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旨在拓展酥油的应用领域，以牦牛酥油为原料，采用脂肪酶酶解、微胶囊包埋技术制备酥油粉。对微胶囊制备过程中的酥油用量、β-环状糊精用量、酪蛋白酸钠用量、乳化温度、均质压力、喷雾干燥质量浓度对包埋率的影响进行单因素和响应面试验考察，测定酥油粉的理化指标及感官品质，并对比分析酥油与酥油粉的脂肪酸组成及含量变化。结果表明：优化的微胶囊制备工艺条件为酥油用量38.5%、β-环状糊精用量45%、酪蛋白酸钠用量4%、乳化温度60 ℃、均质压力32 MPa、喷雾干燥质量浓度48 g/100 mL，在此条件下产品包埋率为94.6%，产品水分含量、总脂肪含量、过氧化值以及表面油含量均符合QB/T 4791—2015《植脂末》的规定；与酥油相比，酥油粉的短链饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸相对含量增加，单不饱和脂肪酸相对含量降低。综上，采用脂肪酶酶解、微胶囊包埋技术可实现对酥油脂肪酸组分调整、改善酥油风味，延缓酥油脂肪酸氧化的目的，制备的酥油粉可作为功能性食品的原料，从而拓宽酥油的应用领域。 In order to expand the application field of yak butter, using yak butter as raw material，lipase enzyme hydrolysis and microcapsule embedding technology were used to prepare yak butter powder.The effect of amounts of yak butter, β-cyclodextrin and sodium casein, emulsification temperature, homogeneous pressure, and spray drying mass concentration on the embedding rate in the process of microcapsule preparation were studied by single factor experiment and response surface experiment, the physicochemical indexes and sensory quality of yak butter powder were determined, and the fatty acid composition and content in yak butter and yak butter powder were compared. The results showed that the optimal microcapsule preparation process conditions were yak butter amount 38.5%, β -cyclodextrin amount 45%, sodium casein amount 4%,emulsification temperature 60 ℃,homogeneous pressure 32 MPa, spray drying mass concentration 48 g/100 mL. Under these conditions, the embedding rate was 94.6%, and the moisture content, fat content, peroxide value and surface oil content of the product in line with the provisions of QB/T 4791-2015 Creamer. Compared with yak butter, the relative contents of short chain saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid in yak butter powder increased, and the relative content of monounsaturated fatty acid decreased. To sum up, using lipase enzymolysis and microcapsule embedding technology can adjust the yak butter fatty acid components, improve the flavor of yak butter, and delay the oxidation of yak butter fatty acid. The yak butter powder can be used as the raw material of functional food, so as to broaden the application field of yak butter.

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Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that generates cross-sectional images of chest by measuring changes in impedance as electric currents passing through human body. In perioperative respiratory management, EIT provides a real-time, consecutive monitoring of lung ventilation and perfusion status, guiding respiratory management of perioperative patients including medication for COPD and asthma, personalized PEEP settings for specific patient populations, lung protection for pediatric perioperative cases, and predicting postoperative pulmonary complications. Application of EIT in the perioperative period helps clinicians to manage patient respiratory status more accurately, reduces complications and improves outcomes. Through realtime monitoring and individualized treatment guidance, EIT enhances the safety and effectiveness of perioperative respiratory management, becoming an essential part of the operating room. This review summarises the application of EIT in the perioperative period, aiming to provide reference for the clinical application of EIT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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对犀鸟进行行为训练有利于饲养管理和减少应激反应。本文以饭团、葡萄和樱桃番茄为训练强化物,对9只双角犀鸟和11只花冠皱盔犀鸟进行为期4个月的训练。结果表明,气候因素影响动物的采食量,间接影响了行为训练效果;种内个体间对食物的争夺,强化了强势个体的收笼行为,抑制了弱势个体的收笼行为;饭团作为强化训练物效果显著优于葡萄和樱桃番茄（P0.05）。

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective This study was to evaluate the effect of different oxygen concentration on EPCs' secretion of neovascularization growth factors. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells of SD rat were acquired with density gradient centrifugation method and cultured, induced, and differentiated to EPCs. Then they were cultured respectively under three different oxygen concentration (1 %, 5 % and 21 %). On days 3, 7 and 10, the effect of different oxygen concentration (1 %, 5 % and 21 %) on EPCs' secretion (secreting VEGF, SDF-1αand IGF-I) were evaluated by means of ELISA. On days 3, different oxygen concentration (1 %, 5%and 21 %) did not have effect on EPCs'secretion (secreting VEGF, SDF-1αand IGF-I) (all P＞0.05). On days 7 and 10, there was no difference among three groups for IGF-I (all P＞0.05). However, compared with 21%oxygen concentration, hypoxia condition (1%and 5%oxygen concentration) can stimulate EPCs to secrete VEGF and SDF-1α(P＜0.001). Conclusion Appropriate hypoxia condition culture can stimulate EPCs to secrete VEGF and SDF-1α, and enhance their neovascularization function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study was to evaluate the effect of eNOS gene therapy on neovascularization in ischemic hindlimb of SD rat. Methods: Thirty ischemic hindlimb models of male SD rats were made under anesthesia. They were randomly divided into experiment and control group. Each group had 15 rats. One week later, experiment group received eNOS gene therapy and control group received normal saline therapy. Neovascularization in ischemic hindlimb was evaluated 4 weeks post gene therapy. Assessment of ischemic hindlimbs included ankle artery pressure, microcirculation perfusion, digital subtraction arteriography, histological capillary count, and eNOS protein expression. Results: Compared with control group, ischemic hindlimbs which received eNOS gene tharapy showed better blood recovery(ankle artery pressure(mm Hg): 58.2±4.7 vs 86.8±4.3, P0.01; tissue microcirculation perfusion: 142.0%±21.5% vs 219.6%±26.2%, P0.01), lateral branch opening and angiogenesis(digital subtraction arteriography: 6.7±1.1 vs 14.4±1.7,P0.01; capillary/muscle fibers ratio: 0.34±0.03 vs 0.56±0.02, P0.01), and higher eNOS expression(0.46±0.02 vs 0.73±0.02, P0.01). Conclusions: eNOS gene therapy can enhance neovascularization in ischemic hindlimb of SD rat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]