Search

本研究旨在建立一份跨領域設計思考者特質量表，並應用Rasch模式檢驗其心理計量特性，同時探討這些特質在不同背景變項下的關係。研究對象主要為大學生以上的成年人，包括預試樣本的208位受試者和正式樣本的529位受試者。這份量表共包含了八個向度的特質，分別為以人為本、同理心、整合思維、創意思維、動力心態、容忍不確定性與失敗、跨領域協作，以及原型製作與迭代實驗等向度，為五點量表，共計37題。為提供多元的效度證據，資料分析採用Rasch部分給分模式。研究結果顯示，八個向度皆具有良好的模式資料適配度，且大部分題目在性別上沒有明顯的差異試題功能（Differential Item Functioning, DIF），八個向度的信度介於.81至.86之間。在差異分析方面，結果顯示在性別、年級及舊經驗等背景變項下，部分向度的設計思考者特質有顯著差異。最後，本研究提供客觀的評量觀點，探討設計思考者特質、性別和年級之間的關係，並提出推動設計思考教育重要的基礎研究和實務應用價值的相關建議。 Background and Purpose The cultivation of interdisciplinary talent is a global trend, with design thinking emerging as a crucial approach to interdisciplinary learning (Mehalik & Schunn, 2006). However, challenges arise when the definition or process of design thinking varies across fields (Chesson, 2017), leading to difficulties in establishing consistent measurement tools for assessing design thinking. Currently, the analysis employed in the development of design thinking tools primarily relies on factor analysis, which often results in an unstable factor structure and relatively subjective measurements related to design thinking. The aim of this study was to develop a scale named the Cross-Disciplinary Design Thinker Trait Scale with sufficient reliability and validity. Specifically, experts in the field reexamined the traits of design thinkers based on the relevant literature, and similar concepts were integrated into a single dimension. The Rasch Partial Credit Model was applied to examine the developed scale’s psychometric properties, providing multiple forms of evidence to establish the scale’s reliability and validity. This tool is intended to support the assessment and enhancement of design thinking abilities in both educational and professional contexts. Literature Review Throughout the late 2010s and early 2020s, design thinking gained widespread recognition as a highly effective approach for fostering innovation and creativity within corporate and organizational contexts. This surge in the popularity of design thinking can be partially attributed to vigorous promotion by influential entities such as IDEO, a prominent design company based in the United States, and the d.school at Stanford University. As a practical approach, design thinking is considered capable of addressing complex problems and enhancing various aspects related to work culture, communication, innovation, and overall organizational success. As design thinking evolves into an interdisciplinary, human-centered approach to innovation, scholars have identified key factors for its success. With design thinking becoming increasingly central to future talent development in educational institutions and professional skill enhancement in workplaces, educators now face the challenge of effectively assessing teaching and learning outcomes. In this context, understanding learners’ inherent design thinking traits is essential. Empirical investigations into the definitions of design thinking and the traits of design thinkers have consistently highlighted several dimensions, including human-centeredness, empathy, integrative thinking, innovative thinking, a motivational mindset, tolerance for uncertainty and failure, interdisciplinary collaboration, prototyping, iteration, optimism, positive beliefs, visualization of ideas, problem solving, and a willingness to embrace risks. A review of existing scales related to design thinking reveals overlap in the trait components of design thinkers; however, a variety of factor structures emerge. This inconsistency arises from exploratory factor analyses being data driven and thus leading to the extraction of common factors based on correlations in respondents’ reactions to each item. Factor structure determination relies entirely on respondent reactions and thus overlooks the theoretical foundation of the measured constructs. Consequently, problems related to sample dependence may lead to inconsistent factor structures (Gorsuch, 1983). In other words, existing design thinking measurement tools have exhibited a degree of subjectivity in their development and analytical methods. The Rasch model in item response theory (Rasch, 1960) is regarded as effective for addressing problems related to test dependence and sample dependence because of its properties of item independence, sample independence, and equidistance. The Rasch model has been widely applied in various fields— including education, psychology, and health care (Wang, 2004)— a nd is particularly suitable for examining the psychometric properties of measurement scales. On the basis of these considerations, the primary objective of this study was to develop a reliable and valid scale named the Cross-Disciplinary Design Thinker Trait Scale. The Rasch model was employed to examine the psychometric properties of this scale and to validate the scale. Method This study focused on college students in Taiwan and recruited two samples: a pilot sample and a formal sample. The pilot sample, comprising 208 participants, was used to assess the quality of the Cross-Disciplinary Design Thinker Trait Scale’s items. The formal sample, comprising 529 college students, was utilized to examine the scale’s reliability and validity. Following the method of expert review and revision to examine item contents, the traits of design thinkers were categorized into eight dimensions: human-centeredness; empathy; integrative thinking; creative thinking; dynamic mindset; tolerance of ambiguity and failure; interdisciplinary collaboration; and prototyping, iteration, and experimentation. The scale consisted of 37 items, each rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (completely inconsistent) to 4 (completely consistent). ConQuest software (Wu et al., 2007) was used for all Rasch analyses. This study examined the Design Thinker Trait Scale’s reliability and validity to provide evidence of its content validity, structural validity, generalizability validity, interpretability validity, substantive validity, and external evidence validity (Wolfe & Smith, 2007). Results In the preliminary data analysis, the results indicated that most items demonstrated strong fit. The formal data analysis revealed that the aforementioned eight dimensions of design thinker traits exhibited strong model fit, providing evidence of content and structural validity. Regarding generalizability validity, most items on the Cross-Disciplinary Design Thinker Trait Scale retained consistent meaning in relation to students of different genders, except for one item in the empathy dimension, which revealed a significant difference in interpretation between male and female students. Furthermore, the person separation reliabilities of the eight dimensions were all appropriate, ranging from .81 to .87. The evidence regarding interpretative validity revealed that the level of design thinking traits among university students exceeded the difficulty of the test items in all eight dimensions, indicating a relatively high level of design thinking traits among the participants. Regarding evidence of substantive validity, each of the items measured on a 5-point Likert scale to assess students’ trait levels appeared suitable. Additionally, regarding external evidence validity, a significantly high correlation existed between the Cross-Disciplinary Design Thinker Trait Scale and the Creative Self-Efficacy Scale, suggesting that the Cross-Disciplinary Design Thinker Trait Scale demonstrated sufficient criterion-related validity. Discussion and Suggestions Regarding future scale application and development, given the correlation between organizational culture and the use of design thinking tools, researchers should investigate variations in design thinking trait tendencies across multiple disciplines (Elsbach & Stigliani, 2018). In education, integrating design thinking into curriculum design, teaching methodologies, and teacher training is recommended (Lor, 2017). Such integration could include planning strategies and learning materials responsive to the aforementioned eight traits of design thinking with a view to cultivating students’ abilities and fostering innovation and interdisciplinary competencies. In addition, schools should consider offering courses that inspire design thinking, enhance elective options, and encourage cross-disciplinary sharing among students to balance or amplify their potential for design thinking. Moreover, using the Cross-Disciplinary Design Thinker Trait Scale in teacher training could provide insights into students’ thought processes and facilitate the design of interdisciplinary collaborative learning experiences. Future efforts should involve more systematic investigations and comparisons of design thinking traits among Taiwanese students to contribute to a deeper understanding of such traits and to establish comprehensive links among curriculum, teaching, and assessment.

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the main common diseases in nephrology endocrinology. This paper reviews studies about comprehensive nursing interventions such as dietary guidance, exercise nursing, drug treatment, psychological nursing, traditional Chinese medicine treatment and health education for patients with diabetic nephropathy, and provides reference for comprehensive treatment of diabetic nephropathy. (糖尿病肾病是肾病内分泌科的常见病之一。本研究就饮食护理、运动护理、用药指导、心理护理以及中医治疗等护理干预在糖尿病肾病患者中的应用现状进行综述, 旨在为制定和优化糖尿病肾病患者综合护理方案提供参考。)

This paper summarized the postoperative nursing of a patient undergoing surgery for lumbar disc herniation. Based on the comprehensive nursing assessment and analysis of key nursing issues, targeted nursing interventions including pain control, dietary guidance, catheter maintenance, postoperative functional exercise and prevention of complications were carried out to improve the recovery of the patient. (本文总结1例腰椎间盘突出症患者的术后护理体会。在完善术后护理评估的基础上, 明确护理问题并制定护理计划, 实施针对性护理措施, 包括疼痛控制、饮食指导、管路维护、术后功能锻炼和并发症预防, 促进患者康复。)

为‘凤丹’牡丹籽油风味研究提供参考，采用固相微萃取技术结合气相色谱-质谱法（SPME-GC-MS）测定‘凤丹’牡丹籽油挥发物组成。在单因素试验基础上，根据Box-Behnken试验设计原理，以‘凤丹’牡丹籽油挥发物总峰面积为响应值，以样品量、平衡时间、萃取时间、萃取温度为因素进行响应面试验，对‘凤丹’牡丹籽油挥发物的固相微萃取条件进行优化，然后采用SPME-GC-MS测定‘凤丹’牡丹籽油的挥发物组成及相对含量。结果表明：固相微萃取‘凤丹’牡丹籽油挥发物的最佳条件为样品量4.0 g（15 mL样品瓶），平衡时间40 min，萃取时间20 min，萃取温度80 ℃；在最佳条件下结合GC-MS分析测得‘凤丹’牡丹籽油中共有22种挥发物，其中烯烃类、酯类、醛类、醇类、杂环类、芳烃类和酚类的相对含量分别为33.34%、21.12%、20.76%、19.05%、3.48%、1.67%、0.61%。综上，该响应面法优化的固相微萃取条件适合快速测定‘凤丹’牡丹籽油挥发物，烯烃类、酯类、醛类和醇类是‘凤丹’牡丹籽油中的重要挥发物。 In oder to provide reference for the study of flavor of Fengdan seed oil, the volatile composition of Fengdan seed oil was determined by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). On the basis of the single factor experiment, according to the Box-Behnken experimental design principle, with the total peak area of volatile in Fengdan seed oil as the response value, the response surface methodology was conducted to optimize the conditions for the solid-phase microextraction of volatiles in Fengdan seed oil, with the sample amount, equilibrium time, extraction time, and extraction temperature as the factors. Then the volatile composition and relative content of Fengdan seed oil were determined by SPME-GC-MS. The results showed that the optimal conditions for solid phase microextraction of the volatiles in Fengdan seed oil were obtained as follows: sample amount 4.0 g(15 mL sample flask), equilibrium time 40 min, extraction time 20 min, and extraction temperature 80 ℃. Under the optimal conditions and combined with GC-MS analysis, 22 kinds of volatiles in Fengdan seed oil were detected. Among them, the relative contents of alkenes, esters, aldehydes, alcohols, heterocyclics, aromatic hydrocarbon and phenols were 33.34%, 21.12%, 20.76%, 19.05%, 3.48%, 1.67% and 0.61%, respectively. In conclusion, the solid phase microextraction conditions optimized by the response surface methodology are suitable for rapid determination of volatile in Fengdan seed oil, and alkenes, esters, aldehydes and alcohols are important volatile compounds in Fengdan seed oil.

This paper summarized the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing based on integration of medical care for pain management in a patient with diabetic foot disease complicated with erysipelas. An integration team of medical care specialists was established for consultation instruction, evaluation, diagnosis, treatment and nursing. Based on the syndrome differentiation, integrative nursing measures included Chinese herbal medicine application, Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse stains, acupuncture and health education before discharge from hospital were carried out to relieve the pain and improve the quality of life of the patient. (本文总结医护一体化模式下1例糖尿病足合并丹毒患者的中西医结合疼痛护理经验。组建医护一体化小组, 医护相互协作, 根据医生的中医辨证, 从专科方面进行指导, 制订中西医结合护理措施, 开展中药贴敷、中药塌渍、针刺治疗、出院指导等全方面、整体连续性的护理措施, 有效减轻患者疼痛, 提高生活质量。)

This paper summarized the postoperative nursing measures for a patient with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Based on the postoperative nursing assessment, interventions such as pain control, gastrointestinal function care, airway management were carried out. Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing techniques including intradermal needling, auricular acupoint pressing, Chinese herbal medicine hot-compress, external application and fumigation were conducted under the guidance of syndrome differentiation. The nursing of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine is effective to relieve the pain, improve the gastrointestinal function and prevent the postoperative complications. (本文总结1例脊髓型颈椎病患者术后护理经验。基于术后护理评估, 实施疼痛干预、胃肠道功能干预、呼吸系统管理等护理措施。在常规护理的基础上, 通过辨证施护, 开展皮内针、耳穴压丸、中药热奄包、药膏涂擦及熏蒸等中医适宜护理技术。中西医结合护理干预能够有效减轻患者疼痛, 改善胃肠道功能, 预防并发症。)

This paper summarized the nursing measures for a patient with intertrochanteric fracture of the right femur. According to the patient's situation, appropriate Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technology such as auricular point sticking, intradermal acupuncture, acupoint sticking were carried out to relieve the postoperative pain and constipation and improve the recovery of the patient. (本文总结1例右股骨粗隆间骨折患者术后护理经验。术后加强病情观察, 根据患者症状开展耳穴贴压、皮内针治疗、穴位贴敷等中医护理适宜技术, 以减轻患者术后疼痛, 缓解便秘, 促进早期康复。)

相較於一般綜合型大學的師資生，技職校院師資生面臨了更大的自我認同與生涯發展挑戰。本研究旨在探討設計思考融入生涯發展課程的價值，協助技職校院師資生提升自我認同，進而對於個人生涯發展有更積極的探索。此課程從2020年3月至7月，以三場工作坊的形式進 行，每場工作坊6小時總共18小時。研究對象為16位技職校院的師資生。研究過程中，研究者蒐集「教學研究日誌」、「課堂學習單」、「回家作業單」、「學生作品」與「教學意見回饋訪談大綱」等資料，將蒐集到的資料予以編碼，並採三角校正與持續比較法的分析提升研究效度。結果發現，在設計思考人生課程的歷程中，師資生能以視覺化紀錄與討論的方式，更客觀地看待自己並提升自我覺察力；過程中，交錯運用擴散性與聚斂性思考，結合自我對話與團隊合作的歷程，能強化師資生之個人認同及生涯定向，進而建立愈早失敗、愈快成功之正向創意心態與策略來解決人生問題。本研究所發展的課程及研究結果，能提供師資培育機構和生涯規劃課程之教學建議。 Background and Purpose In the life of a student, the college phase is often regarded as a preparation stage for exploring career options and entering society as an adult. Very few students begin thinking about their future careers and preparing for their lives soon after or before entering college. Most students delay the decision-making process until the year of graduation, at which point they feel helpless when they have to make a career decision; during this period, they start preparing for future employment by processing information related to career development. Compared with these students, preservice teachers have a distinct career prospect. Compared with other students from comprehensive universities, students at science and technology universities must overcome more hurdles to become qualified teachers. The aim of this study was to explore preservice teachers’ perspectives on career development and improvements in their self-identity after participating in a career design course, entitled Design Your Life, at a science and technology university. Literature Review This study reviewed research on the implementation of design thinking in education and on the career development and self-identity of preservice teachers. Design thinking was first introduced by the design company IDEO and the Stanford d.school. Currently, in the field of higher education, design thinking is widely implemented in business management, humanities and social sciences, medicine, and engineering. With the promotion of design thinking, career designing has exceeded its original scope and been developed into a set of basic methodologies for cross-disciplinary cooperation and innovation. However, few studies have focused on the implementation of design thinking in the field of teacher training. Design thinking is a process of continual exploration. In addition to exploring the needs of individuals through investigation and research and developing innovative strategies for solving relevant problems, designers receive feedback from others, develop creative solutions, and construct prototypes in the testing stage, which would subsequently lead to effective results. The creative and specific process of design thinking itself is the key to solving complex problems. Moreover, life is a process of continual exploration and problem-solving. Experiencing different careers helps individuals assess their most suitable career options. By accepting feedback from others, individuals can construct a life prototype to meet their ultimate life expectations. Preservice teachers at science and technology universities are highly likely to become future teachers; through the training process, they must discover their career potentials and educational work-related values. Previous studies have conducted various exploratory investigations regarding the career development of preservice teachers. Through continual selection and trial experiences, future teachers can evaluate themselves and gradually outline the direction of their career development; they must identify a practical and feasible goal and balance their ideal future self, personal ability, and reality. Regarding self-identity, studies have indicated that individuals form an inner structure on the basis of their abilities, experiences, beliefs, and inner drives; this structure represents self-identity, which increases or decreases with time or transfers. Therefore, individuals’ current state of self-identify is not the end point of self-identification. The development of self-identity is an exploratory process. To develop a distinct self-identity, individuals must be introspective and must persevere through a period of decision-making involving conflicts and doubts. Thus, to determine their career goals, preservice teachers must first explore their inner selves and the external environment and then make career decisions and commitments. Methods This study was based on Stanford University’s Designing Your Life: How to Build a Well-lived, Joyful Life career planning course and the Designing Your Life: How to Build a Well-lived, Joyful Life book (Burnett & Evans, 2016/2016). In an actual setting, career design courses are planned in accordance with the five-stage design thinking model (Stanford University); these stages are empathy, definition, idea, prototype, and test. Through design thinking, students explore their diverse interests and potentials, identify suitable career paths, and work toward future career development. The present study selected preservice teachers from a total of 16 private science and technology universities and subjected them to the aforementioned course (three workshops, each lasting for 6h; total credit hours, 18) between March and July 2019. The study collected the following data for coding and analysis: teaching and reflective journals, class worksheets, homework sheets, student reports, and teaching feedback. Data were analyzed using triangulation correction and continual comparison methods to ensure the validity of the study findings. Results The results revealed that the preservice teachers could objectively view themselves through visual recordings and could discuss with others to increase their self-awareness levels. Convergent and divergent thinking resulting from the process of individual dialogue and teamwork helped strengthen the preservice teachers’ self-identity and career orientation. Finally, they could develop a positive creative mindset — fail early, succeed sooner — and could devise strategies to solve their life problems. Discussion and Recommendations On the basis of the findings, this study suggests that preservice teachers can not only use design thinking to plan their own careers but also learn how to implement this approach in designing courses for others. For example, future teachers may use the five-stage design thinking model to design courses for primary and secondary school students in order to help them discover their life or on-campus problems and to promote problem-oriented learning. Therefore, teacher education centers may include this course in their curricula and support preservice teachers who require career guidance and assistance with career development. Furthermore, although this study focused on preservice teachers at private science and technology universities, the findings may be useful for high school and college students because career indecision is a normal and common phenomenon. Thus, the content of this course may be expanded to include general high school and college students. Future studies are warranted to expand the content of teaching commitment in the current curriculum; moreover, future research should include more evaluation tools, such as career development scales, value scales, and self-identity scales, to offer empirical evidence for teacher education centers.

随着配电网中新能源装机规模的扩大，会带来配网负荷峰谷差增大及新能源消纳困难等问题。储能具有“低储高发”的特性，其已经被认为是削峰填谷、提高新能源消纳能力的有效手段。但目前储能成本仍较高，故如何配置储能并对其进行经济性评估分析是重要的。为此，综合考虑储能系统参与削峰填谷、提高新能源消纳能力的两种应用场景，计及套利收益、环境效益、政府补贴、投资建设成本和年运行维护成本等多维因素，建立储能系统的经济性评估总模型，通过算例对两种场景进行经济性分析。结果表明，在削峰填谷场景中，得到了不同电价差下，储能收益最大时的最优配置。在提高新能源消纳能力场景中，确定了在所设条件下，新能源消纳比例超过66%时储能系统开始盈利。

本研究以行動研究的方式，探討探究式教學融入教育心理學課程的實施情形，以及對師資培育者專業成長的影響。研究對象為某師資培育中心修教育心理學課程的師資生 20名，共歷時一學期。研究過程中，研究者以「學生探究能力學習單」、「課堂學習氣氛問卷」、「課堂觀察紀錄表」、「教學研究日誌」、「學生作業」與「教學意見回饋」等方式蒐集資料。結果發現，藉由核心問題與層次性提問能有效營造教室探究文化，提高師資生的學習投入，進而展開自主探究學習；在探究步驟中，善用多元評量與具體回饋，讓師資生的學習變得可見；師生亦從探究中形成專業知識與理念，產生理論與實務的連結與意義。再者，研究者亦從反思中強化了探究教學信念，弭平教學壓力與成果的衝突，進而建構出探究教學轉化模式，其結果能提供師資培育課程之探究教學建議。 This research explored the implementation of an inquiry-based instruction integrated into the curriculum and its impact on the professional growth of the teacher educator using action research. Participants in this study were 20 pre-service teachers who attended an Educational Psychology course. The researcher collected multiple data from the participants’ responses for Student Inquiry Ability Checklist, the class learning atmosphere questionnaire, the teaching and reflection journals, and the pre-service teachers’ reports in class. The findings indicated that essential questions and questioning regarding Educational Psychology could be used to effectively create a classroom with a culture of inquiry, increase preservice teachers’ engagement in class, and carry out self-directed inquiry learning. During the process, the researcher made good use of multiple assessments and specific feedback to raise pre-service teachers’ performance. It can be seen that the researcher and pre-service teachers constructed professional knowledge and ideas and generated connections and meanings between theory and practice. During this process, the researcher strengthened their belief in inquiry-based instruction from reflection, reduced the conflict between teaching pressure and student learning outcome and constructed a transforming model of inquiry-based instruction. Suggestions for implementing a similar curriculum were proposed for future studies.

This paper summarized the prevention of blood return after indwelling needle placement and related nursing for a gangrene patient. Key issues of prevention and nursing included risk factors assessment, standard process, selection of proper puncture sites, tube-sealing method, selection of tube-sealing solution and health education. It is considered that taking effective preventive measures can reduce the occurrence of blood return after indwelling needle and improve the clinical therapeutic effect of indwelling needle. (本文总结1例外脱疽患者留置针置入后预防回血的护理经验, 包括风险因素评估、规范操作、选用合适的穿刺部位、封管方法、封管液的选择以及健康宣教等预防措施。通过科学的预防措施, 有效避免留置针置后的回血现象, 提高留置针临床的治疗效果。)

Wearing smoothness is one of the key factors affecting the appearance of clothing. The smooth appearance of clothing can not only show the texture and grade of clothing, but also improve the overall image and temperament of the wearer. The objective test and evaluation of smoothness is very important to the optimization of clothing design and the rational selection of materials, so it has been the focus of research in the field of textile testing. At present, the research of smoothness mainly focuses on the evaluation of flatness after washing and sewing, and pays little attention to the wrinkling of clothing during daily wearing. However, the wearing smoothness is more important than other kinds of smoothness in a sense, as the wrinkling of the dress directly affects the appearance of the clothing while the clothing can be worn after ironing, and the flattening effect of the stitches can also be improved by improving the equipment and the skills of the sewing personnel. In addition, in the analysis of the factors affecting the smoothness of the fabric, most of the studies focus on the influence of core wire types and spinning methods on the smoothness of fabrics, whereas there is a lack of in-depth research on the relationship between the fabric properties and the wrinkle patterns of clothing. As a typical representative of professional bottoms, the A-line skirt has extremely high requirements for appearance smoothness and aesthetics due to the wearing occasion, but due to its well-fitting design, it is easy to form folds during activities. In view of the practical problems faced in the wearing process, this paper takes the A-line skirt as the research object. Due to the three-dimensional spatial distribution of clothing wrinkles, it is difficult to reproduce its true shape as the conventional two-dimensional image processing technology does not contain spatial information, while the three- dimensional laser scanning technology can quickly and accurately obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the measured object, so as to capture the true shape of wrinkles. Therefore, this paper used 3D scanning technology to extract wrinkles formed on A-line skirts in sitting position, and established a series of new indexes for smoothness evaluation from four aspects: wrinkle area, wrinkle type, wrinkle size and wrinkle sharpness. The difference of fold shape among different fabrics was compared by single factor analysis of variance, and the relationship between fabric properties and wrinkle shape index was explored by correlation analysis. The multidimensional evaluation index can describe the real shape effect of wrinkling in a more comprehensive way, and the correlation analysis with fabric properties can better grasp the essence, internal connection and influencing factors of wrinkling formation. The experimental results show that the wrinkling patterns of A-line skirts formed in sitting position are different, and they can be divided into simple strip pleats and complex Y pleats, Z pleats, ring pleats and X-shaped pleats according to types. Among complex pleats. Y pleats are the most common, followed by Z pleats. Ring pleats. X pleats and compound pleats usually only appear in cotton fabrics. There is a significant difference in wrinkle formation between fabrics with different components, that is, the wrinkle effect of the fabric can be predicted by the composition. Specifically, cotton fabrics have the largest wrinkle area, complex wrinkle ratio and wrinkle sharpness, and the smallest wrinkle width; the wrinkles of hemp fabrics are gentler than those of cotton ones, the number of wrinkles is less, and the area of wrinkles is slightly smaller, polyester, wool, hemp fabrics have wide wrinkles; polyester and wool have gentle wrinkles; the wrinkles of regenerated fibers are numerous and complex, and the creases are obvious; silk fabrics have simple and neat wrinkles. The results of correlation analysis show more clearly the correlation between the physical and mechanical properties of fabrics and each wrinkle shape index. The larger the shear stiffness of the fabric, and the larger the wrinkle area, the more complex the formation of wrinkles is; the crease area formed by the fabric with good crease recovery is small; the higher the warp and weft density and the larger the warp and weft wrinkle recovery angle, the easier it is to form neat and fine folds; thick fabrics with large flexural stiffness are easy to form wide and flat wrinkles; fabrics with small square meter mass, small warp and weft bending stiffness and small wrinkle recovery angle are easy to form sharp folds. Three-dimensional scanning technology provides a new way to extract the three-dimensional wrinkle, so that the wrinkle can show its more real shape. The research results will help guide the reasonable selection of clothing materials, improve the quality of clothing, provide strong support for the development of virtual display technology of clothing, and enhance the authenticity and accuracy of display. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, the generation of the single harmonic light source is studied by using chirp waveform control and two-color waveform control. The results show that, in the case of the chirp waveform control, the adjustable range of the single harmonic light source is from 170th order to 370th order, and the energy adjustable range is wide. Moreover, the requirement of the single harmonic generation is not the very high to the laser duration and laser intensity. In the case of two-color waveform control, the adjustable range of the single harmonic light source is only from 80th order to 110th order, and the energy adjustable range is narrow. Moreover, the requirement of the single harmonic generation is a little bit high to the laser duration and laser intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the effect of miR-1-3p on the malignant biological behavior of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells and the potential mechanisms. Methods The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was analyzed to screen differentially expressed miRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-1-3p in human ESCC cell lines (KYSE30, KYSE150, KYSE410, KYSE510, and Eca109) and normal esophageal epithelial cell line HET-1A. CCK-8, wound healing, Transwell assays, and flow cytometry were applied to detect the effect of miR-1-3p on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of ESCC cells. Bioinformatics tool was used to predict the target genes of miR-1-3p. A Kaplan–Meier survival curve was drawn to analyze the correlation between STC2 expression and overall survival of patients in the ESCC cohort of the TCGA database. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to verify the subcellular location of miR-1-3p in ESCC cells, and dualluciferase reporter gene assay was performed to validate the regulation of miR-1-3p on stanniocalcin 2 (STC2). RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect the binding of miR-1-3p and STC2. Western blot assay was performed to determine the effect of miR-1-3p on the expression of STC2 and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway-related proteins, including p-PERK, p-eIF2α, and ATF4. CCK-8, wound healing, Transwell assays, and flow cytometry were applied to detect the effect of STC2 overexpression and knockdown on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of ESCC cells. Results The expression of miR-1-3p was lower in ESCC cell lines than in HET-1A cells (all P<0.05). The transfection of miR-1-3p mimic decreased the proliferation, invasion, and migration of ESCC cells (all P<0.05) and promoted the apoptosis of ESCC cells (all P<0.001). Bioinformatics tool showed that STC2 was a target gene of miR-1-3p. The expression of STC2 in ESCC tissues was higher than that in normal esophageal epithelial tissues in the ESCC cohort of TCGA database and was negatively correlated with prognosis (all P<0.05). miR-1-3p was located in the cytoplasm and can directly bind to STC2 mRNA. The transfection of miR-1-3p mimic downregulated the expression of STC2, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, and ATF4 (all P<0.05). The overexpression of STC2 promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration (all P<0.05) and inhibited the apoptosis of ESCC cells (all P<0.05). Knockdown of STC2 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration (all P<0.05) and promoted the apoptosis of ESCC cells (all P<0.05). Conclusion miR-1-3p inhibits the malignant biological behavior and promotes the apoptosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating STC2 possibly by suppressing the endoplasmic reticulum stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Guangdong Medical Journal is the property of Guangdong Medical Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis is the property of Nanjing Hangkong Daxue and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The construction of laboratory safety is essential for ensuring the efficient and orderly operation of a laboratory. Students’ safety literacy, who are the primary operators in basic teaching laboratories, directly impacts the safety status of these labs. This study proposes a comprehensive experimental teaching model that integrates laboratory managers, teachers, and students, emphasizing safety literacy development in the entire teaching process. This model has been specifically applied in the teaching of analytical chemistry experiments. It facilitates enhanced communication among laboratory managers, teachers, and students. By employing the COOP and 7S experimental teaching schemes, the model immersively engages students in maintaining and developing the experimental environment, which deeply rooting the concept of safety in their learning experience. The effectiveness of this model is evaluated using Partial Eta Squared (η2) test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis, highlighting the significant influence of procedural standardization and organizational orderliness in the experimental process on student’s safety literacy. The practice confirms that this model is instrumental in fostering good experimental habits and safety awareness among students, increasing their sense of responsibility and fulfillment in the laboratory. It achieves enhanced management quality, synergistic growth in teaching and learning, and the inculcation of safety as a core value. Consequently, laboratory personnel can maintain constant control over safety, significantly elevating the operational safety level of the laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (1006-2467) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tea Science is the property of Journal of Tea Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reviewed the standard flushing and sealing of venous indwelling catheter and related nursing management in a patient with gangrene. According to the Infusion Therapy Standards of Practice, the catheter flushing and sealing operation was performed, and blood return and catheter blockage after catheter sealing were observed. Standard use of venous indwelling catheter can effectively reduce the risk of related complications, prolong the indwelling time of peripheral indwelling needle, and achieve the purpose of safe infusion. (本文回顾1例脱疽患者静脉留置导管冲封管操作规范及护理措施。护理人员严格遵守冲封管操作规范, 观察患者留置针封管后回血及导管堵塞情况。规范使用静脉留置导管冲封管, 对降低静脉留置导管相关并发症发生风险、延长外周留置针留置时间具有积极意义, 确保患者输液安全。)

本研究旨在探討大學設計類科教師指導學生進行設計創作時，從點子的發想到最終產品的過程中，如何連結自身想像力與創造力之歷程。研究參與者為指導學生參加國內外設計競賽多次獲獎的五名得獎績優大學教師，以及九位受指導並獲獎的學生為對象。資料蒐集以半結構訪談並採三角檢驗、研究成員檢核會議等提升研究效度。研究結果發現，當學生進行設計創作時，在不斷地發散與收斂思考的交互作用下，其自身想像力與創造力的連結，共歷經四個階段。首先為發想與分析階段，此階段為探尋設計的點子來源，學生考量相關競賽徵稿、在地特色、社會議題、傳統文化等面向梳理可行的設計主題，教師透過對話引導學生思考主題的價值。第二個階段是產生與修正階段，主要是設計點子修改與討論，教師透過創意發想、換位思考等策略引導學生檢驗點子是否呼應設計初衷、商品實用性、業界需求。第三個階段是實作與評估階段，是進行點子原型的製作，在考量功能實用與美觀性、製作成本考量材質、使用者經驗下製作點子原型。最後，進入溝通與最佳化階段，教師帶領學生考量市場需求與相關競賽需求，產出一個成熟的作品。在未來建議上，本研究試圖提出設計教育規劃的核心重點，以作為未來創新教育推展之參考。 This study explored the transformation of imagination and creativity from an initial idea into a final product in the design domain. Five award-winning university teachers, who have supervised award-winning students in domestic and foreign design competitions, and their nine students participated. Data collection consisted of interviews, which were coded verbatim, with the teachers and students, and triangulation and member checks were used to validate the study. The results indicated that the design process is based on the interaction of imagination and creativity. This imagination-creativity process involves the transformation of initial ideas to the final product in four stages: (1) the idea and analysis stage; (2) generation and modification stage; (3) implementation and evaluation stage; and (4) communication and optimization stage. The idea and analysis stage focuses on idea generation. Teachers guide students in considering the value of ideas through discussion of topics including relevant competition, local needs, social issues, and traditional culture. In the generation and modification stage, teachers employ creative-thinking strategies to instruct students to examine their ideas and possible products and industrial demands to modify design ideas. In the implementation and evaluation stage, students create a prototype of their ideas based on the practicality, aesthetics, costs, materials of the final product and user experience. In the communication and optimization stage, teachers lead students in producing a well-designed product to meet the needs of marketing and design competition. Suggestions for design and innovation in education are proposed.

Based on the three-step model of high-order harmonic generation, the effect of time-space waveform control on the extension of the harmonic cutoff energy has been theoretically studied. In the case of time region waveform control, by properly changing the laser intensity ratio, the laser phase and the time delay, the optimal three-color laser waveform can be obtained. Driven by this laser waveform, the harmonic cutoff can be extended. In the case of space region waveform control, based on the above best waveform as well as by choosing the appropriate positive laser inhomogeneous effect, the harmonic cutoff energy can be further extended. Moreover, with the increase of the inhomogeneous parameter, the harmonic cutoff can be extended. By analyzing the laser waveform, the spatial inhomogeneous effect and the harmonic emission process, the reason for the extension of the harmonic cutoff energy can be found. Furthermore, by properly superposing some harmonics, a single attosecond pulse with a duration of 45 as can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Research in Education Sciences is the property of National Taiwan Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Plastics Science & Technology / Suliao Ke-Ji is the property of Plastics Science & Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Northwest A & F University - Natural Science Edition is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives To investigate the proportion of different histological types and CT enhanced imaging features of primary middle mediastinal lesions in order to improve the understanding of these tumors and the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on 84 patients with primary middle mediastinal lesions and clear histological classifications diagnosed and treated at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2012 to December 2022. Clinical, imaging, and pathological data were collected and classified according to tumor histological classifications. CT imaging manifestations such as tumor location, size, morphology, edge, boundary, internal components, enhancement characteristics, and surrounding tissue invasion were evaluated and recorded. Results The histological types of the primary middle mediastinal lesions from the 84 patients included mesenchymal tumors, anterior intestinal cysts, giant lymph node hyperplasia, substernal goiter, neuroendocrine carcinoma, lymphohematopoietic system tumors, and mesothelioma, accounting for 28.6%, 27.4%, 14.3%, 3.6%, 11.9%, 9.5%, and 4.8%, respectively. Mesenchymal tumors included peripheral nerve sheath tumors, vascular tumors, adipogenic tumors, solitary fibrous tumors, and synovial sarcoma, accounting for 54.2%, 20.8%, 12.5%, 8.3%, and 4.2%, respectively. The above tumors had diverse imaging manifestations and specific imaging features. Mature fat were found in 3 cases of liposarcoma; Calcification was observed in 2 cases of thyroid nodules and 7 cases of giant lymph node hyperplasia; Enhanced scanning showed significant enhancement in 2 cases of solitary fibrous tumors, 3 cases of thyroid nodules, and 11 cases of giant lymph node hyperplasia; Mediastinal large lymph nodes was observed in 6 cases of lymphoma and 3 cases of mesothelioma; High invasiveness was observed in 4 cases of mesothelioma and 9 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma. Conclusion Mediastinal tumors have low incidence rate and rich histological types, and their imaging manifestations are diverse. Preoperative differential diagnosis can be made according to their specific imaging characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ceramics / Taoci Xuebao is the property of Journal of Ceramics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Micronanoelectronic Technology is the property of Micronanoelectronic Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of New Media Research is the property of New Media Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geography Teaching is the property of Geography Teaching Editorial Office, East China Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)