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BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint diseases. With the increasing global incidence and prevalence of osteoarthritis, effective early diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis have become an urgent problem. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the important biological functions of long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and pseudogenes and their regulatory roles as competing endogenous RNAs in osteoarthritis pathogenesis to gain a comprehensive, in-depth and new understanding of the involvement of competing endogenous RNAs in osteoarthritis progression and to provide new clues for early diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. METHODS: CNKI, PubMed, VIP and WanFang databases were searched for articles published before 2022. The search terms were “osteoarthritis, competing endogenous RNA, circular RNA, long non-coding RNAs, pseudogenes” in Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Non-coding RNAs with the same microRNA response elements, including long non-coding RNAs, cyclic RNAs and pseudogenes, are involved in the construction of a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNAs centered on microRNAs. Non-coding RNAs, cyclic RNAs and pseudogenes can act as competing endogenous RNAs to adsorb microRNAs through “sponge” so as to regulate gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs, cyclic RNAs and pseudogenes can act as competing endogenous RNAs to regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of osteoarthritic chondrocytes, the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix and the occurrence of inflammatory events. The practical application of the regulatory network of competing endogenous RNA to the clinical setting still faces many challenges and problems. The research on competing endogenous RNA as diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis is still at an early stage, and the current research on competing endogenous RNA regulatory network is still focused on the identification and validation of individual competing endogenous RNAs, and this regulatory network needs to be further supplemented and improved. However, with the development of advanced technologies, competing endogenous RNAs are expected to become early diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]