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目的调查31个X-STR基因座在中国北方汉族的遗传多态性、连锁不平衡情况和突变率。方法采集209个中国北方汉族健康志愿者家系样本，用MicroreaderTM 19X和AGCU X19 STR荧光检测试剂盒检测，统计基因座的突变率。选取家系中父亲或母亲各207个样本，组成男性和女性无关个体组并进行遗传多态性研究和连锁不平衡检验。结果共检出344个等位基因，基因频率分布在0.001 6-0.810 0之间。其中多态性信息含量最丰富的基因座是DXS10135（PIC=0.912 4）。个体识别能力在男、女群体中分别为0.330 5-0.918 1、0.534 0-0.987 6。累积个人识别概率在男、女群体中分别为1-4.566 4×10-19、1-1.578 4×10-31。平均排除概率在三联体和二联体中分别为0.312 7-0.912 4、0.193 5-0.844 6。累积平均排除概率在三联体和二联体中分别为1-2.281 9×10-17、1-2.509 0×10-12。经分析，有1对X-STR（DXS10103-DXS10101）存在明显连锁不平衡现象。在414次减数分裂中观察到19个X-STR基因座有突变，平均突变率为0.002 3，突变率最高的基因座是DXS10135，为0.012 1。结论获得的31个X-STR遗传学数据为法医学鉴定提供了基础数据。DXS10103-DXS10101存在连锁不平衡，在应用时需按照单倍型频率分析。应用高突变率基因座时需保持谨慎，不要因为个别基因座不符合遗传规律而排除具有某种亲缘关系。

目的建立一套五色荧光复合扩增体系，并调查中国北方汉族遗传多态性和父子家系突变情况。方法根据文献筛查出在中国某一群体中突变率为高变异和快速变异的Y-STR基因座，建立一套五色荧光Y-STR复合扩增体系，计算在500个北方汉族无关男性个体中的基因多样性，观察每个样本的Y-STR单倍型，并对中国北方汉族500个父子对进行检测，统计父子间的突变情况。结果成功构建了包含21个Y-STR基因座复合扩增检验体系，在北方汉族群体中基因多态性在0.402 3～0.990 4之间，500个无关个体中未发现有相同的单倍型。在500个父子对中观察到21个Y-STR基因座共发生134次突变，其中突变率最高的基因座是DYF399S1，为7.40×10-2；在DYS612、DYS547、DYS627、DYS526b、DYS576、DYS630、DYS449、DYF404S1、DYS390、DYS570和DYS518基因座上突变率≥1.00×10-2。此外，DYS626、DYS458和DYS439基因座突变率≥4.00×10-3。有97个父子家系出现1个基因座突变，16个家系同时出现2个基因座突变，仅有1个家系同时出现3个基因座突变，家系突变的概率为0.268。其中127次为一步突变，7次为两步突变，符合逐步突变模式。结论高变异Y-STR基因座能够有效区分具有父系亲缘关系的男性个体，可作为联合DNA索引系统（combined DNA index system，CODIS）常染色体和常规低突变Y-STR系统基因座的补充。

糖尿病肾脏病（DKD）是一种常见的糖尿病微血管并发症, 也是导致糖尿病患者终末期 肾病和死亡的主要原因。DKD的发病机制复杂, 目前尚缺乏有效阻止或逆转DKD进展的治疗方法。 外泌体是由多种细胞分泌的微小囊泡, 可携带多种蛋白质、核酸等生物活性物质。近年研究发现, 外 泌体可作为载体参与细胞之间的交流, 并参与DKD发生发展的过程, 且外泌体中的蛋白在DKD的诊 断和治疗中发挥着重要作用。该文就外泌体及其蛋白在DKD中的研究进展作一综述. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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AIM: This study aims to analyze the effects of Tangerine Platycodon Complex （TPC） on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury and ovalbumin-induced bronchial asthma in mice, as well as its mechanism of action. METHODS: （ 1） Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal, acute lung injury, low, medium, and high dose （0. 8, 1. 6 and 3. 2 mL/d） of TPC groups, which were administered by gavage once a day for one week. Dexamethasone was used as a positive control. The acute lung injury mouse model was established through intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide. The pathological changes in lung tissue were observed using hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining. The number of neutrophils in alveolar lavage fluid was determined using flow cytometry. ELISA was used to determine the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α（ TNF-α）, interleukin 1β（ IL-1β）, IL-6 and IL-10, and to detect myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity in lung tissue homogenate and the protein content of I-κBα and NF-κB in lung tissue. （2） Forty-eight female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the following groups: normal, bronchial asthma, low-, medium-, and high-dose groups （0. 8, 1. 6 and 3. 2 mL/d） of TPC, and the dexamethasone group. The mice were orally administered once a day for one week. A mouse model of bronchial asthma was established by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin for sensitization and nasal stimulation. HE and toluidine blue staining were used to observe pathological changes in lung tissue, and the concentrations of IgE, IL-5, and IL-13 in mouse serum were determined using ELISA. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, mice in the acute lung injury group exhibited significant inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）, the percentage of neutrophils and MPO activity, and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels increased significantly（ P<0. 05）, while IL-10 concentration decreased（ P<0. 05）. Western blot revealed that the protein content of I-κBα decreased while NF-κB phosphorylation increased （P<0. 05）. Inflammation of lung tissue in the high-dose TPC and dexamethasone groups was significantly reduced. The percentage of neutrophils, MPO activity in BALF, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 significantly decreased （P<0. 05）, whereas IL-10 levels increased （P<0. 05）. The protein content of I-κBα increased in the lung tissue, whereas the levels of NF-κB phosphorylation were reduced （P<0. 05）. Compared to the normal group, mice in the bronchial asthma group exhibited significant inflammatory cell and mast cell infiltration. IgE and IL-13 levels in mouse serum increased （P<0. 05）. The pathological inflammatory cells and mast cells in the lung tissue of mice in the high-dose TPC and dexamethasone groups decreased compared to those in the bronchial asthma group, while mouse serum IgE levels decreased （P<0. 05）. Moreover, IL-13 levels in dexamethasone-treated mice decreased （P<0. 05）. CONCLUSION: The acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice can be partially prevented by TPC. Additionally, it improved allergic reactions in mice with bronchial asthma by inhibiting the inflammatory response and reducing mast cell infiltration and IgE production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper provides a brief overview of the blended learning approach in structural chemistry at Peking University, as well as details on the small-group discussion sessions focused on the topic of "lattice structures and properties of crystals". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death proposed in recent years, and its main characteristics are iron overload and lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). Iron overload can generate a large amount of reactive oxygen species through the Fenton reaction. Under the action of lipoxygenase, the unsaturated fatty acids on the liver cell membrane undergo lipid peroxidation, which induces liver cell death and leads to the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Blocking ferroptosis may provide one of the therapeutic strategies to protect liver cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Oil Drilling & Production Technology / Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi is the property of Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi Bianjibu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aiming at the problem of poor control accuracy in the existing automatic temperature control system, an automatic temperature sensing and control system based on STM single chip microcomputer was designed. The system framework was divided into four layers: temperature perception layer, information communication layer, control adjustment layer and human-computer interaction layer. The STM32 L4 microcomputer was used as the hardware core of the system, and the temperature information perceived by the temperature sensor was transmitted to the controller through the ZigBee wireless communication network. In the control process, the fuzzy neural network control program was run to obtain the temperature control amount and generate the control instruction, and the instruction set was transmitted to the on-site temperature adjustment equipment to realize the automatic temperature adjustment. The experimental results show that compared with PID control, fuzzy control and fuzzy PID control methods, the overshoot between the temperature control system based on STM32 L4 single-chip microcomputer and the expected temperature is relatively small, and the temperature control is closer to the expected value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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肥胖是全球最大的健康问题之一。近年来, 人们越来越关注肥胖治疗的新策略。肥胖 与脂肪过度堆积和脂肪异常分布密切相关。哺乳动物脂肪组织分为白色脂肪组织（负责储存能量）和 棕色脂肪组织（负责产生热量）两大类, 在脂肪组织褐变的过程中, 白色脂肪组织能够转化为具有产热 能力的米色脂肪组织, 使之成为肥胖治疗的重要靶点。该文就近年来脂肪组织褐变的相关机制及其 在非药物和药物减重中的研究进展作一综述。. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Production, living, and ecological space are three of the most important components in the rural living environment system. The interactions among the three spaces are outstanding in the rapidly urbanizing areas with a concentrated population and frequent production activities. It is very necessary to clarify the impact of the interactions on rural livability. Taking Lishui District of Nanjing in China as an example, a rural "Production-Living-Ecological Space" classification index system was built using land use and POI (Point of interest) data. Three spaces were identified comprehensively, according to the entropy weight, linear weighting, and spatial analysis function of ArcGIS. Then, an evaluation system of rural livability was established to consider the functions of the "Production-Living-Ecological Space" and the interaction among them. The rural livability of each town was classified in 2010 and 2018. The levels of rural livability were also analyzed in the towns. A systematic analysis was made to clarify the influence of the interaction of the "Production-Living-Ecological Space" on the evaluation of rural livability. The interactivity indicators were removed from the rural livability evaluation system. The livability scores were calculated without considering the interaction of the "Production-Living-Ecological Space". The results showed that: 1) The production space was dominant in the rural "Production-Living-Ecological Space" in 2010 and 2018, which was mostly distributed in the periphery of the living space. The ecological space was the second, which was clustered in many areas of the district. The living space was the smallest near the intersection of traffic roads. The composition and distribution of the "Production-Living-Ecological Space" varied greatly in each town. The distribution of production, living, and ecological space roughly overlapped with that of arable land, rural settlements, and water and forest meadows. The area of rural living space generally increased. The newly increased living space was mainly concentrated in the middle of each town, especially in Yongyang, Shiqiu, and Zhetang. By contrast, the area of production space decreased, where Zhetang, Yongyang, and Shiqiu had the greatest decrease among the eight towns. 2) The overall level of rural livability was not high in 2010 and 2018, where the average score declined slightly in the eight years. The high and low livability areas were located in Hefeng and Baima Town in 2010, respectively, whereas, those were located in Yongyang and Dongping Town in 2018, respectively. Among them, Hefeng Town was ranked the first in the study area in 2010, in terms of livability levels, but Baima Town was ranked the last. Until 2018, Yongyang Town shared the highest livability score, whereas, Dongping Town was the lowest. The livability rank of Yongyang Town increased, while that of Dongping and Shiqiu Town decreased during the eight years. 3) The livability score of Zhetang Town was higher than that of Hefeng Town, whereas, the livability score of Baima Town was higher than that of Jingqiao Town, without considering the interaction among the "Production-Living-Ecological Space". It was exactly the opposite after considering the interaction, indicating more in line with local reality. Therefore, the interaction among the "Production-Living-Ecological Space" posed a certain influence on the livability of the countryside, indicating a new idea for the study of rural livability. Among the towns with "high" livability, Yongyang Town should maintain the integrity of the ecosystem and adhere to the innovation-driven development strategy for the modern industrial system. Hefeng Town should maintain ecological health to strengthen the construction of public facilities. Among the towns with "relatively high" livability, Zhetang Town should pay attention to the rational layout of production, living, and ecological space, in order to strengthen the construction and protection of ecological space. Honglan Town should focus on the industrial transformation and upgrading in the future construction, in order to reduce the negative impact of production space on the living and ecological space. Jingqiao Town with its "relatively low" livability should continue to introduce effective policies, and then reduce the negative impact of production and living space on ecological space for the better protection of water areas. Among the towns with "low" livability, Shiqiu Town should rationalize the production and living space layout, in order to reduce the pollution from production activities via the policy measures. Dongping Town should strengthen the construction of public facilities and roads, with an emphasis on the industrial transformation for better ecological environment protection. Baima Town should focus on the infrastructure to optimize the production and living space layout for the sound transportation system. The finding can provide a strong reference for Lishui District, in order to enhance the rural habitat environment and rural revitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power / Reneng Dongli Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to prevent the mosaic line from passing through the visually significant features of orthophoto map thus damaging its integrity, a mosaic line extraction approach for orthophoto images is proposed, which combines edge information with optimized Linear Spectral Clustering (LSC) and improved A* algorithm.First, the super-pixel segmentation theory of LSC is introduced for the mosaic line extraction, of which the classical LSC is optimized by edge intensity factor to effectively use the spectral information and edge information in orthophoto images.Second, the improved LSC is applied to the overlapping areas of two orthophoto images to obtain the boundary feature maps with various ground objects, and then the edge irregularity and isolated noise in the boundary feature maps are removed by mathematical morphology.Finally, the A* algorithm is improved by replacing the original heuristic function based on Euclidean distance measure with Manhattan distance function, and then used to search the shortest path in the boundary map to quickly obtain the optimal image mosaic line.This approach is compared with related methods by using aerial orthophoto image taken by a UAV.The results show that the proposed approach can extract mosaic lines efficiently and with high quality, during which it effectively bypasses the visual salient features and meets the application requirements of orthophoto mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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