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Copyright of Journal of Practical Medicine / Shiyong Yixue Zazhi is the property of Journal of Practical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recurrent implantation failure （RIF） refers to the situation where couples facing infertility undergo multiple IVF-ET cycles and transfer multiple high-quality embryos, yet are unable to achieve embryo implantation or clinical pregnancy. The causes of RIF are multifaceted and can be influenced by many factors that may impact the outcome of IVF-ET assisted pregnancy. Despite this, there is ongoing debate regarding the definition of RIF, as well as the screening, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. This confusion largely stems from differences between current domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus. In order to provide clarity on this issue, this article aims to offer reference opinions on the standardized clinical diagnosis and treatment of RIF, based on recent research progress as well as both domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The meiosis and maturation of mammalian oocyte include three important periods： arresting at diplotene of the first meiotic prophase ,entering into the second round of meiosis and arresting at metaphase of the second meiosis. This complicated process is controlled by a series of factors, known or unknown factors ,such as mitogen-activated protein kinase,maturation promoting factor,Septin,Synaptotagmin 1,Rec8 and so on. They regulate the meiotic maturation of mammalian oocyte in the following three aspects： cell cycle ,spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. This paper reviewed the expression pattern, subcellular locatization and interaction of those proteins or factors, and their potential functions and mechanisms during the meiotic maturation of mammalian oocyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To review the efficacy of α1-blocker in the treatment of urinary calculi post extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods Key words include Urinary calculi, Alpha-blocker, Randomized clinical trail, Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, et al were searched against databases include Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library databases and CNKI. All studies that reported effect of α-blockers post ESWL were eligible for the analysis. Data was extracted through quality assessment and data filtering, then were analysed using RevMan 5.0. Results Fourteen randomized clinical trails with a total of 1 464 patients met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed a better stone clearance and shorter interval between stone fragment discharges (RR=1.21, 95%CI:1.10-1.33, P < 0.05) and (SMD= -1.23, 95%CI:-2.09 - -0.36, P < 0.05) respectively after α1-blocker administration. However, evidence is still not convincible that it can reduced the frequency of colic episodes (RR= 0.54，95%CI:0.28-1.02, P=0.06). Conclusion α1-blockers facilitates the expulsion of urinary calculi shown by a higher expulsion rate, a shorter expulsion interval during treatment. Adjunctive therapy with α1- blockers after ESWL is effective in the treatment of urinary calculi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the cycle of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), natural cycle and hormone replacement cycle are the most commonly used for endometrial preparation. There is no disagreement on the necessity of luteal phase support in hormone replacement cycles. However, there are still no consensus on the necessity of luteal phase support in natural cycles, as well as the suitable drugs, dosage form and dose in natural cycles and hormone replacement cycles. There was not a conclusion on the effects of luteal phase support on the outcomes of FET. This review stated the luteal phase support in the cycles of FET, so as to improve clinical application of the luteal phase support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) with oocyte donation technology brings new hope for infertility patients with ovarian failure, as well as some new ethic problems for the whole society. The conflicts between the development of new technology and ethical problems should be integrated in consideration, which is the precondition of the reasonable application of this new technology. The hot ethic issues at present include the supply-demand imbalance of oocyte, donor compensation, requirement for donor and recipient, anonymous and child informed. We reviewed the previous publications and proposed some suggestions for these problems: to match gradually the supply-demand imbalance by increasing donation and developing oocyte-frozen technology, to plan the compensation according to the economic development and health-economic study, to adjust properly the requirement for donor-oocytes since the pregnant rate was increasingly improved, to evaluate comprehensively the psychology and economic state of recipient before IVF, and to reconsider accordingly the anonymous and child-informed regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning is the property of Editorial Board of the Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)