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为了探究特高压重冰区输电塔地线支架在脱冰动力荷载作用下的安全性，基于脱冰数值计算理论，建立了地线的脱冰数值模型和塔线耦合数值模型，研究了地线在不同工况下的脱冰动力响应和不同地线脱冰情况下铁塔地线支架的承载力安全性。脱冰研究表明：地线脱冰时，高差越大，脱冰产生的上拔力越大；档距越大，纵向不平衡张力越大；覆冰越厚，地线脱冰产生的纵向不平衡张力越大，产生的的上拔力越小。塔线耦合脱冰研究表明：多档模型下，地线脱冰时，悬垂直线塔地线支架正面和底部斜材存在应力比超限情况，现有设计方法偏于不安全；耐张塔地线支架不受脱冰动力响应控制。建议重覆冰区地线支架设计时仅考虑地线脱冰产生的上拔力影响，上拔力取地线最大使用张力的1.0%~5.0%，覆冰越厚，上拔荷载可越小，厚度为20 mm、30 mm、40 mm、50 mm、60 mm冰区的上拔荷载分别取为最大使用张力的4.0%~5.0%、3.0%~4.0%、2.5%~3.0%、2.0%~2.5%和1.0%~2.0%。

目的比较手持瞳孔测量仪与Sirius眼前节分析系统对暗适应下瞳孔直径测量的一致性，探究SMILE术后暗适应下瞳孔直径的变化以及影响暗适应下瞳孔直径的因素。方法本研究分为两部分：①纳入接受SMILE手术的患者128人（共256只眼），采用两种方法对同一只眼术前和术后3月的暗适应下瞳孔直径进行测量，数据采用配对资料的符号秩和检验和简单线性回归分析；②回顾性研究，纳入行SMILE手术患者2 237人（共4 179只眼），采集其暗适应下瞳孔直径、年龄、性别、眼别、主视眼及等效球镜度等数据进行分析。结果用手持瞳孔测量仪测量（x）和用Sirius眼前节分析系统测量暗适应下瞳孔直径（ŷ）的差异无统计学意义（P=0.369），行简单线性回归分析：ŷ=0.929x+0.453，r²=0.858。 SMILE术前（x，6.80±0.88）mm较术后3月的暗适应下瞳孔直径（ŷ，6.65±0.73）mm大，且其差异有统计学意义（P=0.018），行简单线性回归分析：ŷ=1.050x-0.223，r²=0.771。暗适应下瞳孔直径影响因素的流行病学研究：①对暗适应下瞳孔直径与年龄行相关性分析，发现两者呈负相关（r=-0.204，P=0.000）。②男组暗适应下瞳孔直径（6.35±0.75）mm较女组（6.27±0.74）mm大，且其差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。③右眼组（6.29±0.74）mm及左眼组（6.31±0.75）mm差异无统计学意义。④主视眼组（6.30±0.73）mm及非主视眼组（6.31±0.75）mm差异无统计学意义。⑤低度（6.23±0.73）mm、中度（6.31±0.74）mm、高度（6.30±0.75）mm和超高度近视组（6.33±0.70）mm间的差异无统计学意义。结论①手持瞳孔测量仪及Sirius眼前节分析系统对术前暗适应下瞳孔直径的测量具有一致性，在屈光手术中可使用手持瞳孔测量仪替代SIRIUS眼前节分析系统对暗适应下瞳孔直径进行测量。②SMILE术后3月患者暗适应下瞳孔直径有变小趋势。③术前暗适应下瞳孔直径与年龄呈负相关，男性的术前暗适应下瞳孔直径较女性大，术前暗适应下瞳孔直径与眼别、主视眼和术前等效球镜度无明显关系。

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Rainfall infiltration can cause a decrease in the strength of the rock and soil mass on the dump slope, increase the bulk density of the upper rock and soil mass, and reduce the stability of the slope. This paper takes a mine dump slope as the background, and uses GeoStudio software to simulate and analyze the pore water pressure characteristics and safety factors under different rainfall durations. The simulation results indicate that as the duration of rainfall increases, the limit value of pore water pressure continuously increases, and the pore water pressure increases towards the top of the slope, while the corresponding safety factor decreases. The study provides references for the stability of the dump slope in the mine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Cancer immunotherapy is one of the most promising biological therapies. The dynamic changes of the immune microenvironment of heterogeneous tumors are critical factors in determining the interaction and therapeutic efficacy between tumor and immune microenvironment. Therefore, quantitative analysis of its constituent cells, related genes, and phenotypes in real time is of great importance. The methods used to analyze tumor immune microenvironment include immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and so on. With the development of next-generation sequencing technology, transcriptome RNA sequencing data analysis has become one of the important methods to determine the composition of tumor immune microenvironment. This article focuses on the common methods of bulk RNA sequencing data analysis and related research progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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随着现代医学的发展,广谱抗生素、免疫抑制剂的应用及器官移植、有创操作增多,侵袭性真菌 感染的发病率越来越高,对临床的危害较大,成为导致患者病情严重和死亡的重要原因之一。目前治疗深部真 菌感染的药物按作用机制分为4类,可选择的药物较多,但由于药物的不良反应及真菌的耐药性,其临床应用 受到限制,因此关于抗真菌药物的联合应用及新型抗真菌药物的研究逐渐增多。该文对近几年国内外系统性 抗真菌药物临床应用进展及新型抗真菌药物研究进行综述,以期对临床医生提供帮助。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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儿童耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)确诊率低、病死率高,严重影响儿童身心健康。目前,儿童MDR-TB的治疗药物研 究取得了较大进展,但仍有许多工作要做,如迫切需要获得相关药物在儿童体内的药代动力学和安全性数据。该文就儿童MDR-TB 的几种治疗新药进行归纳、整理,提出有效性和安全性的现有证据,协助临床决策。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

侵袭性真菌感染发生率逐年升高,以白色念珠菌为主的念珠菌属最为多见,但是非白色念珠菌也不断增多.目 前,临床常用的抗真菌药物主要是唑类、纯白菌素类、多烯类嘧啶类药物应用于临床相对较少。由于大量預防性或经验性用药, 念珠菌对这些药物的耐药率逐年上升. 其涉及的耐药机制主要包括靶酶基因的改变、外排系编码基因的过度表达、代谢途径的改 变及进应性应激反应的启动等。为了缓解严重的耐药现状,目前已研发了部分新型抗真菌药物,但尚处于临床试验中,另有一些 新的靶点药物也不断被挖掘,因此,对念珠菌属的耐药现状、常用抗真菌药物的耐药机制及解决耐药的策略进行综述,可为临床 医生合理使用抗真菌药物,提高对念珠菌感染的治疗水平提供理论依据。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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