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Based on the daily precipitation data of 15 ground stations in the source regions of the Yellow River, the daily runoff data of Tangnaihai Hydrological Station and the wavelet analysis method, this paper analyzed the periodic law, change trend and correlation of precipitation and runoff in the flood season of the source regions of the Yellow River from 1961 to 2020. The results show that a) the precipitation and runoff in the flood season of the source regions of the Yellow River in the past 60 years have the characteristics of multi-time scales, and the variation trends of precipitation and runoff in flood season are different at different time scales. b) The precipitation and runoff series in flood season have the main periods of about 63 years and about 35 years, and the average periods of the three time scales are about 41 years and 25 years, respectively. The precipitation and runoff in flood season have a certain positive correlation. c) Under the 63-year characteristic time scale, it can be predicted that the precipitation and runoff in the flood season of the source regions of the Yellow River will decrease in the next 5-10 years after 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]