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11,000年ほど前に世界で農耕が始まって以来、農業は人口の伸びを支えてきたが、現在、世界の食料不足人口は8.15億人にものぼり、1.55億人の子供が慢性的な栄養不良状態にある。一方、食料安全保障の定義には栄養の観点が含まれ、食料生産に留まらず摂取まで視野に入れることが提唱されている。さらに、栄養改善のためには、農業、保健のみならず複数分野の連携が必要とされている。しかしながら、歴史的にみれば、途上国農業分野の開発協力は、生産と収入の向上を重視し、栄養改善まで届こうとしたものは限られてきた。2016年、栄養改善が主要な国際潮流の一部となり、SDGsにも制定されているなか、独立行政法人国際協力機構（JICA）はアフリカ開発のための新パートナーシップ事務局（NEPAD）とともに「食と栄養のアフリカ・イニシアチブ（IFNA）」を立ち上げ、マルチセクター・アプローチを通じたアフリカの栄養改善に取り組み始めている。食料生産から摂取に至るフード・システム全体を視野に入れ、関係分野とも連携した農業分野の途上国開発協力が、農耕を始めた人類の目的ともいえる食料安全保障と栄養改善の実現に不可欠となっている。, Since human beings started cultivation of land some 11,000 years ago, agriculture has been feeding the increasing population. However, 815 million people still remain food-insecure and 155 million children are chronically malnourished. Food security does not just mean that there is sufficient food but sufficient ‘nutritious’ food accessible. In addition, ‘utilization’ of food is emphasized for food security, which calls for a multi-sectoral approach. Having said that, historically, development cooperation in the agriculture sector focused on mostly food production and household income rather than food intake, and the multi-sectoral approach has not been taken adequately. Today, food security and nutrition has become one of the most important development issues and the Sustainable Development Goal 2 is about it. The Japan International Cooperation Agency and the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency jointly launched the “Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa” in 2016 that coordinates different sectors for better nutrition in Africa. It has been 11,000 years since we started agriculture and it is only 12 years towards the SDGs target year when we finally have to achieve food security and nutrition improvement. For that, a view on the whole food systems and the multi-sectoral approach are indispensable in the agricultural development.

[Abstract] The purpose of this article is to examine potentials and challenges of making a multi-sectorial platform for humanitarian assistance, consisting of the government, NGOs and the private sector, as a new alternative of current humanitarian actions, responding to its changing environment in the 21st century. Impact of the making multi-sectorial platform provides more locally initiated activities with emerging innovation promoted by the private sector, and broader activities through collective efforts generated by many actors’ interaction at global, regional and national level. The main challenge would be the sustainability of the platform system, in terms of making fund, stimulating members’ motivation, and creating innovative environment. Productive linkage inside and outside platform should be considered with more strategic and wider viewpoint.