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BACKGROUND: Cartilage lesions are the key to the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. Exploring the function of chondrocytes and developing drugs for chondrocyte protection and pro-secretion of type II collagen are important means to clinically cure osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the protective effect of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on interleukin-1β-induced inflammation of chondrocytes and to explore whether the Hippo-YAP pathway is involved in this effect and its potential mechanism. METHODS: Chondrocytes from the tibia and femur of Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and cultured. Chondrocytes in the logarithmic growth phase were divided into five groups: blank group in which the cells were routinely cultured, model group in which the cells were treated with interleukin-1β to induce inflammatory injury in chondrocytes, astragaloside IV group in which the cells were treated with interleukin-1β + astragaloside IV, NC-siRNA group in which the cells were transfected with NC-siRNA + interleukin-1β + astragaloside IV, YAP1-siRNA group in which the cells were transfected with YAP1-siRNA+interleukin- 1β+astragaloside IV. Relevant measurements were performed after 48 hours of culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell viability was significantly lower in the model group than the blank group (P < 0.05), significantly higher in the astragaloside IV, NC-siRNA, and YAP1-siRNA groups than the model group (P < 0.05), and significantly higher in the YAP1-siRNA group than the NC-siRNA group (P < 0.05). The apoptotic rate was significantly higher in the model group than the blank group (P < 0.05), significantly lower in the astragaloside IV, NC-siRNA, and YAP1- siRNA transfection groups than the model group (P < 0.05), and significantly lower in the YAP1-siRNA group than the NC-siRNA group (P < 0.05). RT-qRCR results showed that compared with the blank group, the mRNA expressions of metalloproteinase 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 were significantly higher in the model group (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expressions of YAP1 and TEAD1 were significantly lower in the model group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of YAP1 in the astragaloside IV group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the NC-siRNA group, the mRNA expressions of metalloproteinase 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 were significantly higher in the YAP1-siRNA group (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expressions of YAP1 and TEAD1 were significantly lower in the YAP1-siRNA group (P < 0.05). Western blot results revealed that compared with the blank group, the protein expressions of metalloproteinase 1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, and YAP1 were significantly higher in the model group (P < 0.05), while the protein expressions of type II collagen, TEAD1, and p-YAP1 were significantly lower in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the NC-siRNA group, the protein expressions of metalloproteinase 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 were significantly higher in the YAP1-siRNA group (P < 0.05), while the protein expressions of type II collagen, TEAD1, and p-YAP1 were significantly lower in the YAP1-siRNA group (P < 0.05). To conclude, astragaloside IV has a protective effect on interleukin-1β-induced inflammation of chondrocytes, which may be related to the Hippo-YAP pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The imbalance of extracellular matrix metabolism affects the structure support and intercellular signal transduction, cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the role of extracellular matrix in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis, and review its application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. METHODS: WanFang, CNKI, PubMed and MEDLINE databases were retrieved respectively with the keywords of “osteoarthritis, cartilage, cartilage cells, extracellular matrix, treatment, signaling pathway, biomarkers, tissue engineering” in Chinese and English, respectively. Articles regarding the role of extracellular matrix in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis published from 2014 to 2021 were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1)As an important component of articular cartilage, the extracellular matrix provides nutrients to chondrocytes, and forms a complex three-dimensional structure with protective effect and suitable for the growth of chondrocytes. (2)The extracellular matrix is a place for chondrocytes to exchange information with the environment, to feel and respond to external stimuli, and thereby to regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and other behaviors. (3)Extracellular matrix also contains a large number of biomarkers, such as type II collagen carboxy-terminal peptide, type II collagen α1 and matrix metalloproteinase, which can be used for auxiliary diagnosis and differential diagnosis of a variety of diseases including osteoarthritis. (4)In terms of treatment, tissue engineering strategies based on the extracellular matrix have been widely used in a variety of tissue regeneration studies and play an important role in cartilage tissue engineering, such as simple acellular extracellular matrix scaffolds, extracellular matrix scaffolds loaded with stem cells or specific drugs to induce cell behaviors, and composite scaffolds with bionic natural extracellular matrix structure and biological functions. (5)In conclusion, cartilage extracellular matrix has broad research and application prospects in the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. However, there are few studies related to cartilage extracellular matrix changes and the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis, and there are much fewer studies related to clinical application. However, how to make full use of the physicochemical properties of extracellular matrix and give full play to the functions of each component in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases still needs more in-depth research, in order to achieve more accurate diagnosis and staging of osteoarthritis, and provide better treatment means. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)