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鹿科（Cervidae）动物是反刍动物的一大类群，中国拥有世界上最丰富的鹿科动物种质资源。与其他反刍动物相比，鹿科动物最独特的特点是拥有能够定期再生的器官性骨质角。不同品种的鹿角形态具有较大差异，大部分复杂的大型鹿角主要用于求偶期的争斗，开展鹿角功能与演化的研究对动物遗传学、行为学和生态学有极高价值。鹿角生长发育受多种因素调控，因每年定期再生与快速生长机制，使鹿角成为研究哺乳动物器官再生的理想模型，同时鹿角快速增殖却极少产生癌变的特性也为癌症治疗研究提供了新的视野。有关鹿角生长发育和再生机制的研究近年来取得诸多重要成果，本文对鹿角的生物学特征和初生发育、成熟脱落与再生过程的研究进展进行综述，以期为鹿科动物种质资源保护利用和深入解析鹿角独特性质遗传机制提供理论依据。

哺乳动物被毛微量元素和重金属元素含量能够反映其生活状态和栖息地状况，是环境监测中重要的生物化学指示物。对北京南海子和浙江临安两地麋鹿（Elaphurus davidianus）种群被毛中的10种重金属和34种微量元素进行测定，以期探讨麋鹿被毛微量元素和重金属含量在栖息环境监测中的可行性。结果表明：除Re元素外，其余43种元素在麋鹿被毛中均被检出，统计分析表明Li、Be、Sc、V、Co、Ga、Rb、Ir、Mo、Cd、Cs、Ba、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Tl、Bi、Th、U、Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf 34种元素为麋鹿被毛的特征元素；与北京南海子麋鹿种群相比，浙江临安麋鹿种群被毛中的微量元素Sr、In、Sb、W、Bi、U和重金属元素Zn、Cu、Cr、Pb、Cd含量更少，其余32种元素含量均高于北京南海子麋鹿种群；独立样本t检验分析表明，麋鹿被毛微量元素和重金属元素含量存在地域差异性，仅Cr（p=0.064）、Ni（p=0.769）、Mo（p=0.129）、Tl（p=0.065）、Zr（p=0.138）和Hf（p=0.057）6种元素差异不显著，其余37种元素差异均显著；北京南海子和浙江临安麋鹿种群的栖息环境和食物均未受到Zn、Cu、Cr、Pb、Cd、V、Co、Ni、Sb和Tl 10种重金属元素污染的威胁。研究表明，麋鹿被毛可作为栖息环境重金属污染的非损伤监测指示材料。

【摘要】 目的 探讨基于SWI的后循环Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分（posterior circulation Alberta stroke program early CT score，pc-ASPECTS）对后循环急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）患者临床3个月预后的预测价值。 方法 回顾性连续收集来自河南省濮阳市人民医院神经内科2014年12月-2016年12月期间未接受静脉或动脉溶栓及血管内再通治疗的后循环AIS患者的临床及影像学数据。采用mRS评分评估发病后3个月预后，mRS评分0～2分定义为预后良好，3～6分定义为预后不良。使用多因素Logistic回归分析确定良好临床预后的独立预测因素。采用受试者工作特征（receiver operating characteristic，ROC）曲线分析来评估基于SWI的pc-ASPECTS评分对后循环AIS患者3个月预后的预测诊断价值。 结果 研究共收录63例后循环AIS患者，预后良好组42例（66.7%），预后不良组21例（33.3%）。单因素分析显示，入院时基线NIHSS评分（P＜0.001）、pc-ASPECTS评分（P＜0.001）在预后良好和预后不良组差异具有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析提示，pc-ASPECTS≥6分是后循环AIS患者3个月预后良好的独立预测因素（OR 2.03，95%CI 1.04～3.95，P=0.039）；ROC曲线分析显示，基于SWI的pcASPECTS曲线下面积为0.80（95%CI 0.69～0.91）。 结论 在后循环AIS患者中，基于SWI影像的pc-ASPECTS评分可独立预测患者的3个月临床预后。 【Abstract】 Objective To assess the value of posterior circulation ASPECTS (pc-ASPECTS) based on SWI in predicting the clinical outcome of patients with posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods The clinical and imaging data of posterior circulation AIS patients who were not treated with endovascular recanalization and intravenous or intra-arterial alteplase were analyzed. The prognosis at 3 months after symptom onset was assessed by mRS, good prognosis was defined as mRS 0-2, and poor prognosis was defined as mRS 3-6. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of clinical outcome. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of the pc-ASPECTS based on SWI for the prognosis of patients with posterior circulation AIS. Results A total of 63 patients with posterior circulation AIS were included in the study, 42 (66.7%) patients had a good prognosis, and 21 (66.7%) patients had a poor prognosis. The univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference in the NIHSS on admission (P

目的 探讨急性穿支动脉脑梗死（penetrating artery infarction，PAI）患者早期神经功能恶化（early neurological deterioration，END）的危险因素、建立列线图模型并对其进行评价。 方法 回顾性纳入2021年1月—2023年2月濮阳市人民医院急性外侧豆纹动脉及脑桥旁正中动脉脑梗死患者，入院后5 d内NIHSS评分增加≥2分的患者纳入急性脑梗死后END组；入院后5 d内NIHSS评分增加＜2分的患者纳入非END组。按7∶3的比例将数据集随机划分为训练集和测试集，测试集用来评估模型性能。在训练集中，用R（4.2.3）软件行单因素分析，对于P＜0.10的变量采用最小绝对收缩和选择运算（least absolute shrinkage and selection operator，LASSO）回归、logistic回归分析筛选出PAI患者发生END的独立危险因素，最后构建列线图预测模型。分别对训练集和测试集采用ROC曲线及其AUC评估模型的区分度，采用决策曲线分析（decision curve analysis，DCA）评估模型的临床实用性，采用校准图评估模型准确度。 结果 共纳入400例急性外侧豆纹动脉或脑桥旁正中动脉脑梗死患者，其中男性261例（65.25%），年龄64（56～70）岁；END组135例（33.75%），非END组265例（66.25%）。训练集中急性PAI患者 280例，94例（33.57%）发生END；测试集120例，41例（34.17%）发生END。训练集中11个变量 （P＜0.10）进入LASSO回归，筛选出5个变量：入院时舒张压、糖尿病病史、吸烟史、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、梗死灶最大直径。多因素logistic回归分析显示，中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（OR 40.85，95%CI 13.34～196.43，P＜0.01）、糖尿病病史（OR 24.10，95%CI 6.92～106.30，P＜0.01）、吸烟史（OR 6.16，95%CI 1.54～28.39，P=0.01）、梗死灶最大直径（OR 4.93，95%CI 1.35～19.82，P=0.02）是PAI患者发生END的独立危险因素，纳入列线图。采用Bootstrap法进行内部验证，分别绘制训练集及测试集的ROC曲线、校准曲线、DCA曲线。训练集和测试集ROC的AUC分别为0.88、0.87；校准图预测值与实际值一致性较好、DCA曲线显示预测模型临床实用性较高。 结论 中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、吸烟史、糖尿病病史、梗死灶最大直径是急性PAI患者发生END的独立危险因素，列线图预测模型具有一定的临床实用价值。 Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors for early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute penetrating artery infarction (PAI) and to develop and evaluate a nomogram model. Methods Patients with acute cerebral infarction of lateral lenticulostriate artery and paramedian pontine artery in Puyang people’s hospital from January 2021 to February 2023 were retrospectively included. Patients with NIHSS score increased by≥2 points within 5 days after admission were included in the END group. Patients with NIHSS score increased by≤2 points within 5 days after admission were included in the non-END group. The data set was randomly divided into a training set and a test set according to the ratio of 7∶3, and the test set was used to evaluate the model performance. In the training set, univariate analysis was performed with R software, and for variables with P

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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the moderating effect of the level of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) health culture literacy in Sichuan Province on the relationship between socioeconomic status and health equity, and to provide new methods for addressing health inequities because of socioeconomic disparities. Methods From June to October 2022, a multi-stage stratified probability proportionate to size sampling (PPS) method was used to conduct a survey using the a National Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Culture Literacy Survey Questionnairen among residents aged 15 to 69 in 14 counties and districts in Sichuan Province. The questionnaire included demographic information, self-rated health status, income, and TCM health culture literacy. The concentration index method in Stata 18 software was used to analyze the fairness of health resource allocation in China. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the general demographic data of the survey subjects and differences in health status among different groups. Regression analysis was conducted using PROCESS v4.2 to determine whether TCM health culture literacy had a moderating effect based on the interaction coefficient, with a significance level set at ot =0.05. Results In 2022, the concentration indices for medical and health institutions, health technical personnel, and medical bed allocation in Sichuan Province were 0.05043, 0.28240, and 0.19895, respectively. Income level was found to be a positive influencing factor of health status. The interaction between income level and TCM health culture literacy had a moderating effect on self-rated health status, with the interaction coefficient of -0.049 (P<0.05). The simple slope test showed that for individuals with low literacy, income level significantly moderated health status (Effect=0.044t) s尸0.013, P=0.001); for those with moderate literacy, income level significantly moderated health status (Effect =0.025, s-O.009, P=0.008); and for those with high literacy, income level did not significantly moderate health status (Effect=0.006, s尸0.012, P=0,645). Conclusion Health inequality in Sichuan Province remains prominent, but TCM health culture literacy can attenuate the influence of socioeconomic status on health status, narrowing the health gap among different population groups. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate policies to improve TCM health culture literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Department of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Regarding the impacts of failures among elevator components, a combination model based on decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and interpretation structural model (ISM) was proposed to establish the hierarchical model for elevator component failure. The method of determining the direct impact matrix was enhanced. Firstly, the evaluation of the elevator-component fault correlation was obtained from various aspects. Secondly, the entropy weight method (EWM) was used to determine the weight of the evaluation and calculate the direct impact matrix. Finally, the elevator-component failure correlation model was utilized to derive the elevator-component failure causality and failure transmission rules. The results show that the motor, brake and speed limiter are strong-cause components, while the traction rope, car and guidance system components are strong-effect components. The elevator-component failure correlation rules manifest as either same-level or cross-level transmission. Through an analysis of component failure mechanisms, the fault transfer rules obtained through the proposed method align with the actual operation of the elevator system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To analyze the postoperative complications of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap with different donor site closure methods. Methods Retrospective analysis from June 2017 to June 2020, 52 patients with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap were treated in Department of Hand Surgery, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital. Including free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in 30 cases, pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in 22 cases, wound repair in 43 cases and limb function reconstruction in 9 cases. The flap area was 10 cm×4 cm~43 cm×15 cm and the operation time was 2.0~10.5 h. Direct suture was performed in 36 cases and skin grafting in 16 cases. According to the closing mode of the donor area, the patients were divided into direct suture group and skin grafting group, and the complications of the two groups were compared. Results All patients were followed up for 6 to 38 months. the complications in the direct suture group were hematoma in 2 cases, infection in 1 case, partial incision dehiscence in 2 cases, centipede hyperplastic scar in 13 cases, scar contracture in 1 case. The complications in the skin grafting group were hematoma in 4 cases, skin graft necrosis in 4 cases, centipede foot hyperplasia in 5 cases, muscle scar in 7 cases, scar contracture in 1 cases, shoulder dysfunction in 1 cases and depressed deformity in 3 cases. There was no significant difference in the incidence of hematoma, infection, wound laceration and dyskinesia among the complications of different donor site closure methods (P>0.05). The incidence of abnormal scar and sunken deformity in the suture group was lower than that in the skin graft group (P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The complications can be effectively prevented by reducing incision tension and cosmetic suture. Reducing unnecessary skin grafting can effectively prevent the occurrence of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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