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分布式屋顶光伏地理位置分散，受地理环境遮挡和多种气象因素影响，导致光伏出力特性存在差异，给变电站级分布式屋顶光伏日前功率预测造成挑战。针对上述问题，提出了一种基于双重注意力变换模型的分布式屋顶光伏变电站级日前功率预测方法。首先，基于动态时间规整算法计算分布式光伏用户出力特性间的相似度，并基于凝聚层次聚类法将其划分成若干类；然后，利用自主注意力网络学习各时间步间的时序关联特性，通道卷积注意力机制学习多特征变量间的相关性，构建日前功率预测模型；最后，将每一类日前预测结果相加，实现变电站级日前功率预测。算例结果表明所提方法在多种天气状况下，较Transformer、长短期记忆神经网络和时序卷积网络，预测精度显著提升。

将神经网络用于场景几何材质的高效表达，结合逆向渲染在二维光度图的监督下重建高质量的网格和材质贴图，为现有的图形学流水线提供服务——神经渲染已成为近年来计算机图形学新的研究热点。在IRON（inverse rendering by optimizing neural SDFs and materials from photometric images）神经渲染模型基础上，通过引入多分辨率哈希编码，采用冻结训练等方法提高原始模型的训练速度。在多个数据集上的对比实验表明，优化后的IRON逆渲染模型训练速度提升了约40%，且重建结果中包含更多细节。

光网络中引入了共享风险链路组（SRLG）的概念,要求工作通道与保护通道不能处于同一个SRLG之中。文章提出了一种基于SRLG限制的动态共享通道保护算法——动态链路权重配置（Dynamic Link Weight Configuration,DLWC）算法,该算法的关键在于为链路定义了两个动态权重。在计算工作通道和保护通道时,它能综合解决SRLG限制、动态负载均衡和自陷等3个关键问题。

文章提出了一种波分复用（WDM）多粒度网络中的静态波带通道分配算法———平衡路由双向首次命中算法（BBFF,Bal-anced-routing-B id irectional-F irst-fit）。该算法旨在减少全网多粒度全光域光交叉连接器（MG-PXC）的端口数,降低网络成本和控制复杂度。算法在路由选择阶段尽量保证全网负载平衡;在波长分配阶段采用改进了的首次命中（FF）算法,减少了因配置零散波长通道而无法建立波带通道的可能。仿真结果表明,BBFF算法的两个特征,都有效地减少了MG-PXC的端口数,降低了网络成本。

随着数据业务的爆炸式增长,如何在光网络中有效地利用宝贵的带宽资源已经成为研究人员所关注的焦点。基于时间分配带宽业务（SBS）是自动交换光网络（ASON）中的一种新型业务,可以被认为是传统的按需分配带宽（Bandwidth on De-mand,BoD）业务的一种具体实现,SBS的出现既可以有效地为运营商节省宝贵的带宽资源,又可以降低用户的成本开销。文章从管理模型、实现方法以及社会价值等几个方面对SBS进行了详细的描述。

波分复用（WDM）全光网是下一代骨干网的核心,网络的生存性问题是构建WDM全光网的关键技术之一。文章对网状拓扑中的虚环保护机制进行了研究,并对一种基于生成树的虚环构成算法进行了分析。基于生成树的虚环构成算法可应用于各种网状拓扑,具有良好的适应性,同时还避免了P 圈法中复杂的"Hamilton"环的搜索问题。

随着波分复用（WDM）技术的迅速商用化,骨干网络传输带宽呈现爆炸式增长的趋势,这使得网络生存性变得越来越重要。传统的网络生存性包括保护和恢复两种机制,而恢复机制直接影响着网络失效以后其承载业务的可靠性。文章综合前人的研究成果,从3个角度出发,提出了3种不同的恢复算法,并通过仿真数据对这3种算法性能进行了分析。

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Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的探讨喂养不耐受早产儿口服益生菌前后肠道菌群变化。方法选取30例喂养不耐受早产儿为观 察组 (T组), 30例喂养耐受良好早产儿为对照组 (C组), 患儿均以配方奶为主, 每2h喂养1次。将观察组和对照组 患儿分为服用益生菌和未服用益生菌两亚组, 标记为TU(观察组口服益生菌)、TN(观察组未口服益生菌)、CU(对照 组口服益生菌)、CN(对照组未服用益生菌)。服用益生菌组患儿生后3d开始口服益生菌, 每日2次, 连续使用至达 全量喂养。益生菌的种类为长型双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳酸杆菌和粪肠球菌的复合制剂, 含活菌数不低于1×107cfu, 5mL温开水溶解, 用注射器缓慢注入口腔, 每日2次。口服益生菌前收集大便标本, 分别记作TU1、TN1、CUI、 CN1, 吃奶量达140mL/kg后留取第2次大便标本, 分别记作TU2、TN2、CU2、CN2, 进行 16S 测序分析, 比较各组早 产儿肠道菌群的物种相对丰度、Alpha多样性分析结果、组间群落结构差异结果、物种差异分析结果。结果肠 道菌群的优势物种C组与T组相比, T组Clostridioides 相对丰度下降, 梭菌属相对丰度上升, 差异有统计学意义 (P均< 0.05), 与TU1相比, 肠道菌群优势物种中TU2葡萄球菌属相对丰度下降, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); TU2与TN2 的dominance 和 Simpson 两个指标组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); CU1与TU1、CU2与TU2肠道菌群群落结构均 存在差异, 且差异有统计学意义 (P均<0.05), 而TU1、TU2的肠道菌群群落结构差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); LEfSe 分析显示CN1和TN1富集菌种存在差异, TU1与TU2富集菌种亦存在差异。结论喂养不耐受早产儿的肠道菌群 存在明显紊乱和失衡, 菌群的多样性和均匀度较低, 应用益生菌后微生物丰度增加。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective］ This study aimed to investigate the effects of different modified corn straw bio chars on the water retention and fertilizer conservation capacity of arid loess soil and their effects on crop growth. Methods］ The corn straw biochar produced by pyrolysis at 5()() °C for 2 h under a nitrogen atmosphere was modified by immersion in 1 mol/L H3\yO;］, NaOH, and NH4 Cl reagents, respectively, to obtain different modified corn straw biochars. The elemental composition, and physical and chemical properties such as pore structure, of the biochar were systematically characterized. Pot experiments were used to examine soil water retention, nutrient conservation, and plant growth using soil treated with different ratios of fertilizer and biochar. Results］ Tn terms of the physicochemical properties of bio char, the oxygen content in the modified bio char increased by 4.73% ~ 9.18%, while the ash content decreased by 1 2. 69% 〜2(). 70%. The pH significantly decreased, and the increase in O/C ratio indicated enhanced hydrophilicity of the biochar. The specific surface area of the modified bio char increased by 3.26 〜5.19 times, and the total pore volume increased by 3 〜6 times. Tn terms of soil water retention and nutrient conservation properties, under the treatments of mixed application of biochar and fertilizer, soil bulk density decreased with the increase of the biochar-to-fertilizer ratio, and soil porosity increased by 2.42% 〜4. ()7%. The field water-holding capacity increased with the biochar-to-fertilizer ratio, with the highest value of 37.38% observed under the NaOH-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio of 2 5 1. When the NHdCl-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was 2: 1, soil organic matter and total potassium contents reached the highest values, being 8.23 and 15.17 g/kg, respectively. The highest total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents were ().37 and ().95 g/kg, respectively, when the H3 modified biochar-to--fertiliser ratios were 1: 1 and 2: 1. Mixed application of modified biochar and organic fertilizer could increase available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants. The growth promotion effect on corn plants was most significant when the NH- Cl- modified biochar-to--fertiliser ratio was 1: 2, and it was noted that an excessively high biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was not suitable. Conclusion] Tn the arid regions of the loess hilly area, considering various factors, the application of NH- Cl-modified bio char with a fertilizer ratio of 1: 1 and mixed with organic fertilizer can enhance the soil's water retention and nutrient conservation properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (Natural Science Edition) / Nanjing Xinxi Gongcheng Daxue Xuebao (ziran kexue ban) is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In this paper, the Er∶YAG passively Q-switched laser using a xenon lamp side-pumping method and based on a graphene saturable absorber was investigated. Firstly, the graphene saturable absorber was successfully prepared by transferring graphene to the Al2 O3 substrate, and its properties such as morphology, structure, and chemical state were characterized. In addition, the characteristics of the Er∶YAG passively Q-switched laser based on graphene saturable absorber were studied. The results show that the single pulse energy increases from 0. 4 mJ to 7 mJ, the output laser single pulse width decreases from 761. 2 ns to 510 ns, and the maximum peak power is 13. 7 kW. The central wavelength of the laser is located at 2 935 and 2 945 nm, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) corresponding to the main wavelength at 2 935 nm is 1. 535 nm. The beam quality factors along the x and y directions are 4. 45 and 5. 76, respectively. This study provides an effective reference for developing lower cost 2. 94 μm band Er∶YAG lasers with simple and compact resonant cavity designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The computed tomography (CT) scanning test during the destruction of coal rock specimens can achieve visual characterization of the internal fracture structure of coal rock specimens. However, during the loading process, the displacement and deformation of the specimens will cause positioning errors in the CT scanning layers, which will affect the accuracy of the test results. To solve this problem, the image similarity retrieval technique was utilized to retrieve the most similar CT images of the loaded specimens under different stress levels, to more accurately describe the fracture evolution law of the loaded coal samples. The results show that during the triaxial compressive damage process, the stress-strain curve of the specimen is divided into five distinct phases, the initial compression-density phase, the linear-elastic deformation phase, the plastic yielding phase, the peak damage phase, and the residual deformation phase. The image retrieval technique based on the perceptual Hash algorithm can accurately identify and locate CT images with the highest similarity in different stress stages, and CT image similarity decreases with increasing axial load. Throughout the triaxial loading process, the mean absolute difference in similarity of CT images shows two distinct stages of change: a slowly increasing stage and a rapidly increasing stage. The fractal dimension can quantitatively describe fracture evolution, and the fractal dimension mainly experienced three stages of slow decrease, slow increase, and rapid increase during the damage process of loaded samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In recent years, the utilization of neural networks to represent 3D scenes for novel view synthesis has emerged as a new research focus in computer graphics, known as neural rendering. Neural networks can also be applied to efficiently represent the geometry and materials of scenes, enabling the reconstruction of high-quality meshes and texture maps under the supervision of 2D photometric images in inverse rendering, thus serving existing graphics pipelines. In this paper, we extend the latest inverse rendering by optimizing neural SDFs and materials from photometric images (IRON) neural rendering model by introducing a multiresolution hash encoding technique and employing strategies such as freezing parameters to enhance the training speed of the original model. Through comparative evaluations on multiple datasets, we achieve approximately 40% improvement in training speed compared to the original model, while producing reconstructions with more details. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Hydrogen energy is a kind of green and low-carbon secondary energy, and it is a hot research field to mix hydrogen into natural gas pipelines for large-scale transportation. However, due to the change of physical parameters of hydrogen and natural gas, the pipeline has problems such as blockage, hydrogen embrittlement, leakage, accumulation, combustion and explosion. Based on this, Aspen HYSYS software was used to select representative data, and theoretical research, data simulation and data analysis were used to simulate and analyze the physical property change law and pipeline hydrate formation after natural gas and hydrogen mixing under different mixing ratios. The results show that with the increase of mixed hydrogen ratio, the temperature of mixed gas decreases first and then increases, and the lowest temperature is reached at 36% mixed hydrogen ratio. The gas mass density and specific heat capacity ratioafter mixing are negatively correlated with the hydrogen mixing ratio. Mass enthalpy, mass entropy, mass reference calorific value, Z factor, thermal conductivity and kinematic viscosity are positively correlated with hydrogen mixing ratio. With the increase of hydrogen mixing ratio, the hydrate formation temperature decreases and the pressure increases. It can be seen that proper mixing of a small amount of hydrogen in natural gas pipelines can inhibit the formation of hydrates. The variation law of physical parameters of mixed hydrogen natural gas provides a data basis for exploring the optimal mixed hydrogen ratio under different conditions and ensuring the safety of pipeline transportation and use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the prediction accuracy of coal mine gas concentration this paper proposes to use autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and gated recycler unit (GRU) model to predict each modal component after the variational mode decomposition of gas concentration series. Then a variable weight combination prediction model is constructed by using the induced generalized ordered weighted function average (IGOWFA) operator. The analysis and comparison of experimental data show that compared with the single prediction method or the fixed weight combination prediction method, the prediction results of this method have higher prediction accuracy, which provides a basis for coal mine to judge the probability of gas accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As a laser gain media, rare-earth ion doped fluoride crystals have advantages of high transparency in a wide wavelength range, low phonon-energy, long fluorescence lifetimes and negative thermal dependence of refractive index, and can emit lasers from ultraviolet to mid-infrared. In this paper, the research progress of our group in the growth, optical and laser properties of rare-earth ion doped fluoride crystals (LiLuF4, LiYF4, BaY2F8, LaF3, PbF2, CeF3) are reviewed. The rare-earth ion co-doping effects of sensitization, deactivation, energy level coupling and emission spectra broadening are introduced, and the development trend of rare-earth ion doped fluoride laser crystal in the future is prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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