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本实验旨在观察17β-雌二醇（17β-estradiol,E2）的快速舒血管效应并探讨其内皮依赖和非内皮依赖的作用机制。【方法】采用MyodapandMyodata血管张力仪进行体外血管灌流实验,测量鼠离体胸主动脉环等长张力。【结果】E2能浓度依赖性地快速舒张血管,浓度为10-9～10-6mol/L时,去内皮的血管环舒张程度明显小于内皮完整的血管环,而当E2浓度增加至10-5mol/L时,去内皮的血管环与内皮完整的血管环舒张程度无差异;在内皮完整的血管环,分别用左旋硝精氨酸甲酯（NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,L-NAME）、亚甲蓝（methylene blue,MB）、他莫昔芬（tamoxifen）、甲基-β-环糊精（methyl-β-cyclodextrin,MβCD）预孵育均能显著抑制E2（10-6mol/L）的舒血管效应;而在去内皮的血管环,E2（10-5mol/L）能抑制CaCl2在无钙高钾溶液中诱发的血管收缩。【结论】E2的快速舒血管效应,具有内皮依赖性,与雌激素受体介导内皮释放一氧化氮（nitricoxide,NO）有关,且质膜微囊结构必须完整,而当E2浓度较高时主要是通过抑制细胞外的钙内流直接舒张血管，为非内皮依赖性。

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