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目的观察L-茶氨酸是否在咪喹莫特（IMQ）诱导的银屑病小鼠中具有止痒作用并初步探讨机制。方法将IMQ软膏局部应用于小鼠背部皮肤建立银屑病模型；L-茶氨酸经口服（10 mg/kg∙d）或病损皮肤局部涂抹（50、125、250 mmol/L，2次/d）进行防治处理。采用抓挠等自发性行为学测试检测治疗效果；并运用免疫荧光染色（IF）、Western Blot（WB）及原代背根神经节（DRG）神经元培养技术探讨相关机制。结果口服L-茶氨酸对IMQ诱导的瘙痒无明显作用，但病损皮肤局部应用明显改善银屑病模型小鼠皮肤不舒适感诱发的舔或咬及畏缩等自发性行为，并呈浓度依赖性。IF和WB结果显示，L-茶氨酸不仅能抑制模型小鼠皮肤TNF-α过表达，还能阻止β3-tubulin神经纤维的异常生长和瘙痒相关分子瞬态受体电位香草酸1（TRPV1）的上调。体外实验进一步证实L-茶氨酸能浓度依赖性地直接抑制IMQ引起的CGRP+、β3-tubulin+神经突起异常生长。结论局部应用L-茶氨酸通过抑制皮肤神经纤维的异常生长缓解小鼠银屑病模型的皮肤瘙痒不适感。因此，L-茶氨酸局部给药可成为治疗银屑病慢性瘙痒的一种潜在方法。

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery is the property of Chinese Journal of Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Industrial Water Treatment is the property of CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research & Design Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to deeply understand the current situation and challenges of Cistanche deserticola industry in Alxa League, and formulate corresponding countermeasures to promote the high-quality development of this industry. This study investigated the production situation and relevant literature research, the development present characteristics of Cistanche deserticola industry in Alxa League were summarized, the current development shortcomings and the high quality implementation countermeasures of Cistanche deserticola industry were analyzed and explored, to realize the increasing of peasants' income and the sand industry efficiency, built ecological barrier for the "Three-North Shelterbelt". And it also has great historical significance to promote the modernization of the under-forest economy and implement the high-quality rural revitalization strategy. The research showed that the natural environment in Alxa League was suitable for the cultivation of Cistanche deserticola and the planting scale was constantly expanding. The planting and processing technology system, product system and brand promotion system were initially formed, and the industrial policy system was gradually improving. In the development process of Cistanche deserticola industry in Alxa League, the natural conditions were harsh, there were difficulties in standardized planting, shortcomings in the links such as short industrial value chain, the industrial cluster effect and brand benefits were not obvious, the deep processing of products was insufficient, the added value of products was low, and marketing construction was insufficient, resulting in the absence of products in the big health market. In view of above problems, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward, in order to walk out of the road of high-quality development of Cistanche deserticola industry with the characteristics of Alxa League, and build the Cistanche deserticola industry into a sample industry of industrial ecology and ecological industrialization in Alxa League. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics / Jisuan Lixue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics Editorial Office, Dalian University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的 核算2018年上海市预防服务费用, 分析公共卫生的投入与补偿模式, 提出针对性的对策建议。方法 基于卫生费用核算体系2011（System of Health Accounts 2011 Edition, SHA 2011), 核算并阐述上海市预防服务费用的基本情况、功能配置、筹资补偿和机构流向。基于样本机构, 梳理公共卫生投入及补偿情况。结果 上海市预防服务总费用为151.66亿元, 占经常性卫生费用的7.61%, 人均预防服务费用为625.72元。预防服务费用主要用于其他项目、健康体检、免疫规划和慢性病管理等项目；主要发生在医院、基层医疗卫生机构和公共卫生机构, 分别占47.24%、36.60%和16.16%；筹资来源以政府方案、家庭卫生支出和企业筹资方案为主。结论 预防服务提供成本难以准确衡量, 需从源头把控数据填报质量, 加强核算数据精确性。公立医院公共卫生的投入与补偿需进一步明确政府责任, 完善机制建设, 稳步推进“医防融合”模式转变。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pelvic abscess is one of the most common acute abdominal diseases in women of childbearing age. Traditional antibiotic conservative treatment is usually delayed and difficult to completely cure. Some patients can fail conservative treatment and switch to surgery. Pelvic abscess not only causes chronic pelvic pain, but also affects female reproductive and endocrine functions. Severe cases can endanger the patient′s life. Laparoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pelvic abscess. Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery is safe and effective. In patients undergoing early operation, the course of disease was significantly shortened and symptoms were alleviated in the aspects of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative body temperature recovery and intestinal function recovery. Patients have a high rate of tubal recanalization, and have more chances to retain the uterus and appendix, improve reproductive endocrine function, reduce pelvic recurrence, and improve quality of life. Laparoscopic surgery should be performed as early as possible in patients who are expected to fail in simple antibiotic conservative therapy and in young women with fertility requirements. In addition, individual surgical procedures should be formulated. Because the operation of pelvic abscess is relatively complicated, it is recommended to be performed by a gynecologist who is proficient in laparoscopic techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Resources & Environment / Nongye Ziyuan yu Huanjing Xuebao is the property of Journal of Agricultural Resources & Environment Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective： To explore the effects of medication adherence， self-management ability of patients and diabetes education on blood glucose control in diabetic patients. Methods： General demographic information， medical history， blood glucose monitoring information， medical education on diabetes mellitus were collected from 259 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus， who sought medical care in the expert outpatient department， Chongming Branch of Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital by using the self-designed questionnaire. Medication adherence of the diabetic patients was analyzed by Morisky medication adherence method. The obtained data was statistically analyzed by chi-square test. The relationship between general information and medication adherence， and the relationship between medication adherence or patient self-management ability and target-achieving of blood glucose standards were analyzed in the study. Results： Two hundred and fifty-nine copies of questionnaire were issued to the patients， and 230 valid questionnaires were retrieved， with an effective recovery rate of 88.8%. Of the 230 patients， 122 (53.04%) had good medication adherence and 108(46.96%) had poor adherence. The average level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was (9.54±2.72)%. 131 cases (56.96%) met the set blood glucose standards but 99 cases (43.04%) failed to meet. The patients without smoking or alcoholism displayed better medication adherence (P<0.05). However， smoking and alcoholism had little effect on the rate of reaching the set blood glucose standards. The rate of reaching the set blood glucose standards of patients with regular blood glucose monitoring and diabetes education was significantly higher than that of the patients without regular blood glucose monitoring and diabetes education (P<0.05). Conclusion： Medication adherence of patients was affected by many factors. Regular monitoring of blood glucose and effective obedience to health guidance could help patients to control blood glucose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics (1000-0887) is the property of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Net primary productivity is a key index of production capacity of grassland ecosystem, and is also an important indicator of carbon fixation of ecosystem. With MODIS MOD17A3 net primary productivity (NPP) data and meteorological data, we analyzed the effects of human activities on NPP in the Xilingol grassland from 2001 to 2010. NPPA (actual NPP) was influenced by both climate change and human activities. NPPA was mainly in the range of 41.32-362.27 g C·m-2·a-1 with average value of 150.78 g C·m-2·a-1, and showed horizontal zonal feature gradually decreasing from east to west. NPPA in the meadow steppe was the highest, followed by that in typical steppe, while NPPA in the desert steppe was the lowest. NPPH (NPP affected by human activities) was mainly in the range of -185.07- 153.92 g C·m-2·a-1 with average value of -34.80 g C·m-2·a-1 in the Xilingol grassland. Human activities had negative effects on 93.4% of the study area, and had positive effects on only 6.6% of the area. However, the impact of human activities on NPP is changing from negative effect to positive effect in most of the area. There is a boundary between the southern and the northern Xilingol grassland. The negative effect is strengthening in the southern area, while the positive effect is strengthening in the northern area. The study provided references for the management and sustainable utilization of grassland resources in the Xilingol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Returning maize straw into soil has been demonstrated to improve soil organic matter and increase crop yields, and widely used in China. However, previous studies demonstrated that the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of maize straw tend to slow down the natural decay rate, thereby reducing the utilization efficiency. Consequently, this can lead to low stand establishment and reduce plant growth and yield of crops in next season, particularly in northeast China. Currently, the problem has not been solved yet regardless of being chopped or burned before returning into soil. Moreover, it is not lawful for the latter one. Therefore, effective practices for accelerating the decomposition and promoting the nutrients release of maize straw should be developed to cope with these challenges. In order to explore a more appropriate pretreatment, a successive laboratory incubation experiment was conducted in Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences with four pretreatments: ammoniated, acidized, microwaved and non-treated treatments. In this experiment, net bag method was used to investigate the decomposing and C, N, P and K releasing characteristics of maize straw. The results showed that the decomposition rate of maize straw were more than 50% after 100 d incubation in all treatments, especially higher decomposition rate were observed in the ammoniated and acidized treatments than those of other treatments. The decomposition rate with ammoniated, acidized and microwaved treatments was 89.22%, 91.68% and 82.26% after 300 d incubation, respectively. In contrast, the decomposition rate with non-treated treatment was 80.81%, which was lower than that of the other three treatments but significant difference was observed only among the ammoniated, acidized and non-treated treatments. Likewise, most of the C, N, P and K in maize straw have been released on the first 100 d incubation. During those days, the acidized treatment increased the N, P and K release rate by 23.95%, 13.11% and 4.27% when compared to non-treated treatment, respectively. Also, the ammoniated treatment increased the N release rate by 9.69% and the microwaved treatment increased the C release rate by 4.28% during this period. After a successive 300 d laboratory incubation, the acidized treatment was more advantageous to the release of K and P, which was 7.73% and 6.34% greater than non-treated treatment, respectively. However, the ammoniated treatment was more advantageous to the release of N and P, which was 6.16% and 5.41% greater than non-treated treatment, respectively. In this period, the microwaved treatment slightly (1.61%) increased K release rate but decreased C, N and P release rate, compared to non-treated treatment. The present results suggest that both the ammoniated and acidized treatments promoted the decomposition and C, N, P and K release rate of maize straw, especially the acidized treatment. It is should be note that microwaved treatment had no significant effectiveness even lowed the decomposition and C, N and P release rate during latter period. However, in light of the environmental difference between laboratory incubation experiment and field trail, further studies are needed to investigate the performance of different pretreatments for maize straw in the actual agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nursing of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)