Search

Surface defect detection is crucial for ensuring product performance, quality, aesthetics, and production efficiency. Despite rapid advancements in artificial intelligence in the field of visual inspection, developing machine vision learning based on biological visual cognition remains a challenging issue requiring in-depth research. This paper proposes a surface defect detection network based on human visual cognitive mechanism (HVCM-Net). Specifically, at the macro level, by simulating the working principles of the foveal and parafoveal areas on the retina, a parallel backbone network consisting of a foveal vision branch and a peripheral vision branch is proposed, learning high spatial frequency local details and low spatial frequency global semantics from defective images. At the micro level, the dynamic weighting fusion module (DWFM) dynamically integrates the output feature maps of the two branches in an adaptive manner, enabling the model to learn and filter more comprehensive, accurate, and complementary defect features. Additionally, the fusion branch introduces the feature preserving downsampling (FPD) module that employs patch merging technique, effectively alleviating the issue of minor defect information loss caused by traditional downsampling. HVCM-Net achieves superior detection performance on defect datasets GB-DET, NEU-DET, and DAGM2007 compared to other algorithms, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.(进行表面缺陷检测是确保产品性能、质量、美观度以及生产效率的重要手段。尽管人工智能在视觉检测领域取得了飞速发展，但基于生物视觉认知指导机器视觉学习的方法，仍是研究难点。提出了一种基于人类视觉认知机制的表面缺陷检测网络（HVCM-Net）。在宏观层面，模拟视网膜上中央凹和中央凹外区域的工作原理，提出了中央视觉分支和外周视觉分支并行的骨干网络，分别负责学习缺陷图像的高空间频率局部细节信息和低空间频率全局语义信息。在微观层面，动态权重融合模块（DWFM）以自适应的方式融合两个分支的输出特征图，可学习和过滤更全面、准确和互补的缺陷特征。另外，融合分支引入特征保存下采样（FPD）模块，采用特征拼接技术，有效缓解了传统采样可能产生的微弱缺陷信息丢失问题。HVCM-Net在缺陷数据集GB-DET、NEU-DET和DAGM2007上取得了优于其他方法的检测性能，验证了其有效性。)

目的 在神经科住院医师中开展困难谈话技能培训课程，探究困难谈话技能培训的可行性，并初步探索本课程的效果。 方法 在北京协和医院神经科住院医师中开展2次困难谈话技能培训课程，每月1次，每次2 h。课程主题均为与神经科临床实践相关的具体临床情景，包括：①告知坏消息；②与“困难”患者或家属沟通；③讨论不施行心肺复苏等抢救措施；④与家属讨论重症患者的临终关怀。采用情景模拟教学方法，邀请标准化病人和住院医师在教师指导下完成案例情景模拟，并进行医患沟通伦理知识、技能策略的学习。采用匿名在线调查评估住院医师对本课程的满意度，课程前后采用困难谈话技能自我评估问卷分析住院医师11个维度技能的改善情况。课程结束1年后使用医患沟通技能评价量表（set the stage，elicit information，give information，understand the patient’s perspective，and end the encounter；SEGUE）对部分住院医师的沟通能力进行考核。 结果 共有14位住院医师参加了困难谈话技能培训课程，12位（85.7%）完成了相关调查评估问卷。完成问卷的住院医师中9位（75.0%）为女性，10位（83.3%）为低年级住院医师（第一年或第二年住院医师）。总体而言，住院医师对本课程反响积极，所有完成问卷的住院医师均对课程表示满意；参与的住院医师在困难谈话技能自我评估问卷涉及的绝大多数维度上均有不同程度改善；4位住院医师完成SEGUE评估，3位获得A级评分。 结论 在神经科住院医师中使用基于真实病例的特定临床情景模拟来开展困难谈话技能培训课程是可行的，住院医师对课程满意度高且课程对其有积极影响，住院医师的困难谈话技能在培训后得到一定提升。 Abstract: Objective A preliminary training course on difficult conversation skills was developed for neurology residents to explore the feasibility and effects of difficult conversation skills training. Methods Two difficult conversation skills training courses focusing on specific clinical scenarios of particular relevance to neurologic practice were conducted among the neurology residents in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, once a month for 2 hours each time. The topics were: giving bad news, communicating with “difficult” patients or family members, discussing not implementing cardiopulmonary resuscitation and other rescue measures, and discussing the hospice care of patients in severe or critical condition with their families. Standardized patients and residents were invited to complete simulation-based teaching and the learning of doctor-patient communication ethics knowledge, skill, and strategies under the guidance of teachers. An anonymous online survey was used to assess residents’ satisfaction with the course. The self-assessment questionnaire of difficult conversation skills was used to analyze the improvement of residents’ skills in 11 dimensions before and after the course. Set the stage, elicit information, give information, understand the patient’s perspective, and end the encounter (SEGUE) was used to assess the communication ability of partial residents after one year of the course. Results A total of 14 residents participated in the course, and 12 (85.7%) completed the questionnaire, of which 9 (75.0%) were female, and 10 (83.3%) were junior residents, including first- and second-year residents. Overall, the residents reacted positively to the training course and gained improvements in most aspects addressed in the questionnaire to different extents. All residents who completed the questionnaire were satisfied with the course, and 3 of the 4 residents who completed the SEGUE evaluation got a grade of A. Conclusions Difficult conversation skills training using specific clinical scenarios stimulation based on real neurologic cases was well accepted by neurology residents. The residents had a high degree of satisfaction with the course and the course had a positive influence on the participants. Their ability of difficult conversations has been improved to different degrees after the training.

Copyright of Journal of Geodesy & Geodynamics (1671-5942) is the property of Editorial Board Journal of Geodesy & Geodynamics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Capital Normal University (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Capital Normal University (Natural Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Physical Education / Tiyu Xuekan is the property of Journal of Physical Education Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering / Cailiao Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Materials Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Graphics is the property of Journal of Graphics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wetland is a transitional zone between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems widely distributed around the world, and includes a variety of subsystems such as naturally occurring marshes, rivers and lakes, coastal mudflats and artificially constructed rice paddies, reservoirs, ponds, and other sub-systems.Wetlands are known as ‘Bird Paradise’ and ‘Kidney of the Earth’ because of their close connection with rare waterfowl and other organisms in reproduction and migration and their ecological purifying effect. Under the coupling effect of anthropogenic interference and natural environmental changes, wetlands have been degraded to different degrees globally, and the scientific evaluation of wetland ecosystems is an important part of wetland ecological protection and restoration and its sustainable development, as well as the focus of ecosystem managers. Wetland ecosystem evaluation relies on the basic theories of economics and ecology to judge, analyse and draw conclusions on the structure, process, function and value of wetland ecosystems through qualitative and quantitative methods, so as to meet the needs of wetland protection, restoration and management. Currently, the research on wetland ecosystem assessment is quite complicated, based on the comprehensive analysis of existing results, this paper systematically summarises and condenses the concepts and types of wetland ecosystem assessment, as well as its methods and applications, discusses the problems that need to be solved in wetland ecosystem assessment, and reviews the direction of the development of wetland ecosystem assessment research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Plastics Science & Technology / Suliao Ke-Ji is the property of Plastics Science & Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aiming at the problems of low contrast, low detection accuracy and easy to miss detection and error detection of X-ray security image color in contraband detection task, based on Faster R-CNN algorithm, K-means clustering algorithm is used to improve the generation method of Anchor. It is proposed to introduce the efficient channel attention mechanism (ECANet) into the ROI pooling layer to highlight the contour, color and other information of contraband. The mAP of the proposed algorithm on the S_DXray dataset reaches 92.06%, and the detection accuracy of the improved network model is improved by 5.06 percentage points. It effectively improves the accuracy of X-ray image contraband detection and the detection ability of small-scale targets, and effectively avoids the phenomenon of false detection and missed detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Diabetes Mellitus is the property of Chinese Journal of Diabetes Mellitus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nanopore sequencing is the third generation sequencing (TGS) technology based on single molecule. It has the characteristics of no amplification, easy to carry, real-time sequencing, ultra long reading length, direct sequencing of RNA, and detection of base modification. In recent years, nanopore sequencing technology has developed rapidly and has been widely applied in molecular plant breeding fields such as plant genome resequencing, whole genome, transcriptomics, organelle genomics, and epigenetic transcriptomics. The article elaborates on the research status and application prospects of nanopore sequencing technology in potato breeding at home and abroad, in order to provide new ideas for the high-quality development of China′s potato industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

二甲双胍广泛应用于2型糖尿病（T2DM）的治疗。二甲双胍的胃肠道反应较为常见, 其 确切机制尚不明确, 可能与其转运蛋白、增加肠道内葡萄糖摄取及乳酸水平、增加肠内胆汁酸池、肠道 菌群等相关。二甲双胍缓释片与二甲双胍速释片降糖疗效类似, 同时能有效减少胃肠道反应的发生。 二甲双胍缓释片的制作工艺主要包括羟丙基甲基纤维素（HPMC）凝胶骨架结构、微孔或单孔渗透泵 技术及胃漂浮技术。该文就二甲双胍胃肠道反应及相关机制研究、二甲双胍缓释片的种类、二甲双胍 缓释片与二甲双胍速释片疗效对比等进行阐述. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of South-Central Minzu University (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Journal of South-Central Minzu University (Natural Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the effect of liraglutide on migration, proliferation, and inflammatory response of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) under high glucose conditions. Methods PDLFs were cultured in vitro, and the culture medium was divided into low glucose control group (L group, DMEM medium containing 5.5 mmol/ L glucose), high glucose group (H group, DMEM medium containing 25 mmol/L glucose), low glucose with liraglutide group (L+G group, DMEM medium containing 10×10- 7 mmol/L liraglutide and 5.5 mmol/L glucose), and high glucose with liraglutide group (H + G group, DMEM medium containing 10×10- 7 mmol/L liraglutide and 25 mmol/L glucose). Cell proliferation ability was determined using the CCK-8 method, cell migration ability was assessed using Tran- swell chambers, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in PDLFs were detected by Western blot, and the expression of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)1B, IL-6, and C reactive protein (CRP) in PDLFs was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the L group, the OD value, migration quantity, and intracellular Bcl-2 protein level of PDLFs in the H group decreased (P < 0.05) ; the apoptosis rate, intracellular Bax protein, and levels of TNF-a, IL-1B, IL 6, and CRP in the culture medium increased (P < 0.05) . In the H + G group, the OD value, migration quantity, and intracellular Bcl-2 protein level of PDLFs were significantly higher than those in the H group (P < 0.05) ; while the apoptosis rate, intracellular Bax protein, and levels of TNF-a, IL-1B, IL-6, and CRP in the culture medium were lower than those in the H group (P < 0.05) . Conclusion Liraglutide can inhibit high glucose induced apoptosis of PDLFs, promote periodontal tissue healing and repair by regulating the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, and reducing the inflammatory response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

随着光网络规模的快速扩张,光网络的运维与管理在可靠性、灵活性和安全性等方面面临着越来越严峻的挑战。为降低光网络决策控制的复杂度,提升光网络的智能化控管能力,文章结合人工智能技术提出了自优化光网络的概念,并基于边缘计算与云计算协同的思想,提出了边缘计算与云计算协同的自优化光网络实现机制,通过光传送节点和控制节点的协同机制,为光网络动态提供人工智能所需的计算资源。

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Basic & Clinical Medicine is the property of Editorial Office of Basic & Clinical Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

糖尿病足（DF）是糖尿病的慢性严重并发症之一，具有高截肢率及死亡率，给患者及社 会带来了沉重的经济负担。糖尿病患者大部分生活以社区和家庭为主，大多数DF患者首诊于基层医 疗机构。糖尿病患者对DF及其危害性的认识还不够，我国基层医疗机构对DF的管理仍面临着挑战。 该文从DF的病理机制、危险因素、科学教育、筛查、预防、互联网技术和医联体模式相结合的分级诊疗 等方面进行论述，为基层医疗机构加强DF的管理提供一些帮助。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Technology is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Technology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences is the property of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)