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The purpose of this study was to compare basic physical strength, swimming performance and blood lactate kinetics between male national level and college level water polo players. 5 male national level (NL) and 7 college level (CL) water polo players were participated in this study. Body composition (Inbody430), basic physical strength (grip strength, back strength, standing long jump, sit-up, side step, sit and reach and middle power) and swimming performance (50 m maximum swimming test) were tested. Blood lactate concentration (BLC) at after middle power test and swimming performance test was also measured. Grip strength, back strength, standing long jump, sit and reach, middle power and swimming performance were significant higher in NL than in CL, as well as BLC at both after middle power test and swimming performance test was higher in NL than in CL. However, experience of competition and body composition were no significant differences in both groups. It was suggested that improving basic physical strength based on swimming performance and playing performance is important for Japanese water polo players., 本研究の目的は，男子水球国内代表級選手と大学級選手における基礎体力，泳パフォーマンス及びその時の血中乳酸動態を比較することであった。男子水球国内代表級選手5名（NL群）及び大学級選手7名（CL群）が本研究に参加した。体組成，基礎体力（握力，背筋力，立ち幅跳び，上体起こし，反復横跳び，長座体前屈及びミドルパワー）及び泳パフォーマンス（50 m全力泳テスト）を測定した。ミドルパワーテスト及び泳パフォーマンステスト後の血中乳酸濃度についても測定した。握力，背筋力，立ち幅跳び，長座体前屈，ミドルパワー及び泳パフォーマンスに限らず，ミドルパワーテスト及び泳パフォーマンステスト後の血中乳酸濃度についてもNL群がCL群よりも有意な高値を示した。しかしながら，両群間における競技歴や体組成には有意な差が認められなかった。以上のことから，泳パフォーマンスやプレーパフォーマンスの基盤となる基礎体力を改善することが日本人水球競技選手にとって重要であることが示唆された。