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Copyright of Journal of Oriental Studies (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University) / Kazahskij Nacional'nyj Universitet Imeni Al'-Farabi Vestnik Seriâ Vostokovedeniâ is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article interprets the problem of socialisation and resocialisation of "feral" children on the example of real-life stories, folklore and literary works. A pedagogical commentary is made on trends, causes and results, as well as on educational and methodical approaches to the inclusion of children raised by animals in the wild. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Статья посвящена двухтомному изданию полного собрания переписки В. В. Розанова и П. П. Перцова (499 писем), подготовленному сотрудниками Института русской литературы Е. И. Гончаровой и О. Л. Фетисенко и выпущенному Издательством «Пушкинский Дом» в серии «Русские беседы» в 2023 г. Это научное издание, посвященное переписке чрезвычайно популярного, хотя и противоречивого публициста, литературного критика, эссеиста и мыслителя В. В. Розанова с гораздо менее известным литератором П. П. Перцовым, который составил и издал четыре ранние книги писателя и тем самым проложил ему дорогу к известности, устраняет заметную лакуну в освоении эпистолярного наследия Розанова. Несмотря на гораздо большую известность В. В. Розанова, письма не столь знаменитого, но широко образованного и вполне самостоятельного критика, публициста, издателя и философа П. П. Перцова, имеющего по всем обсуждаемым вопросам собственное, независимое мнение, представляют собой важное «контрапунктное» дополнение к ним. Более того, часто письма Перцова являются своеобразной дружеской «поправкой» к идеям Розанова, предстающего перед читателем в этой переписке во всем блеске его безудержной фантазии и дерзких, а порой и шокирующих литературных «фуг» и «рапсодий». В статье рассматриваются индивидуальные особенности характеров и творческого почерка обоих корреспондентов. Прослеживаются основные этапы этой творческой дружбы, нашедшей отражение в письмах. Впервые публикуемая в полном объеме и с такими подробными, тщательно выполненными комментариями переписка представляет собой количественно и качественно новый этап в освоении эпистолярного наследия В. В. Розанова и П. П. Перцова в контексте изучения всего творческого наследия двух писателей, а также русской литературно-«Художественные фуги» и «Боевые рапсодии» 22-летней переписки философской мысли Серебряного века. Выполненное на высоком профессиональном уровне, с широким охватом литературно-философской проблематики, издание переписки вносит существенный вклад в изучение русской культуры рубежа XIX и XX вв.

Copyright of Journal of Oriental Studies (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University) / Kazahskij Nacional'nyj Universitet Imeni Al'-Farabi Vestnik Seriâ Vostokovedeniâ is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the work Ethnotypes of the Lithuanian-Polish-German borderland in the novella "On the Imperialist War" by Maksim Haretski is to conduct an imagological analysis of the ethnotypes present in the work. In order to achieve it, it seems necessary to solve the following tasks: • to identify the main artistic images that reveal the features of ethnic stereotypes; • to identify the most important qualities assigned by the author to the collective images of various peoples; • to compare ethnotypes in terms of their structural heterogeneity generated by the situation of cultural boundaries at the break of major historical epochs. The methodology of the research is imagology in the version of the "Dutch school" (Joep Leerssen); some approaches of the "Aachen programme on imagology" (Hugo Dyserinck) are used. The setting of Maksim Haretski's novella On the Imperialist War is the Lithuanian-Polish-German borderland at the junction of the German and Russian empires in 1914. In it, the author creates a whole gallery of ethnotypes of various peoples, revealing a connection with ethnic stereotypes present in Belarusian culture. Stereotypical images of representatives of the most numerous European peoples - Russians, Germans, Poles - are divided into a number of subtypes and ethnotypes of an intermediate and difficult-to-identify character. The self-image of the Belarusian reveals both sublime-romantic and reduced-naturalistic components. The comparison of the Belarusian ethnotype with others does not always take the form of their clear opposition to each other. At the same time, the image of Belarus as a country turns out to be similar to that of Lithuania and contrary to that of Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Slavica (0583-5336) is the property of University of Debrecen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The text is dedicated to the novels of Salman Rushdie, one of the world's novelists of the third millennium, who preserve the importance and significance of postmodern fiction. Different novels from different decades are presented that employ a variety of postmodern practices and forms such as intertextuality, metafiction, heteroglossia, remitification, parody and the grotesque. The author builds a colorful world in which images and plots from the dynamic present, but also historical and mythological creatures and heroes are intertwined. Main attention is focused on the novel Quixote, which follows the lives of the fictional Quixote and Sancho in the very real American world. With a colorful palette of fantastic creatures, but also real characters from different eras, the author raises pressing issues about racism, consumer gluttony and obsession with the media spectacle. A brief review of the latest novel, Victory City, with which the author returns to India, building a magical, magnetic, fairy-tale world in which „the conventions of the outside world lose their meaning and melt away”, but at the same time references are made to reality. In conclusion, the importance of Salman Rushdie as a global and postmodern author is reaffirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Journal of Art Studies is the property of Central Asian Journal of Art Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes the characteristics of the reading the context when the reader lacks complete communicative and language proficiency. Within this framework, the text introduces a motivating and instructional reading model tailored for this specific audience. It further offers various reading strategies and practices designed to assist both educators and students who are learning Bulgarian in environments where language exposure is limited or absent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines 181 comparisons of the interpretations of a given themes in two literature texts, one of which is unstudied, carried out by high school students, insofar as it is assumed that it is through such tasks that the degree of mastery of a specific competence can be assessed. Several typical skill deficits manifested in task performance are differentiated, their causes are sought, and some opportunities for optimizing the assessment toolkit are suggested – with the hope of supporting efforts to reoriented literature education from learning and reproducing knowledge to mastery of literary competences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

В статье анализируется комплекс художественных текстов писателя В.Г. Короленко об уездном городе Глазове Вятской губернии образца 1879 года. Цель исследования заключается в анализе ономастического пространства художественных произведений глазовского цикла, необходимом для дальнейшего изучения языковой личности писателя. С помощью специально созданной компьютерной программы проанализированы тексты произведений и получен глоссарий собственных имен с указанием частоты их использования. Отдельно исследовано подпространство топонимов; их ранжирование по частотности употребления автором позволило выделить ядро, околоядерное пространство, ближнюю и дальнюю периферии топонимического пространства анализируемых произведений. Исследование художественной топонимии Вятского региона позволяет выявить особенности стиля писателя с явно выраженным местнографическим уклоном творчества.

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article seeks to outline the current state of North American scholarship on prose, poetry and theatre works from Central Asia. Firstly, it will explain how the term "Central Asia" is defined by various institutions and university departments: what languages is Central Asian literature written in, what territorial expanse does it describe? We will consider such questions with reference to contemporary theories of diaspora and linguistic deterritorialization as well as to historiography of the region. Next, the article will describe the historical trajectory of Central Asian cultural studies in the leading North American universities, and offer an overview of its current key players, as well as the supra-institutional academic societies that foster the study of Central Asian literature today. Finally, the growing importance of Central Asian literature to the broader disciplines of world literature and comparative literature will be assessed. The author highlights what scholars contributed to Central Asian literature studies. The theoretical significance based on a critical analysis of North American Central Asian literature studies will provide understanding what perspectives and problems occur in the field of Central Asian literature studies in North American universities. The practical significance is that the findings can be used in different courses related to the problem of Central Asian literature studies abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the globalization of the 21st century, which is driven by the postmodernist processes of decanonization that create a hybrid cultural environment in the present. The main focus of the text is the film-literature relationship, which is both synergistic and competitive in the market of cultural products. The article presents key postmodern novels from the 80s and 90s of the last century and their film adaptations, which even in the 21st century reproduce with the techniques of cinema a common, archetypal, futuristic, fictional model. Cinema and literature in the third millennium are subordinated to corporate interests and media giants, and the rhizomatic interface between the arts argues for the ubiquitous hybridization of culture. In conclusion, the dialogical modes between world literature, world cinema, and world media are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

В самом общем виде род деятельности Михаила Эпштейна очерчивается таким кругом сфер, как филология, философия, культурология, литературная критика, лингвистика. В настоящее время метод Эпштейна классифицируется исследователями как «аналитически ориентированный». Цель статьи – определить систему приемов философской эссеистики Михаила Эпштейна с опорой на материал книги Парадоксы новизны. Несмотря на то, что саморефлексия автора распространяется и на многочисленный ряд статей (Законы свободного жанра (Эссеистика и эссеизм в культуре Нового времени), О душе. Четыре эссе, Эссе об эссе, Бог деталей и др.), такие особенности поэтики эссеизма, как авторское начало, образность, отступления, концентрированно проявлены уже дебютной книге. Книга отличается свободой изложения, насыщенна афоризмами и пространными философскими изречениями. Эссеизацию можно считать ведущим жанрообразующим принципом книги. Перед автором стоит задача определить роль традиции в литературе, что связано с главным авторским интересом, «культурой в ее пограничных ситуациях». Фактор, скрепляющий тексты, – стремление автора предложить способ решения «проблемной ситуации»: что есть критика и как смотреть на литературу. Сюжет книги выстраивается из вопрошаний и личных культурных и мировоззренческих предпочтений автора. Задача заключается в анализе написанного ранее и подведении рубежных итогов творческой деятельности. Книга носит манифестарный характер как первое крупное произведение автора. Здесь содержится программа будущей деятельности Эпштейна, что подтверждается последующим дополнением и переизданием. Существенно, что в качестве материала выбрана русская классическая литература.

The article interprets the problem of the educational and preventive functions of literature. A systematisation and interpretation of the literary works included in the curricula in the first and second high school stages of secondary education is proposed, in the context of the components determining the structure of personality upbringing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Context / Kontekst is the property of Institute of Macedonian Literature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Black Sea / Karadeniz is the property of Black Sea / Karadeniz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of German International Journal of Modern Science / Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für Zeitgenössische Wissenschaft is the property of Artmedia24 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Philological sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Philological sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This text responds to the conceptualisation of nineteenth-century Russian realism presented in separate chapters of the monograph Russian Realism of the 19th Century. Society, Knowledge, Narrative. The review examines the objectives set in the introductory article of the collection and their development in specific studies. The review evaluates the tendency to actualise the work done so far in understanding the concept of “realism”, to pay attention to it again, and combine the views of Russian researchers with the works of foreign scholars. The authors of individual articles of the collection manage to direct their attention to the chosen aspects of studying not only of specific literary works of realist writers of the nineteenth century, but also to those factors external to their creative activities which in many respects determined the themes, subjects, and value orientation of their works. The review also points out that, while comprehending some specific features and specific literary works, and realism as a universal phenomenon, the authors often pay attention to rather private issues. Assessing the work done and the tendency to compare the works of Russian writers with Western ones, it is stated that the authors of individual chapters are not always able to summarise the results of the research and point out exactly what is universal in realism, and what is typical of the Russian realism of the nineteenth century.

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Jonathan Littell’s novel The Kindly Ones places literature in a very unusual position ‒ that of a witness to the truth. The unexpected status of literature turns out to be justified because neither the victims nor the executioners can describe the terrible events of the Holocaust during World War II. The victims are subjected to the extermination, the executioners try to conceal their guilt. Then we need a third point of view – that of the fictional narrative. Because the executioners survive, unlike the victims, Littell’s novel sets out to present the Holocaust from their perspective. However, to what extent can we trust the main character, the Nazi officer Maximilian Aue? Does his seemingly objective narrative in fact not leads us towards belittling of the events he describes? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal for Languages & Literatures of the Faculty of Philosophy in Novi Sad / Zbornik za Jezike i Knjizevnosti Filozofskog Fakulteta u Novom Sadu is the property of Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The review of the two journals Discourse and Critics and Semiotics published in Novosibirsk allows to state that the west Siberian Region has become one of the leading centers of the Russian semiotics studies. The establishment of the research and development laboratory on semiotic research of literature and arts in the Ishim Ershov Teachers Training Institute gave the lecturers an opportunity to participate in studying of the actual problems, helped to understand the perspective trends of modern humanitarian science.

The article briefly presents five new books that were promoted at a special event at the University Library of South-West University “Neofit Rilski” in June 2022. The books are both scientific and fiction and show the genre diversity and specific scientific interests of the members of the Faculty of Philology. All five books were published in 2021, and their authors are prominent Bulgarian literary critics, linguists and anthropologists, members of the faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article suggests an attempt to comment the book “Ancient Reminiscences in Revival Literature” by Andriana Spasova through its main purpose – the careful description of the place of the ancient image in the context of secular and religious literature in the 19th century and the specifics of their reader’s reception. An important part in the body of the text is dedicated to the complex and in some cases contradictory ways of learning of this image into cultural life in the era of the Bulgarian revival (allusion, implicit quotation, hinting, reflection, example). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the life and work of Italo Calvino, a writer with a huge contribution to Italian literature. His life path, political and moral views are examined. The text analyses Calvino’s work and how his life experiences influenced him. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Oriental Studies (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University) / Kazahskij Nacional'nyj Universitet Imeni Al'-Farabi Vestnik Seriâ Vostokovedeniâ is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drawing on the research of Martha Nussbaum, the article focuses on the "devastating" crisis experienced by modern education systems entailing their consistent subordination to the dominant economic logic and the resulting neglect of the literature and humanities in the school curricula. According to Nussbaum, should this trend continue to prevail, very soon the education systems will be simply producing generations of efficient machines incapable of human empathy and devoid of any critical reflection. Literary education, Nussbaum emphasizes, can not only help cultivate empathy and humane attitude towards the other, but also become one of the main factors in developing these traits. Stimulating the active emotions and imagination of the children, literature encourages them to think about others, about strangers with whom their real life experience will not give them the opportunity to meet. Reading literature helps one to build an inner intuition for the common human vulnerability, and thus counteracts the temptation to respond to human imperfections and weakness by pursuing total control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yuliana Stoyanova’s book provides a complete overview of the most important issues in general psycholinguistics, especially in the field of developmental psycholinguistics. The Bulgarian contributions in this relatively young interdisciplinary field are clearly highlighted. An emphasis is placed on the acquisition of the Bulgarian language, which not only fills a gap in the psycholinguistic research worldwide, but also provides an opportunity to verify existing models by attracting plentiful data from another language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of German International Journal of Modern Science / Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für Zeitgenössische Wissenschaft is the property of Artmedia24 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Проект NEWSLA — это проект, получивший поддержку программы ERASMUS MUNDUS. Включает в себя универсальную подготовку современной формы второй ступени высшего образования по славистике, подготовлен тремя университетами (Силезский университет в Катовицах, Остравский университет в Остраве, Университет имени Св. Кирилла и Мефодия в Скопье). Программа обучения, разрабатываемая в рамках этого проекта, будет содержать также курс на тему «Город в литературе и культуре» этих трех стран, охватывающий следующие темы: город как центр мира, город как мифологическое место, геокультурная символика города, феномен «потерянных» городов, отношение человека к городу, фланирование или искусство прогулки по городу и город как переводческая проблема. В статье представлены различные аспекты и примеры из указанной программы обучения. Статья поступила в редакцию 17.01.2022. Цитирование Танушевска Л. Топос города — широкое поле для создания курса лекций в рамках проекта NEWSLA // Славянский альманах. 2022. No 1–2. С. 293–303. DOI: 10.31168/2073-5731.2022.1-2.3.06

The article examines the cultural situation in Bulgaria in the end of XIX and the beginning of XX century, as well as the role of Dr. Krastyo Krastev and Alexander Bozhinov in the literary life in our country. The emergence of the two literary associations, the goals they set for writing their publications, will be traced and their participation in the construction of the new Bulgarian literature will be analyzed. After the Liberation, Bulgarian literature entered a new stage of its development. In the first years it is still more of a transition, moving from the Renaissance to the new reality. At the end of the 80s of the XIX century, the themes and motives associated with the national liberation struggles began to give way to everyday worries. New heroes appear - the rich parvenu, the politician, smug and thirsty for "feats" and others. At the turn of the XIX and XX centuries, with the entry of symbolism into Bulgarian literature, a turning point occurred in which collective and national values were replaced by individual humanistic values of the individual. The turning point was formulated by his theorist Dr. Krastev, the first modern Bulgarian critic with a comprehensive literary program aimed at modernizing and Europeanizing Bulgarian literature. The literary circle of the same name was formed around the magazine "Misal" edited by him. His works accept as a basic value for art not social commitment, but the spiritual autonomy of the individual. Their interest is focused on the moral problems of the individual, the psychological and ethical, with special attention paid to folklore as a source of themes and plots. In the first years of the XX century the first issue of the humorous newspaper "Bulgaran" appeared in the literary space, which soon became one of the most significant humorous publications in the history of Bulgarian culture. The main organizer and author is Alexander Bozhinov, who previously collaborated in various magazines and newspapers, through his political cartoons, supplemented by short poetic or journalistic texts. Bozhinov's understanding of the public critical orientation of art and his absolute political independence made him related to other young artists such as Elin Pelin, Alexander Balabanov, Simeon Radev, Georgi Raichev and others. As a result, another creative circle was formed around the newspaper "Bulgaran", similar to the circle "Misal", which calls itself "Bulgarians", and its name emphasizes the tendency of its representatives, and especially Alexander Bozhinov, to caricature the native relations and manners, by using a variety of comedic forms and genres to comment on flaws, to attack vices with a negative impact on the modernizing community. The phenomenon "Bulgarian", with its essay line, plays no less important role than the magazine "Misal" in the construction of the literary life of Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The era of the Crusades was an era of pilgrims and pilgrimages to Jerusalem. The Russian Orthodox world did not accept the idea of the Crusades and did not consider the Western European crusaders to be pilgrims. However, Russian people also sought to make pilgrimages, whose purpose for them was personal repentance and worship of the Lord. Visiting the Christian relics of Cyprus was desirable for pilgrims on their way to Jerusalem. Based on the method of content analysis of the whole complex of works of Russian pilgrims, as well as the works of Cypriot, Byzantine, Arab, and Russian chroniclers, the author explores the history of travels and pilgrimages of Russian people to Cyprus between the 12th and 18th centuries, the origins of the Russian-Cypriot religious, intercultural, and political relations, as well as the dynamics of their development from the first contacts in the Middle Ages to the establishment of permanent diplomatic and political relations between the two countries in the Early Modern Age. Starting with the 17th century, the history of the Russian-Cypriot relations was developing in three fields: 1) Russians in Cyprus; 2) Cypriots in Russia; 3) knowledge of Cyprus and interest in Cyprus in Russia. The Cypriots appeared in Russia (at the court of the Russian tsars) in the early 17th century. It is known that there was constant correspondence and exchange of embassies between the Russian tsars and the hierarchs of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus that took place between the 17th and 18th centuries. The appearance of the Cypriots in Russia, the acquisition of information, the study of Cypriot literature, as well as translations of some Cypriot stories into Russian all promoted interaction on both political and cultural levels. This article emphasises the great historical, cultural, diplomatic, and political functions of the pilgrimages of the era of the Middle Ages and Modern History.

Copyright of International Journal of Albanology (ALBANOLOGJIA) is the property of University of Tetova and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Project-based learning centers education around the student's personality. It relies on the cognitive activity, creative imagination, creativity and team thinking of students, guided by teachers who are in the position of motivators and facilitators. The article presents a model for project-based learning, which makes interdisciplinary links between general and vocational education, combines elements of formal and nonformal education, active and interactive learning and involves students in a real learning community. The educational project “Enchanté de faire votre connaissance, Monsieur Onéguine” provided an opportunity to enrich the educational environment, outsource learning, new roles for teachers and students, pedagogical innovation, improving students' professional competencies and building an attitude to learning in whole life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Oriental Studies (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University) / Kazahskij Nacional'nyj Universitet Imeni Al'-Farabi Vestnik Seriâ Vostokovedeniâ is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study is aimed at diagnosing the knowledge of students in literature from IV grade through training in reading and extracurricular reading. The results obtained in the course of the research are aimed at ascertaining the students' knowledge regarding previously studied literary works. With the test check the teacher has the opportunity to establish not only the level of the mastered teaching material, but also the omissions of the fourth graders in order to take timely measures for their elimination. The practice of teaching shows that too often students, after acquiring certain knowledge of literature, do not return to what was previously studied in order to recall it, but turn their attention to the new literary work. In this way the information is forgotten, as a result of which the test examination reveals superficially acquired knowledge or lack of such. In this regard, the study, conducted with two classes of fourth-graders, designated as EG – experimental group and KG – control group, aims to show comparative knowledge in both, as well as the reasons for the mistakes. The idea in this case is to take good examples from the practice of teaching, to direct teachers and students to recall the previous teaching material, as they need it as much as the one they are currently studying in the curriculum of the respective publishing house. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the literary and critical context that is relevant to the Scottish emigrational poetry of the United States of the XIXth century. The main trends in the development of literary criticism are determined. Metropolitan Scottish and American literary criticism took little interest in the work of Scottish emigrational poets. Literary criticism was largely carried out by Scottish emigrational critics. The Scottish literary context has changed qualitatively due to a decrease in the scale of socio-cultural thinking, the problem of understanding Scots language, the attitude of Protestantism to the pagan heritage. Scottish emigrational poets minimize these tendencies in their poetical works.

Статья посвящена размышлениям о «пористо-лакунной» поверхности текста из литературных альбомов Дубравки Ugrešić и Ролана Барта, и анализирует формы литературного письма и поэтики, которыми изобилует литература между Западом и Востоком после 1945 года. Ссылка на настоящие или воображаемые альбомы является важным, связующим элементом. Их общая черта заключается в интеграции коротких прерывистых форм для описания уязвимой жизни мигрантов, пострадавшей от войн и катастрофы бегства и изгнания. Учитывая повсеместность миграционного опыта в наше время, интерес к семейным альбомам проистекает из чувства переживания потери. Он состоит в поиске слов и форм изображения жизни, осязаемой скорее при помощи альбомов и сборников материалов, чем длинных романов.

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C привлечением архивных источников, периодических изданий и трудов современных исследователей рассмотрено формирование культа Сталина в Советской Белоруссии. Немногочисленные работы, появившиеся во время двух волн десталинизации – во второй половине 1950-х – 1960-е гг. и во второй половине 1980-х – 1990-е гг., – не раскрыли феномен культа вождя в БССР. В них были лишь обозначены контуры данной проблемы, без прояснения ее сути, конкретных форм проявления и последствий. Рассматривается период от XVII съезда ВКП(б), когда культ начал активно формироваться, до 60-летнего юбилея Сталина, когда почитание вождя достигло своего пика. Дополненный неограниченным насилием, культ не менее эффективно, чем марксистская доктрина, мобилизовал общество на поддержку советского тоталитарного режима. Культ вождя коренился в традиционном, архаическом обществе и имел иррациональные начала, что наглядно иллюстрировала вся советская политическая культура. Главным инструментом его конструирования была партийная бюрократия – подлинный правящий класс советского общества. Культ внедрялся с помощью пропагандистской машины и представлял, по сути, государственную религию с собственными священными текстами, догматами, ритуалами, обрядами, праздниками и святынями. По указанию и под контролем партийного руководства образ харизматического вождя целенаправленно формировался на протяжении второй половины 1930-х гг. с помощью средств массовой информации, литературы, искусства, а также учреждений образования.

При использовании методов анализа, применяемых в фольклористике, в литературном произведении выявляются повествовательные модели и типы персонажей, сформированные в мифе, сказке и обряде. Разные литературные герои входят в одну архетипическую парадигму и обнаруживают одинаковые инвариантные функции, свойства и атрибуты. В связи с этим открываются исследования общих традиционных элементов структуры и поэтики литературных произведений и интерпретации отдельных литературных текстов с точки зрения взимодействия в них «готовых» и индивидуальных значений и правил построения.

The article aims to present basic theoretical problems connected with studying folklore in the secondary stage of Bulgarian schools. The first part offers a brief diachronic review of the theoretical paradigm of Bulgarian folklore research, presenting the transition from the narrow philological understanding of folklore as "national poetic creativity" towards its wide sociological interpretation as "a type of creative culture". In the second part of the article two curricula for the fifth grade, in which folklore is a key component, are analysed and compared - the one from 2007/2010 academic years and the current one, implemented since 2016/2017. The main goal of this part is to demonstrate how and how much the Literature curricula offer an opportunity for studying folklore in alignment with current theoretical stipulations in Bulgarian folklore research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Doxa / Doksa is the property of I. I. Mechnikov Odessa National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)