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旨在为植物油复杂反应体系的动力学研究提供新的思路，以棕榈油为研究对象，以面制品为煎炸物，在140、150、160、180 ℃下进行连续煎炸模拟试验，测定不同煎炸温度下不同煎炸时间煎炸油中极性组分含量，并通过集总的方法建立极性组分含量与煎炸温度和煎炸时间的动力学模型。结果表明：在140、150、160 ℃下煎炸36 h均没有达到煎炸油废弃点，而180 ℃下煎炸24 h即到达废弃点；棕榈油煎炸生成极性组分的过程为零级反应，反应活化能为35.98 kJ/mol，极性组分含量随煎炸时间延长线性增长；通过建立的模型预测不同温度下棕榈油煎炸的极限煎炸时间，预测结果与模拟试验结果相符。综上，通过集总的方法所建立的棕榈油煎炸生成极性组分的动力学模型可靠，所使用的集总动力学的研究方法可以引用至其他植物油的煎炸反应体系中。In order to provide new ideas for the kinetic study of complex reaction systems of vegetable oils, continuous frying simulation experiments were carried out at 140, 150, 160 ℃ and 180 ℃ with palm oil as the research object and flour products as frying materials. The content of polar components in the frying oil at different frying temperatures and frying time were measured, and a kinetic model was established of the content of polar components versus frying temperature and frying time using lumping method. The results showed that the waste point of frying oil was not reached after frying at 140, 150 ℃ and 160 ℃ for 36 h, while the waste point reached after frying at 180 ℃ for 24 h. The polar components generated in the process of frying flour products with palm oil was a zero order reaction with an activation energy of 35.98 kJ/mol. The content of polar components increased linearly with frying time prolonging. The prediction results of the limit frying time obtained by the model established were consistent with the results of the simulation experiment. In summary, the kinetic model of polar components generated by palm oil frying established through lumping method is reliable, and the research method of lumping kinetics can be applied to the frying reaction system of other vegetable oils.

随着集成光路复杂度的增加,需要在不影响系统正常工作的情况下,在链路内使用光功率监测器对集成光路进行实时监测,有效地进行器件行为分析。文章综述了硅基光功率监测器的最新研究进展。重点阐述了表面态吸收、双光子吸收、锗吸收以及缺陷态吸收机制下的光功率监测方案以及各自的优缺点,最后详细讨论了利用缺陷态吸收机制实现光电转换的巨大优势。

[Objective] Tn order to explore the effect of corn st raw biochar on water infiltration characteristics of calcareous soil in southwest karst area. Methods］ Five bio char application gradients (0, 2%, 4 %, 6 %, and 8%), three gravel content soils (1()% 文 20%, 3()%) and no gravel soil were set up to carry out onedimensional water infiltration test. Results］ (1) With the increase of bio char application rate, except for 10% gravel content, the migration depth of the wetting front gradually decreased, and the inhibition effect of adding biochar on gravel soil was weaker than that on non-gravel soil. Taking 6() min as an example, compared with CK (without gravel), it was reduced by 1()% 〜27%，and the three gravel conditions were reduced by 1% 〜17%, 1% 〜16%，and 1 %〜21 %, respectively. When the application amount was 8 %, the migration depth of each treatment was the smallest. (2) Biochar reduced the cumulative infiltration of lime soil. The cumulative infiltration amount without gravel was 9% 〜27% lower than that of CK, while that with gravel was 11 %〜21 % lower than that of CK. Among them, the cumulative infiltration amount was the least when the amount of gravel and biochar was 30% and 8%, respectively, and the amount of 2% had no significant effect. (3) With the increase of bio char application rate, the initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate of gravel-free soil decreased gradually. The effect of biochar on the stable infiltration rate of gravel soil is more significant than the initial infiltration rate. (4) Compared with the Philip model, both the Horton and Kostiakov models can be used to fit the soil water infiltration process in this study, but the fitting trend of the Horton model is more consistent with the actual results. _ Cori elusion] Corn straw bio char presents a promising solution for mitigating soil water infiltration in calcareous soil within karst regions. The distinguishing factor lies in the observation that the efficacy of corn straw biochar in mitigating soil water infiltration is less pronounced under gravel-infused conditions compared to homogeneous soil devoid of gravel. These findings offer valuable insights for the regulation of rainfall infiltration and effective soil moisture management in limestone-rich soils across the southwest karst landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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目的 分析不同保存液存放新型冠状病毒阳性对照品的效果。方法 采用常规保存液(常规 保存液组)和长庚病毒样本保存液 (CG 保存液组) 存放新型冠状病毒阳性对照品,分析2种保存液于室温 (25 ℃)、4 ℃、-20℃ 存放的稳定性。结果 常规保存液组室温存放时第 12 小时后 N 基因稳定性下降;第 18 小时 后 ORFlab 基因稳定性下降;而 CG 保存液组24h内靶基因稳定性均未受影响。4 ℃ 存放 7d、-20 ℃ 存放 8 周靶基因稳定性均良好。结论 CG 保存液可用于临床样本运输存储且能保持病毒核酸完整性。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To introduce the technical improvements of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) in children and evaluate its therapeutic efficacies. Methods Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 17 children with hepatic masses undergoing LLR from June 2019 to March 2022.There were 8 boys and 9 girls with a median operative age of 21(2-44) months. Patient demographics, perioperative imaging studies, surgical procedures and parameters, postoperative serum biochemical tests, postoperative complications and follow-up data were recorded. The major surgical improvements included preoperative virtual surgical planning based upon three-dimensional reconstruction and routine application of indocyanine green (ICG) navigation during liver parenchyma division and resecting first/econd-class ducts outside Glissonean pedicle or lowering central venous pressure during parenchyma division in selected cases. Results There were benign lesions (n=3) and hepatoblastoma (HB, n=14).The longest average diameter of hepatic mass was 6.2(3.2-14.4) cm. Non-anatomical liver resection was performed for S7 (n=1) and S4a(n=1).Among anatomical liver resections, there were left lateral sectionectomy (n=1), left hepatectomy (n=7), right hepatectomy (n=3) and right posterior sectionectomy (n=3).An associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) was performed in a 3-year-old girl with hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma. The median operative duration was 234.4(70-360) min and the median estimated volume of blood loss 60.7(20-300) ml. One child was converted into laparotomy. The girl undergoing ALPPS developed bile leakage postoperatively and it was cured by drainage. There were no other perioperative complications and all HB cases underwent R0 resection. The average postoperative recovery time of liver function was 7(5-12) days. A child of HB and pulmonary metastasis developed pulmonary recurrence at Month 14 post-operation and there was no other recurrence during follow-ups. Conclusion Surgical complications of LLR in children may be minimized through strictly complying with surgical indications, mastering spatial anatomy of hepatic mass by preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction, selecting a proper surgical approach and routinely applying ICG navigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)