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In the process of knowledge inference, with the increase of the length of the inference path, the action space of the node increases sharply, which makes the inference difficulty continue to increase. A Knowledge Reasoning Method Of Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (MutiAg-HRL) is proposed to reduce the size of action space in the reasoning process. MutiAg-HRL invokes high-level agents to perform rough reasoning on the relationships in the knowledge graph, and determines the approximate location of the target entity by calculating the similarity between the next step relationship and the given query relationship. According to the relationship given by the high-level agent, the low-level agents are guided to conduct detailed reasoning and select the next action. The model also constructs an interactive reward mechanism to reward the relationship between the two agents and the choice of actions in time to prevent the problem of sparse reward in the model. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments were carried out on FB15K-237 and NELL-995 datasets. The experimental results were compared with those of 11mainstream methods such as TransE, MINERVA and HRL. The average value of the MutiAg-HRL method on the link prediction task Hits@k was increased by 1.85%. MRR increases by an average of 2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An active sonar system of a fish finder can transmit the ultrasonic waves into the water below, and receive the returning echoes from the objects underwater in the fishing industry. The conventional fish finder can search only vertically underneath the own ship. By contrast, the multi-beam fishing sonar is the typical device to search both horizontally and vertically underwater using sound waves in the pelagic fish finder. The underwater transducer can be used to transmit and receive acoustic signals underwater. Among them, the multi-beam fishing sonar host is the core hardware of the fishing sonar system, due mainly to its high technical performance, integration, stability, and reliability. Furthermore, the detection of marine organisms can depend directly on the thermal design, one of the key technologies of sonar hosts in the whole system. In this study, a series of designs and verification was carried out for the efficient heat dissipation of multi-beam fishing sonar hosts for ocean operation. The heat dissipation analysis of the sonar host for fishing was also implemented to realize the thermal design of the sonar host for fishing, according to the relevant theories of heat transfer and structural design. Firstly, the heat dissipation mode was determined to fully meet the industrial requirements of the airtight performance of the sonar host, according to the structure design of the sonar host and various heat dissipation. Specifically, natural cooling was used for the shell of the host and the external environment, whereas, forced air cooling was adopted for the interior of the host. A systematic analysis was then made to determine the structure of the sonar host for fishing. The heat dissipation was also analyzed during the entire process from the heat source to the board, the chassis, and the external environment. As such, some suggestions were proposed in the whole process of design and manufacture. Secondly, the thermal simulation software was used to simulate the heat dissipation process of the sonar host. Four schemes were compared to optimize the design of the air duct after simulation. An optimal design scheme was selected from the four air ducts after comparison. At the same time, an optimal cooling fan was obtained with a simple structure after simulation, according to the cooling requirements of industrial design. The impact of various cooling fans was evaluated on the thermal stability of the host at ambient temperatures of 20, 30, 40, and 50°C. More importantly, the higher the temperature was, the worse the thermal stability of the host was. A comparison was performed on the temperature distribution before and after the thermal design of the sonar host, indicating the excellent effectiveness of the thermal design of the sonar host. Finally, the field test of heat dissipation was conducted to further verify the overall performance of heat dissipation in the host. Meanwhile, the temperature was measured on the eight FPGA boards. The results show that the thermal design scheme effectively controlled the temperature rise inside the host. The thermal design of the fishing sonar host greatly improved the heat dissipation capacity and heat accumulation. Consequently, the thermal stability of the equipment can be expected to provide for the design and manufacturing process of the multi-beam fishing sonar host. The reason was that a low thermal resistance channel was formed between the heat source and the external environment of the host during the simulation and test of heat dissipation. Anyway, the thermal design of the fishing sonar host was considered the installation requirements of the internal structure of the sonar host, particularly suitable for space utilization and heat dissipation in practice. The finding can also provide a strong reference for the structural design of the multi-beam fishing sonar host in the fish finder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the influence of future time insight on academic procrastination and the role of self-control among secondary vocational students, and to provide references for mental health education of them. Methods A total of 1 419 secondary vocational students from 2 secondary vocational schools in Huangshan City Anhui Province were selected as the research objects in June 2022. The future time insight questionnaire for adolescents, the academic procrastination questionnaire for middle school students and the Self-Control Scale （SCS） were used to assess the future time insight, academic procrastination and selfcontrol ability of secondary vocational students. The mediating effect test of PROCESS was used to analyze the mediating role of selfcontrol between future time insight and academic procrastination. Results ①There was a positive correlation between the future time insight questionnaire for adolescents score, the SCS score and the academic procrastination questionnaire of middle school students score （r=0. 558, 0. 470, P<0. 01). ②Both future time insight and self-control could positively predict academic procrastination （β= 0. 463, 0. 218, P<0. 01), while future time insight could positively predict self-control （β =0. 348, P<0. 01). ③ Self-control partially mediated the relationship between future time insight and academic procrastination ［indirect effect=0. 076（95% CI： 0. 052~0. 101, P<0. 01), and the indirect effect accounted for 16. 41% of the total effect]. Conclusion The future time insight of secondary vocational students can affect academic procrastination directly or indirectly through self-control, which partially mediates the relationship between future time insight and academic procrastination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of the main expansion types and stability of clay minerals, and the expansion types and anti-expansion mechanism of clay minerals，the anti-expansion technology of clay minerals is reviewed・ Article summarizes the evaluation standard of anti bentonite, and the inorganic polymer and inorganic and organic cationic polymer, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant, starch, lignin? glycoside,acid kind of expansion agent, microbial expansion? colloid asphalt kind of expansion a-gent, has carried on the proof of principle, brief and objective evaluation. The future anti-expansion agents and anti-expansion types are prospected・ Not only can many types of anti-expansion agents be developed， but also the mu lti - comp ou nd of anti-expansion agents，microorganism anti-expansion and environmental protection anti ・ expansion agents be studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Based on CiteSpace, we analyzed the Chinese and English literatures of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum published from 2000 to 2022, as well as research hotspots and development trends. References for future research were provided. [Method CNKI and Web of Sci- ence were searched, and a visual network analysis was carried out on 7 aspects of annual published volume, published journal, author, research institution, keyword co-occurrence, clustering and mutation by using bibliometrics and CiteSpace 6.1.R3 software. The current situation and de- velopment trend of the research on Tetrastigma hemsleyanum was analyzed by combining the method of information extraction. [Result] Zhe- jiang Agricultural Sciences and International of Journal Biological Macrocles were the most published journals in Chinese and English, respec- tively. Peng Xin was the main core author of the Chinese and English literature on the study of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. Zhejiang Medical Col- lege and Zhejiang University were research institutions with high volume of Chinese and English documents, respectively. Key words analysis. and research showed that at present the research on clover mainly focused on the basic correlation research, and the prediction hot research di- rection should also be the exploration of anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and other pharmacological mechanisms and effective substances. [Conclu- sion] The related research of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum was still in the development stage. It was necessary to pay attention to the in-depth re- search and strengthen the cooperation between the authors and research institutions. At the same time, it was also necessary to continue to focus on the development of anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor pharmacology, efficacy and deep-processing products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of major vault protein (MVP) on the proliferation of arterial endothelial cells. Methods: Human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) were infected with lentivirus to inhibit or overexpress MVP. Cell proliferation and death were detected with CCK⁃8 assay and flow cytometry. Apoptosis inhibitor Z⁃VAD and necroptosis inhibitor Nec⁃1 were used to distinguish the mode of cell death. Annexin V binding and Caspase 3 activity were detected by flow cytometry, and cleaved Caspase was examined by Western blot. Real time PCR and Western blot were performed to investigate target molecules and the regulatory relationship. Results: Knockdown of MVP inhibited the proliferation activity of HAEC and promoted the HAEC cell death. Overexpression of MVP resulted in the opposite results. Treatment with Z ⁃ VAD reversed HAEC death caused by MVP knockdown, while Nec⁃1 did not. Consistently, TNF⁃α⁃induced HAEC apoptosis was inhibited by MVP overexpression and exaggerated by MVP knocked down. MVP promoted the transcriptional expression of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins1 (cIAP1) by up ⁃ regulating interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) protein expression. IRF2 knockdown reversed the increase in cIAP1 expression and the decrease in apoptosis caused by MVP overexpression. Conclusion: MVP promoted cIAP1 transcription by up⁃regulating IRF2 protein expression, thereby inhibiting TNF⁃α⁃induced apoptosis and promoting the proliferation of arterial EC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the relationship between apolipoprotein Eε4 allele and the outcomes after the acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) in a Chinese Han population. Methods: The genetic status of apolipoprotein Eε4 allele was detected for 50 Chinese Han patients with cervical spinal cord injury (C3-C8) treated in Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from May 2012 to October 2015 by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP ) method. Neurological condition was assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) International Standards, and the relationship between apolipoprotein Eε allele and the outcomes after the ASCI in a Chinese Han population was analyzed. Results: Patients with an APOE e4 allele had significantly less motor recovery than did patients without an APOE e4 allele (mean 3.7 vs. 6.1; P = 0.04), but better sensory-pinprick recovery (mean 6.1vs. 4.0; P = 0.03). There were no significant differences by APOE e4 allele status in sensory-light touch recovery (mean 7.4vs. 5.9; P = 0.28). Conclusions: APOE e4 allele is associated with outcomes after ASCI in a Chinese Han population, and An APOE e4 allele is bad for motor recovery and good for sensory-pinprick recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the method, effect and complication prevention and treatment of meningiomas in the trigone of lateral ventricle with endoport via supraparietal lobular approach. Methods The clinical data and follow-up results of 6 cases of meningiomas in the trigone of lateral ventricle treated with endoscope and endoport system were analyzed retrospectively. Results Meningiomas were completely removed in all 6 patients. All patients were confirmed as meningioma by pathology, including 5 cases of WHO I grade and 1 case of WHO II grade. 3 cases had new visual field defects after operation and 1 case had an extended temporal horn and atrium of the right lateral ventricle in I year after surgery, which was treated with fistulation. The patient died of recurrent hydrocephalus without further surgery. No other neurological dysfunction, such as epilepsy and aphasia, occurred in other patients. No postoperative tumor recurrence was observed during 1 to 3 years of follow-up. Conclusions Endoscopy combined with endoport system can safely and effectively remove the meningioma in the trigon of the lateral ventricle using the superior parietal lobe approach, simplify the surgical process, and can be used as an option for the treatment of meningiomas in the lateral ventricle triangle. The trapped temporal horn is a rare complication following surgery of meningioma in the trigone. Surgeons need to insight into it and take actions for preventing and overcoming it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Determine the expression of gap junction protein and the changes of hemichannel function after hypoxia preconditioning of neural stem cells, which provided a theoretical basis for exploring the communication between neural stem cells after hypoxia preconditioning. Create a standardized preconditioning procedure and reproducibly expose the NSCs to hypoxia. Explore the best time for neural stemcells to be exposed to hypoxia without increasing necrosis. Methods: The expression of cx43, cx36, and cx47 in the neural stem cells of the control group and the hypoxia-preconditioned neurons were determined by immunohistochemical method at 1 h, 4 h, 8 h, and 12 h, respectively. The calcein dye efflux experiments was observed by laser confocal laser scanning microscopy to observe changes in hemichannell function. Results: Compared with the control group (1.03+0.14%), the necrosis rate of neural stem cells in 8 hours (3.05+0.40%) and 12 hours (5.51+0.31%) exposed to 0.5% oxygen was significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of cx43, Cx36 and Cx47 in neural stem cells increased significantly after hypoxic preconditioning for 4, 8 and 12 hours (P<0.05). Hypoxia pretreatment group had significantly enhanced hemichannel filtration function compared with the control group and the hemichannel blocker group. Conclusions: Hypoxic preconditioning can improve the expression of connexin and the half-channel filtration function of neural stem cells in a time-dependent manner. The optimal time for neural stem cells to be exposed to hypoxia without causing significant increase in necrosis is 4 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determine the expression of gap junction protein and the changes of hemichannel function after hypoxia preconditioning of neural stem cells, which provided a theoretical basis for exploring the communication between neural stem cells after hypoxia preconditioning. Create a standardized preconditioning procedure and reproducibly expose the NSCs to hypoxia. Explore the best time for neural stem cells to be exposed to hypoxia without increasing necrosis. The expression of cx43, cx36, and cx47 in the neural stem cells of the control group and the hypoxia-preconditioned neurons were determined by immunohistochemical method at 1 h, 4 h, 8 h, and 12 h, respectively. The calcein dye efflux experiments was observed by laser confocal laser scanning microscopy to observe changes in hemichannell function. Compared with the control group (1.03+0.14%), the necrosis rate of neural stem cells in 8 hours (3.05+0.40%) and 12 hours (5.51+0.31%) exposed to 0.5% oxygen was significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of cx43, Cx36 and Cx47 in neural stem cells increased significantly after hypoxic preconditioning for 4, 8 and 12 hours (P<0.05). Hypoxia pretreatment group had significantly enhanced hemichannel filtration function compared with the control group and the hemichannel blocker group. Hypoxic preconditioning can improve the expression of connexin and the half-channel filtration function of neural stem cells in a time-dependent manner. The optimal time for neural stem cells to be exposed to hypoxia without causing significant increase in necrosis is 4 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparative study of different week-old sd rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cell activity and cell differentiation respectively in hypoxia environment and normal oxygen environment. 1,Extract different week-old SD rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and culture the cells respectively in hypoxia environment and normal oxygen environment. 2, Points out the best age of SD rat bone marrow mesenchymal stemcells biological activity. The biological activity and osteogenic cells differentiation of 2 weeks and 4 weeks of sd rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are better than those of 8 weeks, 12 weeks and 40 weeks especially in hypoxia environment. The experiment proves that biological activity of 2 weeks and 4 weeks sd rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is better than those derived from 8 weeks, 12 weeks and 40weeks especially in hypoxia environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]