimal combination of drip irrigation amount and emitter discharge rate for cotton production, resulting in a total of six treatments with three replicates. Cotton growth indexes were measured, including the yield and its components, soil water moisture, and soil salinity. The main results were as follows: 1) There were significant effects of irrigation amount and emitter discharge rate on plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, yield and its components. In the bolling opening stage of 2018 and 2019, the plant height in the W1 treatment decreased by 10.40% and 11.22%, compared with that in the W3, respectively. The leaf area index in the W1 treatment was 22.52% and 44.16% lower than that in the W3. The plant height in the W1 treatment was 11.38% and 4.64% lower than that in the W3, when the emitter discharge rate was D2.4. The leaf area index in the W1 treatment was 24.55% and 53.83% lower than that in the W3. At the same rate of emitter discharge, the growth indexes, yield and its components of cotton increased with the increase of irrigation amount. Specifically, the cotton growth indexes, seed cotton yield and its components of W3 were significantly higher than those of W1 and W2. Under the same irrigation amount, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, effective boll number, 100-boll weight, and seed cotton yield were higher at the emitter discharge rate of D2.4, compared with those of D1.8. In 2018 and 2019, the yields of three irrigations amount under D2.4 increased by 4.81%, 8.39%, 4.69% and 4.98%, 7.23% and 11.06%, compared with those under D1.8. The corresponding water use efficiency under D2.4 was 13.48%, 5.44%, 8.99% and 5.61%, 5.36%,0.84% higher than that under D1.8, respectively. 2) The water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency decreased with the increase of irrigation amount. In W1 treatment, there was significantly higher than those of other irrigation treatments, at the same emitter discharge rate. The water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency at the emitter discharge rate of D2.4 were significantly higher than those D1.8 under the same irrigation amount. 3) The irrigation amount and emitter discharge rate had significant effects on soil water content and salinity distribution. The soil water content in the W3 was higher than those of W1 and W2 at the same emitter discharge rate. The distribution of soil water content in the D2.4 was more uniform than that in the D1.8 under the same irrigation amount. In the salinity of 0-40 cm soil layer, a gradual accumulation trend occurred during the whole growing season of cotton. The soil salinity decreased with the increase of irrigation amount at the same emitter discharge rate. The soil salinity in the D2.4 was lower than that of D1.8. When the irrigation amount was 100% ETc and the emitter discharge rate was D2.4, the soil water content was higher, the horizontal distribution of soil profile was more uniform, and the soil salinity was lower, indicating an optimal combination of parameters for the cotton growth. These results demonstrate that the irrigation amount of W3 (100%ETc) combined with emitter discharge rate of 2.4 L/h can be the optimal irrigation strategy for the cotton production in Southern Xinjaing, with the highest seed cotton yield of 7361.44 kg/hm2 in 2018, and 7837.91 kg/hm² in 2019, respectively. This finding can provide a theoretical basis to guide the efficient cotton production with water saving and salt control in the Korla region of Southern Xinjiang, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs is the property of Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ｎｏｎ⁃Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｉａｎ ｌｉｎｅａｒ ｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｓ ｈａｖｅ ｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ ａｎｄ ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ ｃａｌｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ ａｎｄ ａｒｅ ｅｘｐｅｃｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｂｅ ｓｏｌｖｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｉｇｈ ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ． Ｔｏ ａｃｃｅｌｅｒａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｖｅｒｇｅｎｃｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ｏｒｉｇｉｎａｌ ａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｓ， ａ ｐｒｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ ｗａｓ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ ａｎｄ ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ ｔｏ ｓｏｍｅ ｉｔｅｒａｔｉｖｅ ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ ｃｈｏｓｅｎ ｔｏ ｓｏｌｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｎｏｎ⁃Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｉａｎ ｌｉｎｅａｒ ｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｓ ａｎｄ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ ｌｉｎｅａｒ ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ ｒｉｇｈｔ⁃ｈａｎｄ ｓｉｄｅｓ． Ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ ｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓ ｓｈｏｗ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｅｄ ｉｔｅｒａｔｉｖｅ ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ ａｒｅ ｓｕｐｅｒｉｏｒ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｏｒｉｇｉｎａｌ ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ ｉｎ ｔｅｒｍｓ ｏｆ ｂｏｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｖｅｒｇｅｎｃｅ ｒａｔｅ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ ｉｔｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓ． Ｉｎ ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ， ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｅｄ ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｉｚｅｄ ｃｏｎｊｕｇａｔｅ Ａ⁃ ｏｒｔｈｏｇｏｎａｌ ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ ｓｑｕａｒｅｄ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ （ＧＣＯＲＳ２） ｈａｓ ｂｅｔｔｅｒ ｃｏｎｖｅｒｇｅｎｔ ｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒ ａｎｄ ｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｔｈａｎ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｐｒｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｅｄ ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the value of joint erosions on ultrasound (US) for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and gouty arthritis (GA). Methods US of bilateral metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints in RA (n =43) and GA (n=52) was retrospectively analyzed. The direct signs included location, morphology, border, and Doppler color flow of the erosions. Indirect signs including echogenic foci in the synovium or joint effusion, tophus, and double contour sign were also recorded. Results The joint erosions of RA were round (39/42, 90.7%) with poorly-defined borders (40/42，93.0%) and synovial proliferation (38/42，88.4%) involving most commonly the fifth MTP joint (43/43，100%). In GA, the joint erosions were round (61.5%) or oval (38.5%) with well-defined border (39/52，75.0%) and synovial proliferation (10/52, 19.2%) involving most frequently the first MTP joint (43/52,82.7%). The difference between RA and GA was statistically significant (P<0.001). Indirect signs of tophus (33/ 52，63.5%), double contour sign (21/52, 40.4%), and echogenic foci in the synovium or effusion (23/52, 44.2% )were found only in GA (P<0.001). Conclusion US characteristics of joint erosions in RA and GA are useful for differential diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the value of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9 ) and carbohydrate antigen 24-2 (CA24-2) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant biliary tract diseases. Methods A total of 214 patients with biliary tract diseases who were hospitalized in Department of Gastroenterology and Department of General Surgery in the First Hospital Affiliated to Hebei North University from January 2012 to October 2015 were enrolled, and according to the nature of lesions, they were divided into benign lesion group (162 patients) and malignant lesion group (52 patients) . The healthy people who underwent physical examination during the same period of time in the Physical Examination Center were enrolled as normal control group (40 persons). Peripheral venous blood was collected for all subjects in a fasting state, and the serum levels of total bilirubin (TBil) , direct bilirubin (DBil) , and indirect bilirubin (IBil) were measured. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the serum levels of CA19 -9 and CA24 -2. The Kruskal - Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for further comparison between any two groups; the chi -square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups; Pearson correlation analysis was also performed. Results Compared with the normal control group, the benign lesion group and the malignant lesion group showed significant increases in the serum levels of TBil and CA19 -9 (all P <0.01). Compared with the benign lesion group, the malignant lesion group showed significant increases in the serum levels of CA19 - 9 and CA24 - 2 (all P <0.01). The serum levels of CA19 - 9 and CA24 - 2 were not associated with tumor location in cholangiocarcinoma, but they were associated with the degree of tumor differentiation (X2 = 6.860 and 9.010, all P <0.05). The combined measurementof CA19-9 and CA24-2 had a sensitivity of 88.5 % and a specificity of 82.1 % in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, which were significantly higher than the sensitivity and specificity of CA19 -9 or CA24 -2 measurement (all P <0.01). In the patients with benign biliary tract diseases and cholangiocarcinoma, serum CA19 -9 was positively correlated with serum TBil (r = 0.634 and 0.346, both P <0.05), and the benign lesion group had a significantly greater correlation between serum CA19-9 and serum TBil than the malignant lesion group. Conclusion Combined measurement of CA19 - 9 and CA24 - 2 has clinical significance in early diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electric Machines & Control / Dianji Yu Kongzhi Xuebao is the property of Electric Machines & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and follow-up results of endoscopic ligation with nylon snares for adenoma of the major duodenal papilla. Methods Twenty-three patients with adenoma of the major papilla who were treated in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled as subjects. All patients had biliary and pancreatic duct stents placed by endoscopic cholangiopancreatography, followed by complete ligation of tumors with nylon snares. Endoscopic follow-up evaluation of recurrence was performed regularly. Results All patients had biliary and pancreatic duct stents successfully placed and tumors successfully ligated with nylon snares in their first surgery. Endoscopic reexamination at two weeks after surgery showed that tumors were removed in all patients. Postoperative complications, cholangitis and pancreatitis, were found in one (4.3%) and two (8.7%) patients, respectively, and there were no bleeding, perforation, or death. A follow-up of more than one year in all patients showed that two patients had local recurrence of adenoma. Conclusion Endoscopic ligation with nylon snares is a safe and effective approach for treating adenoma of the major duodenal papilla. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]