Search

The promotion of ecological civilization necessitates the optimization of environmental governance modes. Rigid and flexible modes of environmental governance differ in their connotations and legalization pathways, but they serve complementary functions. Increasing the proportion of flexible environmental governance mechanisms within the Ecological and Environmental Code while shaping a dualistic pattern integrating both rigid and flexible environmental governance modes represents a necessary and legitimate strategy to meet the demands of ecological civilization construction. The integration of rigid and flexible environmental governance modes into the Ecological and Environmental Code has significant implications in multiple aspects: ① This integration leverages the advantages of rigid and flexible environmental governance, facilitates multi-stakeholder consensus building, maximizes environmental benefits, and promotes comprehensive societal transformation. ② It helps maintain the stability and openness of the internal structure of the Ecological and Environmental Code, reduces the conflict of governance norms, and meets the requirements for building a sound code system. ③ It balances the national and international features of such a Code while enhancing their global influence. The systematic configuration of rigid and flexible environmental governance modes in the Ecological and Environmental Code should follow a holistic overall approach. Each mode should adhere to the principle of ‘moderate codification,’ establish a ‘comprehensive-divisional’ logical framework, and distill and clarify subordinate legal guiding principles as well as an ‘institutional database.’ This process aims to form a ‘dispersed-integrated’ matching pattern for the implementation of the norms. Specific institutions should be assessed on the basis of 'fundamentality' and reasonably arranged in the ‘general provisions’ or sub-provisions, in accordance with the value orientation of each part of the code. The realization of the effectiveness of rigid and flexible environmental governance is the result of the sound operation of the governance institutions within the Ecological and Environmental Code. The safeguard measures for effectiveness realization are reflected in legislation, law enforcement, and judicial proceedings, specifically including: ① Laying the foundation for improved governance effectiveness through internal refinement of governance institutions and transformation of their external characteristics. ② Optimizing the exercise of administrative power, improving the intelligence and discretionary nature of the exercise of power, and facilitating collaboration among governance measures. ③ Identifying the nature of disputes arising in the course of the application of institutions and adopting corresponding dispute resolution procedures so as to effectively configure the responsibilities of the environmental governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Population Resources & Environment is the property of Shandong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In view of the problems of USV path planning in complex environment, such as large steering angle, many turning points, and high energy consumption, a path planning and smoothing method based on improved ant colony optimization is proposed. The method adopts the grid method for environmental modeling, and improves the path optimization and static obstacle avoidance ability by introducing the path smoothness and distance heuristic factor into the heuristic function and introducing the obstacle heuristic factor into the path transition probability. Combined with heuristic factors, the pheromone update standard is improved, and the adaptability of the algorithm to increase the volatile factor of pheromone can be adjusted. And then the key nodes of the optimal path are extracted and smoothed to further guarantee path smoothness and security. According to the simulation results of obstacle avoidance under different grid map, compared with the traditional ACO, the path optimization speed of improved ACO is increased by 45%～62%, and the steering times of path is reduced by 25%～44 %. Moreover, the path security and feasibility after smoothing are improved. The above results show that the autonomous path planning of USV in different environments is realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fundamental way of governing the country rests on the rule of law. However, the scope of research and practice concerning the 'dual carbon' goals mainly concentrates on policy pilots, carbon-related markets, green finance, industry regulation, low-carbon technology, new energy transformation, and other new fields, while the legal response to the goals is slightly lagging behind and remains an imperative task. Therefore, more importance should be attached to the rule of law than the technical aspects. Logical expression of the rule of law unlocks the legal response to the 'dual carbon' goals and should be examined from four dimensions of the rule of law, including its conceptual purpose, core contents, responsibility allocation, and operation mechanism. Specifically, the conceptual purpose should balance the relationship between environmental and economic development; the core contents should serve as the scientific framework of carbon-related public and private rights; the responsibility allocation should serve as the stabilizer of responsibilities among multiple carbon-related subjects; and the operation mechanism should serve as the overall interaction between carbon-related law enforcement and justice. The exact orientation of the legal response provides the basis for the 'dual carbon' goals, which should be carried out from four perspectives: legislative purpose, authority structure, responsibility subject, and interaction mechanism. Legislative purpose should be focused rather than decentralized, authority structure should be reasonably allocated rather than rigid, responsibility subject should be balanced and multiple rather than unitary, and a highly efficient interaction mechanism should be established rather than resorting to inefficient segments. Environmental justice is indispensable to the legal response to the 'dual carbon' goals, calling for specialized reform as the carrier of the path and the direction, so as to strengthen the power of justice to smoothly pave the way for the green and low-carbon transformation. To sum up, the innovation of the legal response to the 'dual carbon' goals entails a three-term strategy: in the short term, relevant legislative interpretation and judicial interpretation should be established to push the policies towards laws; in the middle term, the support of the Environmental Code should be used to boost the evolution of the systematization and codification of legal norms; and in the long term, a responsive rule of law model should be established to ensure substantive justice and achieve the ultimate goal of substantive rule of law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Environmental crime is the most extreme behavior of environmental pollution and ecological destruction, which is not allowed by ethics. The purpose of ecological economic ethics is lo provide necessary moral defense for the development of ecological economy and create necessary moral order or moral atmosphere. The study of environmental crime should not only be limited to law; it should also he extended at least to ecological economic ethics. Therefore, this paper attempts to use a method of combining value analysis, normative analysis and empirical analysis to study that. The study finds that: From the perspective of constitutive elements and related factors, environmental crime involves six elements: subject, subjectivity, object, objectivity, sentencing and crime. Ecological economic ethics regulates economy and explores its rationality with ecological ethics, from the aspects of moral consciousness, moral norms and moral practice. These variables can be combined, and three groups of corresponding correlation models can he established, which are subject, subjectivity and moral consciousness; object, objectivity and moral norms; sentencing, crime and moral practice. The details of 17 specific charges of environmental crimes in China' s criminal legislation fully confirm the rationality of these three groups of models. It also shows that the dimensionality aspects of ecological economic ethics of environmental crimes are not balanced and non-linear. And the overall data of environmental crimes in China and the specific situation of typical environmental criminal cases published by the Supreme Court show that the existing judicial regulations are not enough for the demand of ecological economic ethics of environmental crimes, while environmental judicature is still at the level of being a tool of protection rather than of ultimate value. Therefore, this paper suggests that a systematic scheme should be introduced to improve the judicial regulation of environmental crime. As a foundation, we should optimize the charge setting of environmental crimes, set up ecological destruction as a crime; as the core, we should emphasize the deliberation process of environmental criminal trial, promote the realization of green justice; accordingly we should pay attention to the connection of environmental administrative law enforcement and criminal offence, especially the transformation and recognition of evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Qing History Journal is the property of Renmin University of China, Institute of Qing History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Qing History Journal is the property of Renmin University of China, Institute of Qing History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)