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20世纪90年代以来,三江源地区实施的以生态系统为对象的自然保护区建设,使该区的野生动植物种群得到了较大程度的保护和恢复,但随着大型食肉野生动物种群数量的增加,野生动物与牧民之间的冲突愈来愈多。通过在三江源国家公园所涉4县实地开展野外调查,运用野生动物容忍度模型,分析了影响当地牧民对野生动物容忍度的因素。结果表明:(1)牧民与野生动物共存的消极经历大于积极经历,牧民倾向于不愿意保护野生动物。(2)牧民与野生动物共存的有形成本和收益与牧民对野生动物容忍度的相关性不显著。(3)牧民与野生动物共存的无形成本和收益与牧民对野生动物容忍度的相关性显著。(4)牧民对野生动物的容忍度主要受宗教信仰的影响,此外,受教育程度、价值观、性别、野生动物管理政策和行为习惯这些因素对容忍度也有影响。研究结果可为实现人与野生动物共存的野生动物管理实践提供参考。

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