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Copyright of Nonferrous Metals (Extractive Metallurgy) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering is the property of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (2097-2806) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Strontium barium ferrite (SrxBa1-xFe12O19) is prepared by chemical co-precipitation method using celestite strontium waste residue in Dazu District, Chongqing City. The strontium barium ferrite is characterized by XRD and SEM, and the in fluence of precipitation pH value, calcination temperature, and calcination time on the phase composition and microscopic morphology of strontium barium ferrite is explored. The experimental results show that under the conditions of precipitation pH value of 12, calcination temperature of 900 ℃, and calcination time of 2h, the prepared strontium barium ferrite has no impurity phases and has an obvious hexagonal or nearly hexagonal flake morphology with permanent magnet high saturation magnetization (Ms) and high coercive force (Hc) characteristics. The saturation magnetization (Ms) is 60.29Am²/kg, residual magnetization ( Ms) is 32.16Am²/kg and coercive force (Hc) is 308.08kA/m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Free expression of pig behavior is considered to be an important index of animal welfare. The free beds developed by China Agricultural University, where the sows are freely access to, can act as partitions to reduce the aggression behavior due to feeding competing on one hand, and on other hand provide a better lying environment for the sows. Effects of the free beds on improving the thermal comfort of the sows were confirmed, while the design on the bed width is not specified yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of unit width of swine bed and social hierarchy on behavior of pregnant sows to provide fundamental information of the bed design. In total, eighteen sows at about four weeks after breeding were randomly allocated into three special stimulation pens, and each pen was assigned with six pregnant sows. Every pen was equipped with six units of water-cooled cover, and the unit widths were 600 mm, 700 mm and 800 mm, respectively. Based on the results of wins and defeats of each sow during the first 48 h after mixing, they were individually labeled as dominant, subordinate, or submissive. The sows ranked 1st to 2nd places were defined as dominant, 3rd to 4th as subordinate and 5th to 6th as submissive. The results showed that lying and feeding behavior of group-housed sows was greatly affected by unit width of the bed and their social hierarchy. Generally, the sows spent more time lying inside the beds as the width increasing, and total lying time of each sow spent in the 600 mm width unit was significantly less compared with the 800 mm unit (P<0.05). The average duration of each lying behavior for subordinate sows in the swine bed were remarkably less than that of submissive sows (P<0.05). No significant difference was found on the duration of lateral lying that the dominant and subordinate sows spent in the 700 mm unit (P>0.05). However, it was significant less than that of submissive sows (P<0.05). Frequency of aggression behavior happened in the 600 mm width unit were significantly less than those of the 700 or 800 mm width unit (P<0.05). The frequency of replacement behavior during feeding increased progressively with increasing the unit width, and significant difference among different width units was observed (P<0.01). Compared with submissive sows, the frequency of attack and replacement behavior initiated by dominant and subordinate sows were significant higher (P<0.05). The occupying percentage of the first feeding unit by dominant sows was 62.5%, 50.0% and 100.0% in the three pens, respectively. The findings suggest that 800 mm unit widths of the bed is helpful for the sows to perform lying behavior but go against the feeding behavior, and the favorable resources of lying and feeding were typically occupied by dominant sows. Based on the finding of this study, it is suggested to appropriately increase the free beds width for better lying behavior of the sows, and meanwhile to design a locking component attaching on the ending part of the bed to reduce the aggressive behavior between the sows during feeding in the future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]