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近年来，轻度认知障碍(Mild cognitive impairment, MCI)作为阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease,AD）的一个早期症状引发关注，对其进行早期干预具有积极意义。现有人群实验、动物实验及细胞实验多方面研究表明，多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)中的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3 PUFAs）可以改善炎症反应，影响轻度认知障碍的发生发展。但ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-6 PUFAs）的相关代谢产物既包含抗炎物质，又有促炎物质，机制较为复杂，目前研究具有争议性。综述了两种多不饱和脂肪酸对轻度认知障碍作用的机制，探讨饮食营养对改善轻度认知障碍的意义，为多不饱和脂肪酸改善轻度认知障碍以及相关营养干预提供依据。In recent years, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has attracted attention as an early symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and its early intervention is of positive significance. Existing studies in population, animal and cell experiments have shown that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can improve inflammation, and affect the ocurrance and development of MCI. However, the related metabolites of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-6 PUFAs) contain both anti-inflammatory substances and pro-inflammatory substances, and the mechanism is relatively complicated, and current research is controversial. The mechanisms of the effects of two kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids on MCI were reviewed, and the significance of dietary nutrition in improving MCI was explored, so as to provide a basis for polyunsaturated fatty acids to improve MCI and related nutritional interventions.

【目的】体外实验探索使用Cool-tipTM射频消融电极进行离体心肌组织射频消融的适宜条件，以及消融灶范围内温度变化趋势，为制定解除梗阻性肥厚型心肌病（HOCM）左心室流出道梗阻，提供安全可靠的射频消融条件参考。【方法】采用针尖裸露端2 cm的Cool-tipTM射频消融电极对30枚新鲜离体猪心进行射频消融，能量输出功率分别采用20、30、40、60和80W，消融时间为2 min、4 min，观察不同消融条件造成的心肌组织凝固范围和形态。采用实时温度测量设备测量消融电极针尖处及距其5 mm、10 mm的热场温度变化。【结果】单次能量输出造成的心肌消融灶范围为横径（0.8～2.3）cm × 纵径（2.2～3.2）cm，横径变化范围更大；随输出功率及时间增加，心肌消融灶体积增大，为（0.8～8.1）cm3。消融过程中，各温度测量点温度均随时间增加而升高，针尖处温度迅速升高，最高温度可达（128.5 ± 0.3）℃；距针尖5 mm处最高温度可达（98.1 ± 0.4）℃，距针尖10 mm处最高温度可达（72.9 ± 0.2）℃。【结论】对离体心肌射频消融可得到随时间、功率改变而变化的消融灶，以射频电极为中心的向外部温度逐渐降低的热场分布，为临床采用超声引导下经皮室间隔射频消融技术治疗梗阻性肥厚型心肌病的参数条件选择提供基本依据。

【目的】研究人远端上游原件结合蛋白（FUBP1）在舌鳞状细胞癌（TSCC）组织及其癌旁正常组织中 的表达情况，探讨FUBP1在TSCC发生发展中的作用及其临床意义。【方法】采用免疫组化法检测FUBP1在收集 的90例TSCC组织及其癌旁正常组织中的表达；qRT-PCR及Western blot技术分别检测20对和8对TSCC组织及 其癌旁正常组织中FUBP1的表达，并分析其与患者临床病理参数、预后的关系。【结果】免疫组化、qRT-PCR和 Western blot结果均显示，TSCC组织中FUBP1的表达水平高于相应癌旁正常组织（P

摘要：【目的】初步探讨经食道三维超声心动图在房颤患者经皮左心耳封堵术中的应用价值。【方法】2015年10月至 2016年6月大连地区房颤患者7例，女性4例，男性3例，平均年龄（71.5 ± 3.6）岁。术前利用经食道三维超声心动图测量左 心耳开口最大直径、最小直径和最大深度，并观查左心耳开口形态和分叶数，选用美国波士顿WATCHMAN封堵器，判断封 堵器大小是否合适。术中在经食道超声引导下监测封堵过程，并于术后3个月复查。【结果】7例患者均封堵成功。术前经 食道三维超声心动图显示左心耳开口5 例呈椭圆形，2 例呈近圆形，分叶数（1.6 ± 0.8）个，测量左心耳口最大直径（23.1 ± 1.7）mm，最小直径（19.2 ± 2.1）mm，最大深度（27.6 ± 3.3）mm，最大直径与封堵器大小相关性良好（r = 0.944，P = 0.001）。术 中经食道三维超声心动图引导房间隔穿刺、输送鞘管放置、封堵器输送释放，释放后压缩比为（20.4 ± 2.7）%，6例无残余分 流，1例有少量残余分流。术后3个月复查封堵器位置形态良好。【结论】经食道三维超声心动图术前评估左心耳形态及大 小并选择合适封堵器、术中引导房间隔穿刺及封堵器输送和释放、术后即刻评价封堵器位置及残余分流，在经皮左心耳封 堵术中具有重要作用。

协作频谱感知是认知无线电网络的基础和关键阶段，频谱检测过程中的节点分配策略将直接决定联合频谱感知的结果。介绍了多种分配认知终端的方法，旨在提高频谱感知的效率和公平性。针对不同子频带的感知效率，提出了一种称为由频点占用导致的无效传输参数（inefficient transport parameter，ITP）指标来评估通信性能，给出了感知效率优化问题的闭式表达解，设计的场景包括终端对相同频带有不同的感知性能和相同的感知性能。针对不同子频带间的感知公平性，提出了两种分配算法：弓形分配算法和类划分分配算法。子频带间的公平性通过评估子带中最差的感知性能进行衡量。为了适用于实际场景，加入了频段属性参数来增强公平性，该参数考虑了主用户使用不同频段的优先级及抗干扰能力。仿真结果表明，所提出的策略显著改善了认知无线电网络中的ITP，特别是在子频带利用率不同的情况下，提出的弓形分配算法在公平性不明显降低的情况下，复杂度有明显改善。

THz（太赫兹）通信在高速、超宽带的无线接入网中有着重要的应用。THz光开关是THz通信的关键器件之一,对其进行研究具有重要意义。文章设计了一种新型的基于复式晶格光子晶体的多波长THz光开关,它能够有效地实现四波长THz波的开、关控制。利用RSOFT软件中的FDTD（有限差分时域）方法进行了仿真,结果表明,该开关的消光比达40dB,插入损耗为0.109dB,开关速率为5.55GHz,在未来无线光通信方面有着重要的应用潜力。

文章采用全矢量有效折射法深入分析了光子晶体光纤结构参数及比例系数对波导色散、总色散的作用,总结了光子晶体光纤色散特性的调整方法,探索出特定色散特性光子晶体光纤的设计方法,并且设计了在800nm处具有近零平坦色散的光子晶体光纤,该光纤对于研究飞秒激光的传输特性和应用具有一定的价值。

在光通信系统中,光纤对系统性能影响较大。为了减小多模光纤的色散对光正交频分复用（OOFDM）系统性能的影响,阐述了一种新的基于恒定吞吐量的自适应调制算法,改进的算法与原始的恒定吞吐量的自适应调制算法相比,在系统误码率变化不大的情况下,算法的复杂度降低了,仿真结果证明改进算法是正确可行的。

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A brief review of the development of ethnogeography over the past century and geography-oriented theories of minzu over the past 30 years shows that ethnogeography, which is a prominent subdiscipline of geography in the first half of the 20th century, is being eroded to an "important but not conspicuous" field in China. Geography-oriented theories of minzu highlight the significance of "geography" to the development, integration and identification of minzu, whereas the understanding of "geography" is complicated and diverse, and a direction for establishing ethnogeographical theory has not been proposed. Meanwhile, narrow ethnogeography as an independent research field or subdiscipline is devoid of a systematic theoretical system. Considering both modern and contemporary geographical perspectives as well as geography-oriented theories of minzu, three accessible approaches that can strengthen the integrity of ethnogeography and promote the integration of geographical disciplines are proposed. First, the theoretical system of broad ethnogeography could be integrated through a "state-region-place" framework. Second, the multidimensional interpretations of minzu could be bridged with disciplinary traditions of natural science, social science, and humanities to form a threefold "nature-society-humanities" interpretation system. Finally, geographical theories of minzu that emphasizes connection, mobility, and transformation could be developed from the perspective of geography as a discipline rather than a subject. The integrity of ethnogeography will be demonstrated through bridging the gaps among theories, interpretations, and knowledge, and the influence of geography will be extended. More importantly, minzu and nations are understood, not interpreted, geographically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study aims to explore the effects of different levels of herbal preparation on growth performance, serum antioxidant index and serum immune index intestinal enzyme activity in pigeons. In the experiment, 360 pigeons in good health and of similar weight were selected, randomly divided into 4 groups (group CK, group A, group B, group C), with 5 replicates in each group and 18 pigeons in each replicate. The group CK group was fed with basal diet, and the group A, group B and group C were fed with 0.01, 0.025 g/kg and 0.05 g/kg Chinese herbal preparations, respectively. The test period was 37 d, the pre-feeding period was 7 d, and the formal test period was 30 d. The results showed that: ① The final weight in group B was significantly higher than that in the group CK (P<0.05). ② In terms of serum antioxidant performance, T-AOC in group C was significantly higher than group CK, A and B (P<0.05), GSH-Px in group C was significantly or significantly higher than that in groups A, B and CK (P<0.01), and the difference between other indicators and groups was not significant, but the MDA in group B was reduced by 2.6% compared withgroup CK. ③ In terms of serum immune performance, IgA, IgM, IgG, IL-2 in B were significantly higher than group CK; complement C3 in group B was significantly higher than group CK (P<0.01), significantly higher than group A (P<0.05); complement C4 in group B was significantly higher than group CK and group A (P<0.01), IL-4 and IL-6 in group B were significantly or significantly higher than group A (P<0.05) and CK group (P<0.01), and IFN-γ in group B was significantly higher than group CK (P<0.01). ④ In terms of intestinal enzyme activity, the chymotrypsin activity in the ileum of group CK was significantly higher than that in group A (P<0.05), and that in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (P<0.01), with no significant effect on the duodenal digestive enzyme activity. In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, dietary herbal preparation effectively improved the growth performance of pigeons, significantly improved the antioxidant performance and immune function level of serum, and changed the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, with the best effect of 0.025 g/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposed a watermarking algorithm for neural radiance fields (NeRF) to address the copyright protection issue of implicit 3D models. The algorithm embedded watermarks into the images in the training set through an embedding network, and then utilized the NeRF model for 3D model modeling. It generated a backdoor image by the copyright verifier from a new perspective by providing a secret perspective as input to the neural radiation field. Subsequently, it designed a watermark extractor using the hyperparameterization method of the neural network to obtain the embedded watermark image from that perspective. In a black box scenario, once there was suspicion of unauthorized use of the 3D model, the verifier could extract watermarks from a secret perspective to verify network copyright. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only yields good visual effects when extracting watermarks, but also exhibits robust resistance to different types of noise attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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