1. АГРАРНИЙ СЕКТОР У РОСІЙСЬКІЙ ІМПЕРІЇ НА ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОЇ ГУБЕРНІЇ.
- Author
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К. П., Бибік
- Subjects
TWENTIETH century ,IMPERIALISM - Abstract
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Ukrainian lands that were part of the russian empire were inhabited mainly by peasants, and the russian empire itself was an overtly agrarian state. Accordingly, it can be safely asserted that the position of the peasantry embodied the views of the entire Ukrainian people on the scale of Ukraine, and ensured the stability of the entire state. At the beginning of the 20th century, the agrarian sector of the russian empire, and accordingly the tens of millions of peasants involved in it, was going through a severe crisis. Technical backwardness, medieval forms of economy, poverty and landlessness - all this pushed the peasants to reject the existing regime, spread among them radical anti-monarchist sentiments, which would later become one of the catalysts of the Russian Revolution of 1905-1907. A series of peasant uprisings would force even the conservative and averse Nicholas II to instruct his head of the Council of Ministers, Peter Stolypin, to carry out agrarian reform in a last-ditch effort to save the empire. Specifically, the Chernihiv province in this case is an ideal litmus test of the position of the peasantry in general in the empire. In contrast to the provinces of the left bank, which are rapidly industrializing thanks to large mineral deposits, the right bank, which was occupied by sugar beet plantations, and the provinces of the south, the export-oriented granary of the empire, the Chernihiv province, like the rest of the provinces in the north, was an example of pure, not distorted by external factors, conditions of the peasantry. In this article, the situation of the peasantry in the russian empire at the beginning of the 20th century will be considered on the example of the Chernihiv province; the structure of land ownership in the region, the conditions in which peasants lived, the causes of peasant poverty and technological backwardness are considered, and the general trends in the agricultural sector characteristic of the region are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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