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Background and Objectives Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, and its increasing growth has led to numerous health and socioeconomic problems in the community. Subjects and Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 40 men with type 2 diabetes were selected from the volunteers based on a nutritional questionnaire, exercise abilities, body mass index, and physical health. They were randomly divided into four groups: exercise, nettle, exercise plus nettle, and control. The resistance training program was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week with an intensity of 60% to 70% of a maximum repetition, and aerobic exercise with an intensity of 60% to 80% of maximum heart rate. The dose of nettle was 100 mg per day. Blood sampling was performed before fasting and 48 hours after the last training session. Data were analyzed using paired t test and analysis of variance. Results After eight weeks of intervention, there was a significant difference in fasting insulin and glucose levels between the groups (P= 0.001 and P= 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the retinol levels bound to protein 4 between all groups (P= 0.096). Conclusion The results showed that both exercise and nettle interventions reduce fasting insulin and glucose levels, but reducing retinol levels bound to protein 4, exercise and nettle interventions are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Inflammation plays a major role in insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc supplementation and combination of Zn supplementation and exercise on the level of some inflammatory factors in men with type 2 diabetes. Subjects and Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study, 48 men with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: control, Zn supplementation, exercise and Zn supplementation plus exercise. The training protocol comprised of six weeks of training, three sessions/week, and each training session consisted of 60 min of combined resistance training and aerobic training. Zn supplementation was taken daily in a capsule containing 30 mg of Zn sulfate . Results: The results showed that exercise training significantly reduces inflammatory factors and glycemic index compared to the control group (P <0.05). Supplemental consumption also significantly reduces inflammatory factors without a significant effect on glycemic index compared to the control group (P <0.05). Changes in IL-1β and insulin resistance were significantly higher in the training and combination groups than in the supplement group (P <0.05). Also, changes in CPR and fasting blood sugar were higher, significant in the combination group than in the supplement group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that both zinc supplementation and exercise interventions reduce the level of inflammation in diabetic patients. But exercise interventions are needed for greater effectiveness and improving the insulin resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]