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Solar-B衛星の重要な特徴の1つは、口径50cmの主鏡の回折限界である0.2秒角の空間分解能で太陽の可視光観測が可能な点である。高分解能の観測の為に厳しい姿勢制御の精度が要求され、高い位置検出精度が太陽センサーに必要となる。Solar-B衛星に搭載される超高精度太陽センサー(Ultra Fine Sun Sensor, UFSS)の角度検出性能をプロトモデル品で検証し、ランダム誤差0.15arcsec(1σ)、視野±0.5度、四方でバイアス誤差約2arcsec(p-p)の実力を実証した。

The aim of sun sensors installed on spacecrafts is to measure the direction of the sun as precisely as possible, which signals are utilized to stabilize the spacecraft attitude. The HINODE (SOLAR-B: Solar Physics Satellite) satellite has three telescopes for high spatial resolution observations of the sun and requires extremely stabilized pointing of the spacecraft. For achieving the pointing requirements, we have developed compact sun sensors named Ultra Fine Sun Sensor (UFSS), which are required to provide pointing signals with the random noise less than 1 arcsecond (3 sigma) and the bias noise less than 2 arcseconds (p-p) for the field-of-view with +/- 0.5 degree. For verifying the performance with pre-launch measurements, we have established the methods of the measurements and have confirmed the excellent performance of the sensors., 星に搭載された太陽センサーは出来るだけ精度良く太陽方向を測定し、その信号は衛星の姿勢安定化に使用される。「ひので」(SOLAR-B: Solar Physics Satellite)衛星に搭載された望遠鏡は今までにない高い角分解能で太陽を観測する装置であり、衛星には極めて高い姿勢安定化が要求された。このために、我々は、ランダム誤差1秒角(3σ)、±0.5度視野にわたりバイアス誤差2秒角(p-p)という高い位置決定精度で太陽方向を測定することができる超高精度太陽センサー「UFSS(Ultra Fine Sun Sensor)」を開発した。性能検証モデル品を用いて高精度計測を可能とする手法を確立し、フライトモデル製作に向けた性能検証を行い、フライト品設計に反映させた。また確立した計測手法を用いてフライト品の性能検証を行った。, JAXA Research and Development Report, 宇宙航空研究開発機構研究開発報告

To study the effect of surgical procedures on metabolic bone disease (MBD) after gastrectomy, the incidence of MBD was examined with Microdensitometry in 210 gastrectomized patients. In 97 (46.2%) of 210 patients MBD was found. The incidence in female patients was significantly higher than in males (p<0.01). The incidence did not correlate with the length of time after gastrectomy, age group or primary diseases. In relation to extent of gastrectomy, MBD in patients with total gastrectomy was significantly higher than in those with distal gastrectomy (p<0.05). In relation to reconstructive procedures, MBD in patients with pylorus preserving gastrectomy (PPG) was significantly lower than in those with Birrloth-Ⅰ (B-Ⅰ) or Birrloth-Ⅱ (B-Ⅱ) (p<0.05) ; MBD in patients with pylorus preserving nearly total gastrectomy (PPNTG) was significantly lower than in those with Roux-en-Y (R-Y) or interposition (I.P) (p<0.05). The level of serum alkalinephosphatase in patients with PPG was significantly lower than the level in those with B-Ⅰ or B-Ⅱ (p<0.01). The level of serum calcium in patients with PPNTG was significantly higher than level in those with R-Y or I. P (p<0.05). The calcitonin level in patients with total gastrectomy was significantly higher than the level in patients with distal gastrectomy or subtotal gastrectomy (p<0.05). This study reveals that the incidence was low in the procedure involving a small extent of gastric resection and in reconstructive procedures with pyloric preservation, such as pylorus preserving gastrectomy or pylorus preserving nearly total gastrectomy. It is concluded that metabolic bone disease after gastrectomy is attributable to physical and chemical decrease in digestive and absorptional function influenced by gastrectomy.

During the last 14 years, from April 1972 to March 1986, 808 cases were operated on for gastric cancer in our department. Operative procedures, clinicopathological findings and prognosis were investigated. The results were compared with those of other reports of treatment results of stomach carcinoma in Japan. Age, sex, localization, macroscopic classification, histologic type, histologic stage and resectability were almost the same as those reports. Pylorus-preserving nearly total gastrectomy was often performed in our department characteristically. The five-year suvival rate was 52% and the ten-year survival rate was 45% over-all. The five-year survival rate was 86% in stage Ⅰ, 61% in stage Ⅱ, 39% in stage Ⅲ and 5% in stage Ⅳ. The ten-year survival rate was 77% in stage Ⅰ, 49% in stage Ⅱ, 25% in stage Ⅲ and 4% in stage Ⅳ. The over-all five-year and ten-year survival rates in the first term (1972-1978) were 46% and 38%, respectively, and those in the latter term (1979-1985) were 58% and 51%, respectively. The survival rate in the latter term was significantly better than that in the first term.

The patient was a 12-year-old male with Down's syndrome, who underwent an artificial anus procedure on the 2nd day of life because of atresia ani, and a radical operation for atresia ani at the age of 2 years. Frequent vomiting was often noted from immediately after birth and became severe from about the age of 10. Esophagogram and esophagoscopy revealed a marked stenosis extending from the midportion of the thoracic esophagus to its distal portion, and congenital esophageal stenosis was diagnosed. Since the stenosis was both long and severe, dilatation with a bougie was judged to be impossible and resection of the stenotic portion was performed. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen showed that the cause of the stenosis was musculofibrotic thickening. Congenital esophageal stenosis due to musculofibrotic thickening is frequently associated with other congenital anomalies, but association with both Down's syndrome and atresia ani has not previously been reported in Japan. Concerning the treatment of mild stenosis, dilatation with a bougie or incision of the extramucosal muscles is indicated, but for severe stenosis (as in our case) resection of the stenotic portion is necessary.