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Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences is the property of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tropical Meteorology (1004-4965) is the property of Guangzhou Institute of Tropical & Oceanic Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Under the condition of pot cultivation in the field, the intelligent ultra-low temperature light incubator was used to carry out a 4h·d−1 simulation experiment of late spring coldness in the anther differentiation period of two wheat varieties, Yannong 19 (YN19, strong resistance to late spring coldness) and Xinmai 26 (XM26, weak resistance to late spring coldness). Two temperature treatments of 2℃ and −2℃ were set, and the control treatment (CK) was 10℃, in order to clarify the effect of different degrees of late spring coldness on the number of grains and grain weight at different spike positions of wheat main stem. The results showed that: (1) the number of fertile grains and grain weight at different spikelet on the main stem in different treatments were changed as a quadratic curve of first increased and then decreased. (2)Late spring coldness significantly reduced the number of fertile grains at different spikelet and grain positions of wheat main stem, and the reduction amplitude increase with the increase of stress degree. Under 2℃ and −2℃ treatment, the total fertile grains of lower, middle and upper spikelets of YN19 decreased by 40.74%, 18.75%, 35.00% and 70.37%, 32.50% and 15.00% respectively, while XM26 significantly decreased 62.50%, 7.87%, 20.00% and 100%, 42.22%, 100%, respectively. (3)Mild late spring coldness stress (2℃) reduced the grain weight of wheat main stem, while severe late spring coldness stress (−2℃) increased the grain weight due to the sharp reduction of the number of grains per spike. Compared with CK, the grain weight of spikelets of YN19 decreased by 2.93% − 47.53% and XM26 by 19.72% − 49.96% under 2℃ low temperature stress treatment; the grain weight of spikelets of YN19 increased by 20.57% − 60.84% and XM26 by 1.20% − 42.78% under −2℃ low temperature treatment. (4)The dry weight of the total grains at different parts of wheat main stem spike in two varieties was lower than that of CK due to the late spring coldness. Under the stress of 2℃ and −2℃, the dry weight of total grains of the lower and middle spikelets of YN19 significantly decreased by 49.49%, 28.99% and 65.76%, 29.47%, respectively, compared with CK, and the dry weight of total grains of the upper spikelets under −2℃was significantly reduced by 23.09% compared with CK. While under the stress of 2℃ and −2℃, the dry weight of total grains of the lower, middle and upper spikelets of XM26 significantly decreased by 69.76%, 28.61%, 20.02% and 100%, 42.33%, 100%, respectively, compared with CK. To sum up, the late spring coldness had adverse effects on the number of fertile grains and grain weight at different spikelet and grain positions of wheat main stem. The damages to the wheat main stem spike position was shown as follows: the lower spikelet > the upper spikelet > the middle spikelet, and the order of damage to the wheat grain position was shown as follows: G3 (the third grain position) > G1 (the first grain position) > G2 (the second grain position). It was concluded that the effect of late spring coldness on the number of fertile grains was greater than on the grain weight, and the degree of influence increased with the aggravation of late spring coldness stress. Both the number of fertile grains and the weight of grains showed that the lower spikelets were most affected, that is, the inferior spikelets and inferior grains were more affected by the late spring coldness. The late spring coldness during the anther differentiation period mainly reduced the number of grains per spike of the upper spikelet and the lower spikelet of the main stem spike, reduced the weight of inferior grains, and finally leads to the reduction of wheat yield. By comprehensive comparison, the damage degree of YN19 was less than that of XM26, and YN19 had stronger resistance to late spring coldness. Therefore, selecting wheat varieties with strong resistance to late spring coldness is an important measure to reduce the damage of late spring coldness in wheat production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology is the property of Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University / Nanjuing Nongye Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To understand the trend of birth defects in Xi'an by using gray model, ARIMA and NAR. Methods The birth defects monitoring data of perinatal infants from 28-week pregnant women to 7 days after birth were collected from all the hospitals with obstetrical department in Xi'an during 2003 and 2015. The incidence of birth defects data from October 2003 to September 2015 in Xi'an City were used to construct the data model. We compared data with the actual birth defects rate from October 2003 to September 2015 to further optimize and make supplement for the model, and then predicted the incidence of birth defects in Xi'an from 2016 to 2017. Microsoft Excel 2003 was used for data input and SPSS version 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Matlab was used for Gray Model and NAR prediction. ARIMA mathematical model was predicted by R software. Results The grey prediction model suggested that the birth defects rate in the four quarters of 2016 and 2017 was 9.62‰, 9.67‰, 9.72‰, 9.77‰, 9.82‰, 9.87‰, 9.92‰ and 9.97‰, which was in slow increase. The ARIMA model predicted that the birth defects rate in Xi'an would still fluctuate at a high level in 2016 and 2017, and the rate in the four quarters was 11.98‰, 12.83‰, 11.28‰, 11.78‰, 12.23‰, 11.73‰, 11.80‰ and 12.00‰. The NAR model predicted that the birth defects rate in Xi'an was 13.24‰, 17.91‰, 10.55‰, 16.08‰, 16.47‰, 9.42‰, 11.99‰ and 11.68‰. The birth defects rate would reach the peak in 2016 and decrease in 2017. Comparison of the above three models showed that the root mean square error of grey prediction model, ARIMA model and NAR model was 1.353009, 1.181373 and 0.555347, respectively. Conclusion Based on the prediction by the above three mathematical models, it shows that NAR model is more accurate and reliable in predicting the data of this study, followed by ARIMA and grey model. Effective intervention measures for birth defects are still the key task of public health for a long time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition) / Jiangsu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban) is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The leakage magnetic field of transformer causes increasing loss, local overheating, winding deformation, etc., and leads to damage to the insulation of the power transformer and is a huge threat to transformer safe and stable operation. Based on the finite element method, 2D and 3D simulation models of 10kV real-scale transformer are established, and the models are used to study characteristics of the leakage inductance in different conditions. The simulation results of leakage inductance are also compared between the measured value and theoretical calculation value. The results are that for short-circuit test simulation, error of 2D simulation model's leakage inductance is only 7.6%, better than the results of 3D simulation model. Simulation models are superior to traditional magnetic circuit method, which means that finite element modeling is accurate and correct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Application Research of Computers / Jisuanji Yingyong Yanjiu is the property of Application Research of Computers Edition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)