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В статье на данных Федеральной службы государственной статистики анализируются процессы конвергенции в смертности в городах России с населением от 100 тыс. до 1 млн человек в допандемийный период (2012-2019 гг.), во время пандемии COVID-19 (2020 г.) и после ее окончания (2021-2022 гг.). Показано, что наибольшая конвергенция интервальной продолжительности жизни наблюдается в возрастных группах 0-15 и 15-35 лет, а группа 35-65 лет остается наиболее значимым резервом для снижения смертности и дальнейшей конвергенции. Также показано, что пандемия затормозила конвергенцию регионов по уровню смертности, дифференциация ожидаемой продолжительности жизни в возрастном интервале 35-65 лет практические не сокращается с годами, т. е. отстающие города не заимствуют практики городов-лидеров.

The main goal of this article is to examine the differences in the structure of the expenditure of the “Central Gorvernment” sub-sector by functions of the classification of the functions of state government (COFOG) between the EU-26 and Bulgaria in the period 2007 - 2021 and, on this basis, to analyze the conducted public policies in the field of providing collective services for the benefit of society, aimed at increasing public welfare. To realize the set goal, an integral coefficient of structural differences is used. The obtained results indicate that during the analyzed period there are significant differences in the structure of certain expenditure by functions of the COFOG between the EU-26 and Bulgaria, which in turn is the reason for differentiation in the public policies implemented between the EU and Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The features of the formation of transversal competencies among students of physical and technical specialties are considered. The necessary elements for the formation of transversal competencies, such as self-awareness, value orientations, interpersonal and social relationships, relative independence in relation to the outside world and responsibility for one's actions have been identified. It has been established that transversal competencies are interdisciplinary in nature. It is shown that systemic-synergetic and convergent approaches can be used in the formation of transversal competencies. It has been established that independent educational and methodological activity is a fundamental element in the formation of transversal competencies. Using the example of practical classes in the discipline "Diffusion instability in multicomponent gaseous media", studied by undergraduates of the educational program "Technical Physics", the development of transversal competencies in students through the use of problem-solving methodology is shown. In the example under consideration, the problem-solving methodology used to develop transversal competencies involves the implementation of eight stages of work. The implementation of each stage of work involves the development of certain transversal competencies. It has been established that transversal competencies developed in this way during the implementation of practice-oriented training will contribute to the adaptation of master's graduates to rapidly changing situations. The latter assumes that the transversal competencies formed during the learning process will allow graduates of the master's program to transfer the acquired knowledge to a specific situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the convergence of education and business on the example of training bachelors and masters in the direction «Technology ofproducts and organization of catering::. The implementation of this approach is carried out using its own educational standards, developed taking into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard in this direction and Professional Standards. This is reflected in the structure of the Educational Program, the choice of disciplines, as well as in the subject of final qualification works for students of the Graduate School of Biotechnology and Food Science of the Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, a number of which are presented in this article.

Copyright of Journal of Mathematics, Mechanics & Computer Science is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In times of unstable economic conditions, it is important to increase the efficiency of activities of large industrial enterprises, to strengthen the interaction of business units of all shapes and sizes, to balance information space, to improve legal support and economic mechanisms of state support. Sustainable and long-term development of the region is simply impossible without implementation of these aspects. Companies should follow a single strategy of financial development, which is a prerequisite for convergence, and helps to successfully implement various regional programs, including socially oriented ones. It should be noted that sustainable development determines the region's potential in ensuring quality of life. In this regard, it is necessary to increase business activity of large economic entities of industrial specialization of the region. The article is devoted to studying the impact of business activity of large industrial enterprises of the Novgorod region on the convergence of the region's economic space. In Novgorod region, several enterprises of industrial specialization play a significant role in forming the regional budget: AO Laktis, PJSC Acron, JSC Borovichi Refractories Plant. These enterprises are large taxpayers and stick to the strategy of sustainable economic and social development. The current development trend of the analyzed enterprises allows us to draw conclusions about the formation of the convergence process. The study of regional convergence in the Novgorod region made it possible to describe its model, its basic principles of work and produce recommendations that can be applied by other constituent entities of the Russian Federation taking into account possible risks of further development. It is concluded that convergence is not only a result and a condition, but also an algorithm for the development of a regional economy. Activation of the convergence process requires the development of a set of management decisions supported by mechanisms for their implementation. / В условиях нестабильной экономической ситуации все большее значение приобретает повышение эффективности деятельности крупных промышленных предприятий, усиление взаимодействия различных форм и размеров предпринимательских структур, стабилизация информационного пространства, совершенствование правового обеспечения и экономических механизмов государственной поддержки. Без этого устойчивое и долговременное развитие региона попросту невозможно. Однонаправленное движение субъектов в рамках реализации единой стратегии финансового развития является предпосылкой одного из важнейших явлений экономического роста – конвергенции, а также создает предпосылки для успешной реализации различных региональных программ, имеющих, в том числе, и социальную значимость. Стоит отметить, что устойчивое развитие как процесс согласованных изменений определяет потенциал региона в обеспечении качества жизни населения. Все это обосновывает необходимость повышения деловой активности крупных экономических субъектов промышленной специализации региона. Статья посвящена изучению влияния деловой активности крупных промышленных предприятий Новгородской области на конвергенцию экономического пространства региона. В Новгородской области значительную роль в формировании регионального бюджета играют несколько предприятий промышленной специализации: АО «Лактис», ПАО «Акрон», АО «Боровичский комбинат огнеупоров». Указанные предприятия являются крупными налогоплательщиками и придерживаются стратегии устойчивого экономического и социального развития. Текущая тенденция развития анализируемых предприятий, обусловленная уровнем их деловой активности, позволяет судить о формировании процесса конвергенции. Исследование региональной конвергенции в Новгородской области позволило описать ее модель, основные принципы работы и сформировать рекомендации, которые могут быть применены другими субъектами Российской Федерации с учетом возможных рисков дальнейшего развития. Таким образом, проведенный анализ позволил сделать вывод, что конвергенция является не только результатом и условием, но и алгоритмом развития региональной экономики. Активизация процесса конвергенции требует разработки комплекса управленческих решений, поддерживаемых механизмами их реализации.

The standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) based in London are generally considered a comprehensive, overarching set of principles, approaches, models, and general rules developed to be applied by certain undertakings for accounting and financial reporting purposes. Currently, 144 jurisdictions require all or most publicly listed companies to use the International Financial Reporting Standards, and another 12 jurisdictions allow their use. Although the International Financial Reporting Standards have been almost globally accepted in recent decades, it is symptomatic that the country with the largest capital markets in the world remains cautious, insufficiently enthusiastic about radical change, and still seems reluctant to take action to fully incorporate the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in its financial reporting system. The issues hypothesized to exist and trends that have emerged in recent decades, as well as political, institutional, and professional approaches and attitudes towards the eventual adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB and instituting the IASB’s standards (IFRS) as a domestic financial reporting regime in the United States, are the subject of this article. The objective that is the focus of the author’s research is to identify and explore the main reasons for not (yet) adopting IFRS in the United States, for the time being, and to find out a reasonable explanation. The issue is significant and has for long been and continues to be the focus of indepth scholarly debates and discussions among the academic and professional community. Compliant with the main goal of the author, the article explores the essence of the reasons for existing dissimilarities, differences even contradictions in scientific, regulatory, and professional standpoints, opinions and judgments, expectations, and attitudes regarding the possible adoption of IFRS in the United States, the uncertainty surrounding the issue, and the likelihood of this uncertainty to continue to exist. Based on research and analysis, a conclusion is reached regarding the primary factors under the predominant influence of which the process is most probably slowed down and the adoption of the IFRS as a financial reporting basis for American public companies, local issuers, is delayed. The results of the investigation of relevant literature and the comparative analytical investigations of the author reveal that in the foreseeable future the competent authoritative institutions of the United States do not intend to completely incorporate the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the Council (IASB), in the financial reporting system of the USA. There are no indications or solid evidence whether the convergence between the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the IASB and the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP), issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board of the USA, will be finalized. It seems that the regulators of the United States empowered to set the accounting rules are trying to continue to support requirements that are relevant to the specifics and peculiarities of the business environment in the United States. Academicians, analysts, international experts observing the process suggest that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) would never risk causing a “political storm” by ceding the control of accounting to a non-US body, even if it is an influential international organization that has been granted the status of authoritative and competent. However, there are also public statements on behalf of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and its staff expressing the well-intentioned position that a single set of international accounting standards should be developed and adopted by all. Thought-provoking is the fact that in the Commission’s Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years 2014- 2018 it is stated that: “The Commission will continue to promote the creation of high-quality accounting standards to meet the needs of investors.” More interesting is the continuation of the specific statement that: “Due to the increasingly globalized nature of capital markets, the agency will work to promote higher quality financial reporting worldwide and consider, among other things, whether a single set of high-quality global accounting standards is achievable.” What is the reality today? Although almost all joint IASB and FASB projects have been completed or are approaching completion, the convergence of IFRS and U.S. GAAP is still not achieved. The question that logically arises is whether it is time to recognize that the idea or the goal of a “single set” is not universally practical and applicable or is not achievable in the foreseeable future. The most likely answer seems to be in the affirmative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Рецензия на книгу: Дженкинс, Г. (2019). Конвергентная культура. Москва: РИПОЛ классик / «Панглосс».

С каждым годом в связи с техническим прогрессом появляется всё больше новых технологий и устройств для их реализации, компьютерные технологии прочно вошли в различные сферы жизни человека, а также в его быт. Участие в трудовом процессе требует выполнения широкого спектра зрительных задач. Немало профессий связано с сильным, а главное непривычным напряжением физиологических функций, при которых условия труда могут быть охарактеризованы как экстремальные (производство электронной аппаратуры, микроприборов, компьютерной техники и работа на них). Цель исследования – выявить особенности астенопии у лиц молодого возраста, обратившихся в поликлинику в течение 3-х лет. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 275 (540 глаз) молодых людей в возрасте 20–28 лет. Больным проводили офтальмологическое обследование: визометрию вдаль, вблизи, рефрактометрию, исследовали резервы аккомодации, запаса аккомодации, ближайшей точки конвергенции, характера бинокулярного зрения, фузионной способности, фории на шкале Маддокса по общепринятым методам. Пациентов, которые жаловались на "потемнение в глазах", исчезновение букв при чтении, светобоязнь и головную боль, обязательно направляли на допплерографию сосудов головы и шеи, а также на консультацию специалистов: невролога, психоневролога, оториноларинголога. Результаты исследований и их обсуждение. Установлено, что аккомодативная форма астенопии встречается наиболее часто – в 45 % случаев, мышечная – в 30 % и нервная формы – в 25 %. Современные условия учебы и промышленного производства, компьютеризация и использование различных электронных устройств усложняют степень информационного взаимодействия и решения различного рода зрительных задач. Это требует своевременной диагностики и профилактики астенопии. Мы получили численные критерии оценки форм астенопии, что важно для диагностики этих состояний. Выводы. Для каждой формы астенопии характерен свой симптомокомплекс нарушений зрительных, бинокулярных и нервно-сосудистых расстройств: а) для аккомодативной – легкая степень снижения остроты зрения вдаль и вблизи, снижение резервов абсолютной и относительной аккомодации, достаточный уровень фузии и конвергенции; б) для мышечной формы – легкая степень снижения остроты зрения вдаль и вблизи, незначительное снижение резервов абсолютной и относительной аккомодации, но имеется удаление ближайшей точки конвергенции, уменьшение амплитуды фузии и наличие экзофории средней степени выраженности; в) для нервной формы – легкая форма снижения остроты зрения вдаль и вблизи, выраженное снижение резервов абсолютной и относительной аккомодации, выраженное удаление ближайшей точки конвергенции и значительное уменьшение амплитуды фузии, а также наличие адаптационных расстройств.

Children are one of the most vulnerable sociodemographic groups at risk of poverty and social exclusion. Bulgaria and Romania are emerging as the countries in the European Union with the highest levels of child poverty in 2019. The countries with the lowest values of the indicator are Slovenia, the Czech Republic and Denmark. The study of the dynamics of child poverty in Bulgaria shows a downward trend in the development of the indicator for the 2009-2020 period. The study of convergence between European countries shows convergence between EU Member States in terms of child poverty. It is found that countries with higher initial levels of child poverty tend to decline rapidly and move closer to countries with lower levels. Bulgaria has turned out to be a typical example of a country in which there are relatively higher rates of poverty reduction in the group of children for the study period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Actual Problems of Jurisprudence / Habaršy. Zan̦ Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Subject. The subject of this paper are the main prerequisites for the harmonization of Russian and Chinese national accounting systems, as well as the main difficulties of convergence based on IFRS. Purpose. The purpose of the article is theoretical and practical justification of the possibility of convergence of Russian and Chinese accounting systems by considering the basic prerequisites for their independent development, as well as an analysis of the problems of transition of the two systems to IFRS standards. Methodology. The systematization of information about the studied objects was carried out by comparing the features of the historical, economic, national and ethical development of the two countries, by appealing to the analysts of Russian and Chinese authors, as well as the practice of drawing up financial statements by Russian-Chinese joint ventures. Results. As a result of the analysis, the main historical and normative prerequisites for convergence of the accounting systems of the two countries have been singled out, the main difficulties in comparing accounting practices and mechanisms for drawing up and presenting financial statements have been disclosed, and recommendations have been made for their elimination. The path of “club convergence” is proposed, which takes into account the historical, ethical and mental features of the national accounting systems of Russia and China. Conclusions. As the study showed, at present there are various prerequisites for the development of the concept of regional accounting convergence between Russia and China and other countries, in order to form a methodological apparatus for comparing the main elements of reporting of joint Russian-Chinese firms, for the successful implementation of joint investment projects in the energy sector, the military industrial complex, construction of large-scale infrastructure facilities, as well as strengthening trade cooperation. The conclusions and recommendations made by the author can be used in the training programs of the Russian-Chinese export center.

The article reviews transformations that contemporary media are experiencing during the period of convergence and intense competition for ratings. Decreased interest in large media leads to the need for better targeting and segmentation of content. In these conditions, mobile messengers, which provides an opportunity to create thematic channels that fully reflect the interests of the internet audience, are becoming an alternative to traditional media. Channels, not being full-fledged media, are capable of delivering unusual and unique authorial content, which is requested by attentive reader and designed in accordance with the latest media technologies.

Copyright of Scientific Research Almanac is the property of D.A.Tsenov Academy of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The dynamics of per capita consumption for the 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014 periods have been studied. Data for later years are missing. The research is based on the consumption per person in 56 product groups according to a single nomenclature and a single measure, in this case – the US dollar (at the average annual exchange rate to the national currency and at current prices). Unlike the study of consumption structures only, of structural differences and changes over time, this part of the study takes into account both structural differences and changes, as well as volume differences and changes. The article presents the results of the research, per the requirements in the № NID NI – 15/2017 to NID of UNWE contract, and its goal lies solely in the presentation of results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronics & Control Systems is the property of National Aviation University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Изучается важный аспект сотрудничества постколониальной элиты Бирмы/Мьянмы со странами Запада (после достижения в 1948 г. независимости Бирмы/Мьянмы), которое заключалось в установке контактов в военной сфере: закупке вооружения и военной техники, обучении бирманской армии, создании в Бирме автономных военных производств и т. д. Подчеркивается, что главную роль в перевооружении национальных вооруженных сил в послевоенные годы играла немецкая государственная оружейная компания Fitz Werner GmbH (FWG), сотрудничество с которой бирманская сторона отметила возведенным в Германии «Мемориалом отношениям с любовью». Делается вывод о том, что военное сотрудничество стран Запада с постколониальной элитой Бирмы/Мьянмы облегчило победу местной правящей верхушки во внутрибирманском гражданском противостоянии и способствовало достижению долгосрочного комромисса между модернистским и консервативным крыльями последней. Отмечается, что умелое использование национальной элитой Бирмы/Мьянмы фактора военно-политического сотрудничества с Западом к началу ХХІ в. открыло перед страной новые перспективы.

Close attention of Russian and foreign researchers is currently undergoing a process of changing the distribution of media content in the digital environment. The processes of convergence and digitalization put before the editorial board new tasks, the main of which to construct the single communicative space and to create the unified information environment, based on the integration of various formats of the contest. The goal of the article is to review the most important channels for the distribution glossy magazines content in the mobile application environment. To classify the application data in terms of technical, genre and communication features. Identify the advantages and problems that are revealed in the process of digitalization. Considering the links established between the different forms of glossy media and analyzes current trends in their development.

In the article the author analyzes the specificity of the constitutional lawmaking mechanism in the United States in the context of the combination of various lawmaking forms, including those that typical for different legal traditions. The uniqueness of the American legal system is that it combines the features of both common and continental law and so it has integrate nature. The author interprets constitutional lawmaking as the activity of competent lawmaking authorities on creation a constitution as the act of a special kind. The mechanism of constitutional lawmaking covers a system of interrelated elements (the static aspect) and successive stages (the dynamic aspect), providing the establishment and objectification of the constitutional norms in the form of an appropriate constitutional act. Converging nature of the American constitutional lawmaking mechanism has two aspects. The first aspect is connected with the specifics of adoption of the US Constitution. Initially in the mechanism of constitutional lawmaking the instrumentation of a treaty lawmaking has been involved. However the result of it was not an international treaty in the traditional sense, but a normative legal act with the supreme legal force. The second aspect represents a further development of the constitutional provisions through Constitution amendments (which is typical for continental constitutional tradition) and through the judicial constitutional lawmaking which is peculiar for common law tradition. The judicial constitutional lawmaking is carried out through the constitutional doctrines of the U.S. Supreme Court by which the constitutional norms are adopted without formal changes to the varying social conditions. It is concluded that the mechanism of constitutional lawmaking in the United States according to the integration nature of the American legal system expresses the law convergence because it combines three forms of lawmaking technique (contractual, legislative and case-law) and so far provides the best legal result.

Improvement of convergence for technologies of water resource use in agricultural production was studied. At modern stage of development of water utilization system within agribusiness of basin geosystems in the North Caucasus and Southern Federal District where more than 23 mln people (16.3 % of resident number of the Russian Federation) live a rather ambitious task of creating principally new technologies of water resource use in different technological systems confronts. The results of many years studies of natural and technical systems (NTS) “Natural Environment – Object of Activity – Population” in the field of water resource use show that the main and practically the only direction for solving this problem is to improve use of water resource energy on the basis of modern scientific approaches-and to create new production technologies for agricultural products. One of such scientific approaches is convergent approach that integrates achievements in fundamental knowledge (physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics etc.) and in sectoral scientific directions (material science, hydrology, hydraulics, informatics etc.). As conclusions, it should be noted that the convergent approach to creating new technologies and improving the existing technologies of water use in agribusiness makes it possible to form a stable tendency for wider use of renewable sources of electric power on small hydroelectric stations (HES) with the purpose to increase efficiency of water resource use. Besides, water regime in a root layer can be controlled and this promotes to manipulating with processes interrelation between consumption of necessary water quantity by plants and technology of water supply in active soil layer.

The article discusses the features of digital journalism, specialized applications for smartphones and tablets, which allow users to actively participate in the news creation, to discuss issues and problems that arise in recreative journalism. The article investigates the latest technologies of building applications and media texts recreative orientation, used by journalists and the audience for the transmission of related information. In the article for the first time characterized the role of augmented reality applications in the formation of social dialogue, which is aimed at deepening mutual understanding between journalists and readers and implementing recreational communicative functions of journalism. This article discusses the factors of successful functioning of these applications. The study will help a number of scientists to contribute to the development of innovative technologies.

Convergence theory is one of the basic concepts of modern sociology, economic thought and political science, perceiving in the social development of the modern era prevailing tendency of the convergence of the two social systems - socialism and capitalism with their subsequent synthesis in some “mixed society’’, combining the positive features and the properties of each.

The article is devoted to the correspondence between the dynamics of the labor productivity and the one of the level of consumption. The purpose of this paper is to identify the trends of cross-country convergence-divergence of considered indicators. Particular attention is given to China’s role in contemporary processes of globalization. The traditional methods of mathematical statistics are used to measure differentiation. The empirical base is the data for the period of 1980-2010, covering about thirty countries, which are developed and emerging markets (according to the IMF classification). The of work resulted in revealing a fundamentally new phenomena of the 2000s coming from the cross-country convergence of indicators such as productivity and consumption due to the dominating growth of these indicators in the countries-outsiders. It is concluded that the global space of consumption per capita and labor productivity is narrowed to a certain extent. However, excluding China convergence process is not visible or almost not visible. It was shown at the same time that the predominant (compared with productivity) dynamics of consumption is not always accompanied by a high growth rate of consumption over a long time interval.

The author gives an overview of the works of some foreign scholars, considering the characteristics of the «new media», the main trends of their development. Special attention is given to the phenomenological description of the process of transformation of journalism, the emergence of its new forms in the modern world of variety of media flows.

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article describes the nature of the relationships between subjects of the modern media space as a part of an open social system. The authors analyze the consequences of growth of media consumption, the Internet influence on the behavior of Russians and methods to measure the emerging media space and social networks.

The author of the article on the basis of the analysis of phonetic system of vowels and consonant phonemes of modern Kazakh language and phonetic system of Old Russian language tries to pay attention to a considerable community, to prove interrelationship of all language families, macrofamilies and areal communities.

In the article the author examines the convergence as a mechanism to achieve balance of private and public interests in the legislation of foreign countries. The division of law into public and private ones through the analysis of domestic and foreign legal doctrines and legislation is also considered.

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The article reveals the nature, sectoral features and factors of the EU regions’ polarization of innovation and technological development. Relatively high concentration of patent activity in the ICT sector and electrical engineering has been identified. Dominant spatial positioning of the German regions, some of the French, British, Swedish and Dutch regions has been proven. Although there is a trend towards some technological convergence of South and East-European regions with EU innovative leaders, the author argues, that permanent asymmetries of the EU regional innovation development persist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University is the property of National Mining University, State Higher Educational Institution and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is demonstrated in the paper the process of transition from the interdisciplinarity (relationships between scientific theories as logical systems) to the dialogue and intersubjectivity (relationships between creators, authors of theories) and, further, to the convergence, such type of thinking, when science builds qualitatively new technosphere, which will become an organic part of nature.

The article is dedicated to investigation of devision of law in public and private systems. In the anthor’s view such devision is conditional and is useful only for educational purposes. The convergence proofs the uniform of tasks, functions and aims of law and the devision of law on systems and brunches are purely nominal.

This article investigates the phenomenon of the blogosphere as its educational features. The hypothesis, which examines the educational features of blogs as a structure-forming. The hypothesis is supported by an analysis of some blogs. It is also seen signs of distance learning in the blogosphere, revealing their characteristic features.

The article deals with the questions of the theory of language contacts, bilingualism and code switch. The authors analyze French lexical-semantic units used in English-speaking magazines as the reflection of the code switch process.

Within historically observed period of the Russian language culture formation a great many of language borrowings from Turkish languages made up a special inner layer of the perception representing this culture and acquired conceptual meaning and helped to coin new concepts in the Russian language perception.

The article considers the concept of a word in the language of isolating type, which causes difficulty to translate English words into Chinese as well as means and ways to assimilate loan words.