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The article concerns the image of V.V. Rozanov as a " holy fool" in the critical and memoir literature of his contemporaries – V.P. Burenin, S.N. Trubetskoy, A.S. Glinka-Volzhsky, A.A. Izmailov, E.F. Gollerbach. An attempt has been made to determine the meaning of such a naming, the connection of the concept of a "holy fool" in the XIX–XX centuries with the image of the "blessed obscenity". The main functions of the classical medieval holy full are defined based on the scientific literature. Among such functions: nudity, illness, contradiction, word and gesture, spectacle, provocation, self-abasement, aggression, wandering, androgyny, holy fool and king, strange death. Some of these functions are analyzed in the article. Fragments of critical essays and memoirs of contemporaries about Rozanov, in which he was called a "holy fool", are examined for reflections of these foolishness functions. For example, the literary polemic initiated by V.P. Burenin in connection with V.V. Rozanov's article "About one alarm of Mr. L.N. Tolstoy" is analyzed in the context of the relations between the holy fool and the tsar. The definition of Rozanov's literary style, given in the article by A.S. Glinka-Volzhsky, is considered as a reflection of several holy fool functions at once. In addition, the everyday habits of the philosopher are indicated, which caused associations among his contemporaries with the "holy fool" and gave reason to call V.V. Rozanov so. Critics and memoirists of the Silver Age saw the reflection of the features of the medieval holy fool in the everyday behavior and literary style of V. V. Rozanov, and have been created, largely by Rozanov's suggestion, his image of a "holy fool" in the culture of his time. The presence of this image in the secular context of modernist art confirms both the special significance of the Christian feat of foolishness in the Russian Middle Ages, and the rootedness of the image of the "holy fool" in the national cultural memory. While remaining a sign of style or the basis of the author's position, "foolishness", nevertheless, inevitably refers to a certain type of religious life, religious experience, the possibility of which has not been disappeared in the secularized and aestheticized modern context.

Protection of the reproductive health of teenage girls and women is one of the priority medical and social tasks in the whole world, including the Donetsk region The aim of the research – to expand and supplement the understanding of the main links in the phenomenon of the formation of a model of risky reproductive behavior in adolescent girls with menstrual disorders in modern socio-demographic conditions. Materials and methods The study included adolescents with a gynecological age of at least 2 years who had data on menstrual disorder (MD) and risky sexual activity (RSA) over the past 6 months – group A (n = 257): non-heterosexual (NH), exclusively and predominantly same-sex preference when choosing a potential partner (I, n = 89) and heterosexual (H), who have never had a partner of the same sex (II, n = 168). Conditionally somatically healthy sexually intact peers, the first health group, with regular menstruation without gynecological and endocrine pathology formed the control group (K, n = 168). The data analysis was carried out using generally accepted methods of mathematical statistics. For the preliminary analysis of the data, the author's program «MedStat» (Lyakh Yu.E., Guryanov V.G., 2004-2012) was used, for the final analysis and construction of graphic elements of the work, the universal package for statistical analysis «Statistica 6.0» was used. Results and conclusions. A number of significant reference points - links of the phenomenon of formation of a model of risky reproductive behavior of teenage girls with menstrual disorders have been identified: upbringing in a destructive family environment with the formation of individual characterological features against the background of unformed self-regulation skills and a motivational value base, psychologically experiencing a feeling of loneliness as a problem, from a lowered mood to an expressed readiness for parasuicidal actions, demonstrating risky activity in hetero and non-heterosexual relationships with statistically significant higher in number of sexual partners with whom there were unprotected contacts in the last 6 months. As the severity of menstrual disorders increased, the share of teenage girls who had risky sexual practices increased, which leads to an increase in the number of sexually transmitted diseases, including HPV/HIV, unplanned pregnancy, its termination. The importance of the gynecologist's work with minors is increasing: during preventive examinations and lectures-trainings, counseling sessions, there should be a dialogue with the transmission of the values and meanings of sexuality determined by society, giving the opportunity to the younger generation to form reasonable models of sexual behavior.

: If we have to define the concept of "consumer behavior", we can generally define it as the relationship between the consumer and the companies that offer certain goods or services. Sales of goods and services in the market depend on consumer behavior and willingness to buy. The imposition of goods on the market depends on the willingness of customers to purchase and own them. Consumer behavior is determined by a number of factors: social, personal, cultural and psychological. User behavior depends on the type of purchase - accidental or planned. Depending on the reaction in the behavior during the purchase, we distinguish several types of behavior: complex (when buying a durable good, e.g. a car); uncertain (fluctuation from the time of use of a given product - e.g. onetime use); formed (the goods are offered by the seller); habitual (buying the same products every time). Consumer behavior is formed over a long period of time and passes through the following stages: desire, search, evaluation, purchase, satisfaction. In the article, we will try to track the consumer's behavior during a purchase decision and defend the thesis that the emotional state and attitude are decisive for rational behavior. The methods of analysis and evaluation will be a review of literature sources and author theses and statistical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a type of congenital heart malformation (CHM) with left-to-right shunt. This defect accounts for 20% to 40% of all CHMs. Ventricular septal defects can be single or multiple, isolated or associated with other congenital heart malformations. Based on the location, interventricular defects are perimembranous, subarterial, inlet and muscular. The prevalence of perimembranous defects is highest (75% to 80% of all VSDs), followed by muscular (approximately 10%), subarterial (5% to 10%), and inlet defects (approximately 5%). Based on hemodynamic influence which is related to the size of the defect, VSDs are classified as restrictive, moderately restrictive and nonrestrictive. In patients with not closed VSD, complications such as left-to-right shunt progression with left ventricular volume overload, infundibular pulmonary stenosis, aortic regurgitation in cases of subarterial and less often in perimembranous defects, pseudoaneurysm as a result of spontaneous closure of the defect by aortic valve leaflet tissue in supracristal defects and by tricuspid valve tissue in perimembranous defects, arrhythmias, infective endocarditis, pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger's syndrome can be observed. In most cases, closure of the defect is surgical, and successful transcatheter VSD closure is possible in carefully selected cases with a perimembranous or muscular VSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some behaviours in the goat, as a biological species, are still not well understood compared to other animal species. Feeding behaviour of goats reared on artificial liquid feed until weaning is one of them. Habituation to the teat or artificial mother is very important for the survival and vigour of the young goat. This is one of the first times when a problem may occur. Knowing and controlling feeding behaviour, just then, could provide more clarity and reduce economic losses to the farm. The aim of this review is to briefly summarise some aspects of individual and group feeding behaviour of goat kids after separation from their mothers, when switching to an artificial feeding system. Due to the few available studies in this species, similar studies in lambs and calves are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to present brief theoretical analysis of the link between attitude and behavior of children. Main aspects of this problem are outlined theoretically. The article focuses on some possibilities of predicting the children's behavior on the basis of its link with their attitude. Also, some factors that influence the link between attitude and behavior of children are introduced in the article. The main method used in the work is a theoretical psychological analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the social intelligence of university students. Identification of psychological features of students in achieving personal social success in the future through the study of social intelligence-one of the actual problems at the present stage. The university will occupy an important place in the system of students' professional training and prepare them for their future life. The educational environment is an interconnected and developing together space in which the development of professional competence of the future specialist and internal socially oriented qualities of personality are intertwined. The subject of the study is university students. Empirical base of the study: Almaty Humanitarian and Economic University. The study involved 50 students aged 18 to 21. According to the study, 3% of the subjects had high social intelligence, sociability in a social environment, and interpersonal relationships. Additionally, 6% of subjects showed higher social propensity, an above average level of social intelligence. This is confirmed by statistically established dependencies. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that its results suggest that a person with a high level of social intelligence is highly capable of distinguishing between individual and situational determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Economic Research & Business Administration is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The subject of the behavior of the individual in the organization is increasingly relevant these days. The strict and responsible fulfillment of the set goals depends on the behavior of the person who changes his actions under the influence of external or internal factors. Behavior can be conscious or unconscious, overt or covert, voluntary or involuntary. Organizational behavior as a scientific field studies the enduring characteristics of human behavior and human communities from the perspective of organized labor and management. It is an interdisciplinary field dedicated both to the study and understanding of the causes, structure and dynamics of individual and group work behavior, as well as to the practice of its impact, its actual practical management. Organizational behavior is concerned with defining, understanding, expecting and controlling human behavior within the organization and its environment. The potential motivating or demotivating impact of all aspects of organizational behavior is subject to reconsideration from the perspective of desired changes in behavior. These aspects include organizational culture, formal and informal structures and relationships, interpersonal behavior, communications, management and leadership. Individuality is an important factor and indicator expressing a particular and specific way of thinking of the person, emotional experience and behavior, which determine the unique attitude towards the environment and the personal self. Of particular importance in determining individuality are abilities and intelligence. An object of understandable attention is the behavior of the individual in the organization and the determinants of responsible organizational behavior. Organizational behavior seeks to provide practically useful tools for behavioral analysis at several levels. The behavioral process takes place in several dimensions, each with its own function. Each management approach also has motivational dimensions, because both activities are directly or indirectly related to the behavior of the organization's members. Managing organizational behavior includes both general and specific functions that must be performed by effective leaders. The specific approaches and techniques they use should reflect both the cultural specificity and the specific situation. The effectiveness of the modern manager is associated with style and influence tactics in the management of organizational behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to compare the Kazakh and English equivalent of phraseological units characterizing negative character according to the meaning and the purpose is to use negative character of a person in two languages through phrasaelogical units. The scientific significance of the article is the influence of language units describing negative character on the development of intercultural communication in two unrelated languages, and the practical significance is a promotion of the introduction of the phraseological units characterizing negative behavior used in two languages, in accordance with the laws of the national language without eliminating the semantic connotation caused by circumstances in the process of their use. The research methodology is based on comparative analysis of the Kazakh and English phraseological units, identification of full and partial equivalents in the compared languages and analysis of non-equivalent English and Kazakh phraseological units. In addition to the linguocultural and semantic methods, mainly the comparative method was used in the study. The description of human character is compared in any language with various phenomena, zoonymic components, objects, nature, plants and even colors. The authors described the similarities and differences of phraseological units of two languages. Similarities - phraseological expressions in both languages often use the somatism of the body part. The difference is that verbalized phraseological units in English are often combined with pronouns. The practical significance of the article is that the scientific conclusions based on a result of the research contribute to the development and formation of the field of intercultural communication and linguistic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

В статье представлен обзор докладов участников симпозиума «Генетические и эпигенетические механизмы поведенческих функций», включенных в научную программу XXIV Съезда физиологического общества им. И. П. Павлова, состоявшегося в Санкт-Петербурге 11–15 сентября 2023 года. Изложено основное содержание докладов ученых из университетов и научно-исследовательских институтов Москвы, Санкт-Петербурга, Калининграда, Новосибирска, Петрозаводска, Нижнего Новгорода, Ярославля, Ростова-на-Дону, Казани, Красноярска. Отмечен высокий методический и теоретический уровень представленных исследований, лежащих в русле крайне востребованного интегративного подхода к исследованию поведения. Современное понимание механизмов генетической и эпигенетической регуляции нервных сетей мозга при реализации поведенческих функций может быть достигнуто только совместными усилиями физиологии и генетики. Сложная система физиологических реакций, обусловливающая поведенческий фенотип, регулируется как непосредственно геномом, так и изменениями экспрессии генов, в основе которых лежат различные эпигенетические механизмы. Крайне важно учитывать, что пути реализации генетической информации не только регулируются генетическими, эпигенетическими и средовыми факторами, но и сами физиологические процессы опосредуют реализацию генетической программы. Дальнейшая разработка подходов, представленных в докладах симпозиума, открывает новые горизонты исследования поведенческих функций и коррекции патологических поведенческих реакций.

Введение. В статье представлен обзор категории «цель» с психологической точки зрения, раскрывается состояние исследования целей в настоящее время. Обобщены результаты порядка 100 литературных источников, включая эмпирические исследования целей. Предпринимается попытка собрать определения цели и обобщить их в единый конструкт. Показаны структура и свойства целей, отношения между средствами и целями, иерархия целей и подцелей, взаимосвязь между целями и планами, процессы постановки и достижения целей. Новизна работы заключается в уточнении категории «цель» с учетом имеющихся на данный момент научных знаний, конструировании психологического феномена «цель» на основе ключевых характеристик, используемых в литературе, выявлены дефициты в сфере изучения целей. Теоретическое обоснование. Теоретические наработки психологии в данной области используются во всех сферах деятельности – в образовании, на производстве, в спорте, системе здравоохранения и быту. Внимание уделяется конфликту целей и распределению ресурсов между несколькими целями, модели T.O.T.E., модели фаз действия «Рубикон», теории разворота Аптера, концепции психологической дистанции до цели, теме целенаправленного поведения с кибернетических позиций. Результаты. Автор дает исторический экскурс, касающийся категории цель конца XIX–XX вв., также отражены результаты исследований современного времени. На основании проведенного анализа установлено, что категория «цель» в XX в. бурно развивается и становится одним из звеньев мотивационной сферы человека. Обсуждение результатов. Категория «цель» в психологии является объектом исследования различных психологических школ и направлений и имеет ключевое значение в прогнозировании поведения, занимает одно из центральных мест в психологии личности. На данном этапе развития психологической науки недостаточно изучены вопросы динамики системы целей в различной экологической среде и во времени, характер связей в системе целей раскрыт в виде иерархических схем, без учета весов самих связей.

Цель работы — изучить характер поведенческих реакций крыс в тестовых заданиях при интраназальном введении кисспептина. Проанализировать влияние кисспептина на структуру поведения крыс в тесте «Открытое поле». В процессе работы использованы методы исследования: тестирование крыс в тесте «Открытое поле», методы математической статистики. В результате работы определено, что кисспептин оказывает модулирующее влияние на поведенческие реакции крыс в новых (стрессогенных) условиях. В проведенном исследовании с использованием тестовой установки «Открытое поле» получены новые данные об особенностях поведения крыс в условиях фармакологической активации кисспептинергических рецепторов. Отмечено, что кисспептин активизирует двигательную, исследовательскую активность, обладает противотревожным эффектом и положительно влияет на процессы пространственной памяти. Результаты, представленные в данной статье, позволяют уточнить механизмы гормонального действия рецепторов кисспептина на исследовательские реакции, уровень тревожности и память.

In this article the author on the basis of a philosophical reflection considers specifics of valuable-rational actions, and also their influence on creativity of consciousness and spiritual-moral personality improvement; the rationality problem as a component of values cultural diversity is analyzed.

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He article deals with the solution of the problem of tax evasion on the basis of determining the optimal strategy of tax audit in which the fiscal authority, with a limited budget, decides on the redistribution of resources between tax audits and improvement of the information system of reporting and analysis. The results of the simulation show that the investing in the modernization of the information system of tax administration is advisable in cases where the tax authority has limited inancial resources, but only to the extent that marginal costs to improve the quality of signals from taxpayers do not exceed the return on investments in the increase in the number of tax audits.

The breeding of entire mail pigs in modern pig farming is based on the quality of their meat, which means improving the carcass composition with more lean meat and more fat of the desired quality, while emphasizing various methods to prevent the appearance of boar taint. This review summarizes the state of research on the type and frequency of problems in the breeding and welfare of entire mail pigs. Observations of the behavior of uncastrated male pigs have shown increased activity, more frequent struggles to establish a hierarchical order, more frequent injuries and an increased degree of lameness compared to castrates and female animals. The influence of the group’s composition on sexual behavior, puberty and premature slaughter was analyzed in detail. It has been found that increased sexually motivated behavior towards pigs from the same box causes higher levels of stress. Observations of slaughtered animals with penile injuries ranging from 3% to 82% have been reported. Studies have been performed on the extent of skin lesions in different groups of animals. The possibility of vaccination against boar taint (immunocastration) was considered. It is concluded that the breeding of entire male pigs seems to be a favorable, future-oriented alternative to conventional surgical castration of pigs, provided that young intact boars are kept in a healthy and socially stable environment with sucient physical resources, as safeguarded by measures of enhanced animal care and management control. Recommendations for the practice are given, based on foreign and our research. They include: early socialisation in stable groups where entire males are separated from females; provision of more space in structured pens and provision of enrichment material for observation, keeping of the necessary hygiene and optimal microclimate, minimization of stress, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was made of the main behavior elements of lactating beef cows of different beef breeds observed together with their calves on natural and artificial pastures. The grazing time is comparable with that reported under other climatic conditions and other pasture composition. The physiological condition, climate elements, nutritional conditions and rearing system have an impact on the behavioural reactions of lactating beef cattle and their behavior. The lactating beef cows are characterized by allelomimetic (imitative) behavior. The behavior of suckler cows during grazing is a solid indicator of the quantity and quality of grass vegetation. Early in their life, young calves learn what to eat and how to avoid older animals grazing with them. Grazing with the mother is an important element of training the calf to use pasture food. Some animals show aggressive behaviour towards people, manifested by an attack when approaching them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Population & Economics is the property of Pensoft Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Проблема пренатальной гипоксии и отдаленных ее последствий является чрезвычайно актуальной с точки зрения механизмов развития различных патологических состояний. Исследования молекулярно-клеточных и эпигенетических механизмов, лежащих в основе нарушений поведения и способности к обучению, возникающих в результате действия повреждающих воздействий в критические периоды пренатального онтогенеза, невозможны без использования модельных экспериментов на животных, которые могут воспроизводить эмбриональное развитие человека, особенно развитие мозга плода. При изучении влияния пренатальной гипоксии-ишемии на животных используется большое количество протоколов, различающихся по виду и возрасту животных, по применяемому воздействию, его степени и продолжительности, а также по возрасту, когда происходит тестирование изучаемых параметров. В обзоре представлены различные модели на животных создания гипоксии/ишемии в различные периоды пре- и перинатального онтогенеза. Практически во всех рассматриваемых моделях показано отставание в развитии мозга, нарушения поведения и способности к обучению. Как правило, они связаны не столько с потерей нейронов у взрослых животных, как с изменениями их функциональной активности. Степень и направленность изменений на молекулярно-клеточном уровне зачастую бывает различной в зависимости от типа и сроков воздействия. Несмотря на большое количество исследований в этом направлении, полного понимания молекулярно-клеточных механизмов, лежащих в основе нарушений развития мозга вследствие воздействия пренатальной гипоксии, еще нет.

The article examines the features and content of revolutionary euphoria and revolutionary violence in Russia during the spring of 1917. These indicators largely formed the reaction of Russian society to the events that took place and became decisive for the further history of 1917. The emotional coloring of Russian society on the eve of 1917 contained various indicators of the destructive beginning, aggravated by the complex political background and heavy inancial situation of ordinary people. For the mass moods of the spring of 1917, high expectations and an extreme degree of activity were characteristic. The collapse of the inflated expectations of the changes that have taken place and the activity of the masses in various directions threatened with heavy disappointment, accompanied by acts of unmotivated violence. The objects of violence were not only individual citizens who did not accept new changes, but also signs of the old world, symbols of the overthrown regime. The struggle with the past, the search for enemies and the emotional instability of the masses led to disorder and robbery. Moreover, the public moods and behavioral practices of this period were characterized by obvious ambivalence and dichotomy, manifested in the craving for destruction and self-organization.

The article explores the prerequisites needed for transforming individual and collective concerns about the environmental problems of the 21st century into moral action oriented toward the search for their sustainable solutions. The article uses explanatory models from the fi eld of the ethics of care, as well as attempts to apply the Kübler-Ross model of the fi ve stages of grief, exploring the hypothesis of a similarity between the experience of losing a loved one and that of losing the familiar natural world. Finally yet importantly, the text presents a critical view of anthropocentric ethics, analysing some of its arguments related to environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant mental health consequences across the world. Even though healthcare workers provide psychological services, the mental health of the overall population often is cause for concern. Psychosocial stressors of the population play a critical role in impacting both the spread of the disease and the occurrence of emotional distress and psychological disorder, during and after an infectious disease outbreak. The inability to plan, to anticipate future events, and to exert control, at least partially, over external variables inevitably generate stress and tension. Subsequently, this condition can generate more or less discomfort depending on the subjective evaluation of the individual, an evaluation which is influenced by the individual's stable personality traits. In fact, subjective experiences are never unique: stimuli endowed with the same stressful power do not necessarily cause these reactions in different individuals, while stressful conditions of varying degrees can induce the same response in different people. The aim of this research was to evaluate some aspects of mental health using answers related to this pandemic of a group young people, selected by chance. Results showed important changes in quality of life, insecurity, changes in mood and behaviour as well as not optimistic view for the future life. Discussion confirmed similar finding about young people opinions from other counties. Additionally, some mediating measures are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Перинатальный, особенно ранний постнатальный стресс может оказывать существенное влияние на физическое и психоэмоциональное состояние развивающегося организма и приводить к развитию зависимости. Стресс в раннем возрасте может вызывать тревогу, депрессию и снижение обучаемости во взрослом возрасте. Цель настоящего исследования - изучение влияния разных видов стресса в раннем возрасте на психоэмоциональное состояние, поведение, память и на развитие склонности к чрезмерному употреблению высокоуглеводной пищи у крыс. Исследование проводилось на потомстве крыс линии Wistar. Животные были поделены на 4 группы по 20-30 в каждой: 1-я - интактные крысята, 2-я - детеныши, отделяемые от матери на 180 минут, 3-я - отделяемые от матери на 30 минут, и 4-я группа - «неонатальный хэндлинг». Со 2-го по 12-й дни исследования крысята 2-й, 3-й и 4-й групп ежедневно подвергались воздействию соответствующего вида стресса. В возрасте 4 месяцев были проведены тесты «Открытое поле» и «Восьмирукавный радиальный лабиринт», «Вынужденное плавание» и «Тест двух бутылок». По результатам тестов «Открытое поле» и «Восьмирукавный радиальный лабиринт» наиболее гиперактивными, тревожными и наименее обучаемыми оказались крысы, отделяемые от матери на 180 минут. Крысы из группы «хэндлинг» имели более высокую исследовательскую активность, стрессоустойчивость и обучаемость, лучшую длительную память. По результатам теста «Вынужденное плавание» более «депрессивными» оказались крысы, отлучаемые на 30 минут. Выраженная углеводная зависимость наблюдалась у группы крыс с отлучением на 180 минут. В ходе тестов у отлучаемых на 30 минут крыс было замечено агрессивное поведение. Таким образом, стресс в раннем возрасте приводит к развитию долгосрочных последствий, таких как синдром гиперактивности, склонность к развитию депрессий, разного рода зависимостей. Это необходимо учитывать при разработке новых методов психотерапевтической и фармакологической коррекции.

Aim. To study the influence of melatonin and recombinant human fibroblast growth factor (rhFGF-2) on human umbilical cord multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hMMSCs) effects at experimental demyelination. Methods. Adult mice were fed with neurotoxin cuprizone for 3 weeks. hMMSCs (5×105 cells) were injected on the 10th day of cuprizone diet. Injections of melatonin or rhFGF-2 were started on the 11th day of cuprizone diet. We used cell culture, flow cytometric, spectrophotometric and histological methods, "open field" and "rotarod" tests. Results. Under the cuprizone influence the motor-, emotional activities and muscle tone decreased. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in brain increased while the activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased. After injection of hMMSCs the number of crossed squares and grooming activity increased while MDA content decreased. Melatonin and rhFGF-2 injections enhanced the effect of cells on grooming activity and increased the glutathione reductase activity. Melatonin also increased the number of boluses, muscle tone and glutathione peroxidase activity. Conclusion. Melatonin and rhFGF-2 improve the effect of hMMSCs in cuprizonetreated mice. The effects of hMMSCs and melatonin combination is greater than that with rhFGF-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

В лабораторных условиях на огурце проводили оценку опосредованных через растение взаимодействий оранжерейной белокрылки Trialeurodes vaporariorum и паутинного клеща Tetranychus urticae. Проростки в фазе первого настоящего листа заселяли фитофагами в двух вариантах плотности. Эти растения далее предлагались вредителям для изучения их реакции. Проявлениями данных реакций выступали степень предпочтения кормового субстрата фитофагами в условиях свободного выбора, а также численность личинок дочернего поколения белокрылки и суточная плодовитость паутинного клеща. Показано, что антиксенотические и антибиотические по отношению к вредителям свойства огурца зависели от вида фитофага-индуктора и от степени повреждения растения. Повреждения растений белокрылкой влияли на поведение и развитие особей только этого же вида. Повреждения паутинным клещом воздействовали на жизнедеятельность особей как этого вида фитофага, так и оранжерейной белокрылки. Анализ литературы по данной проблематике и результаты наших исследований свидетельствуют о специфичности ответных реакций растения на повреждения членистоногими, которая может определяться видовыми особенностями фитофагов и зависеть от характера и степени повреждения растения.

В последние годы активно исследуются механизмы воздействия на биологические объекты техногенных источников электромагнитных излучений и изменений естественного электромагнитного фона окружающей среды (ослабление, усиление). Важными индикаторами неблагоприятного влияния неионизирующих электромагнитных излучений являются изменения элементов врожденного поведения и когнитивных функций. При этом роль наследственно обусловленных характеристик нервной системы в определении чувствительности/устойчивости к колебаниям электромагнитных полей практически не изучалась. Цель работы заключалась в исследовании влияния излучения УВЧ-диапазона стандартного Wi-Fi-роутера и ослабленных экранированием внешних магнитных и электрических полей на врожденное поведение, отражающее ориентировочно-исследовательскую активность и эмоциональность животных в тесте «открытое поле», и когнитивные функции (сохранение условного рефлекса пассивного избегания) у самцов крыс двух селектированных линий ВП и НП (с высоким и низким порогами возбудимости нервной системы, низковозбудимые и высоковозбудимые, соответственно), а также крыс контрольной линии Вистар. Показано негативное влияние на врожденное поведение и память крыс двух линий с различными порогами возбудимости нервной системы ослабленных внешних электрических и магнитных полей, а также ЭМИ УВЧ-диапазона. Крысы с высокой возбудимостью нервной системы оказались более чувствительными к изменениям магнитного и электрического фона, электромагнитным излучениям по сравнению с низковозбудимыми животными.

Introduction. This paper considers the possibility of explaining organizational vandalism through personality emotional manifestations in employees. Despite the fact that company employees often cause considerable damage to its material, information, and social environment, little attention has been devoted to studying such a form of destructive behavior in adults. Previous studies have taken into account only disparate data on employees’ aggressive manifestations in the workplace (corporate sabotage, mobbing, negligence, etc.). In the scientific literature, scant attention has been paid to the predictors of adult vandalism and formation mechanisms of this type of human interaction with the organizational environment. This reduces the potential effectiveness of the programs and measures designed to prevent and combat vandal behavior in employees. This study introduces the concept of ‘organizational vandalism’ among company employees and attempts to discover its emotional basis. Theoretical Basis. The ‘organizational vandalism’ concept and the model of its emotional basis were developed using the method of theoretical modeling. The authors relied on Plutchik’s evolutionary theory of emotions to describe the emotional basis of organizational vandalism. This enabled them to correlate emotions experienced by individuals in organizational environments with various vandal behaviors provoked by them. Results. The model of organizational vandalism developed by the authors included eight basic types of employees’ vandalism related to primary (basic) emotions. These were aggressive, existential, conformal, incidental, reactive, and environmental types of vandalism and also vandalism of incompetence and vandalism of alienation. ‘Mixing’ primary emotions leads to more complex emotional experiences, which form the basis for certain types of employees’ vandalism in the workplace including vandalism of modernization and also its possessive, curious, vindictive, ‘cynical’, panic, and competitive types. Discussion. The proposed theoretical model of the emotional basis of organizational vandalism should be integrated into a comprehensive system that would consider personal and organizational factors to prevent destructive behavior in company employees.

Purpose. The article considers the evolution of the concept “value” in domestic and foreign scientific tradition. The so-called “umbrella” nature of the modern linguistics gives an opportunity of versatile and multidimensional study of this phenomenon. Evaluative, dynamic, human attitude to the world, on the one hand, and its fixation, static character in language, on the other hand, caused a contradictory interpretation of traditional concept “value”. Unlike the philosophical category, the linguistic understanding of value does not exclude its bipolar interpretation as “anti-value”. Originality. The distinction of values in the framework of the two-pronged approach allows determining the specificity of the linguistic approach to axiological understanding of values and anti-values as verbalized phenomena existing in close connection with pragmatic and cultural attitudes of society. Methodology. Systematic and dialectical approaches as well as inductive-deductive and comparative methods are the basis of the research. Results. The goals and objectives of this study determine the multidimensional interpretation of the concept “value”. The representation of values as a philosophical, axiological, linguistic and cultural unity is unique. Objectivity, dynamism and systemic nature of value are manifested through its linguistic and verbal embodiment. Studying of values as a philosophical category, the focus is on positive values, while attention of linguistic researchers is mainly addressed to the anti-values, as the embodiment of native speakers antisociality. Numerous classifications of values are the result of evaluative-actional attitude to the world. A value picture of the world, fixed in the consciousness of representatives of a single ethnic group and in the language of this ethnic group, is a system of values, and pseudo-values and anti-values. Practical implications. The significance of this work is determined by the fact that it contributes to the development of linguoculturological direction – axiological linguistics – and it expands modern ideas about values. The theoretical foundations of the study of values are clarified, the necessary definitions of the basic concepts are proposed in the paper.

Copyright of Economic Annals-XXI / Ekonomìčnij Časopis-XXI is the property of Institute of Society Transformation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a long-lasting progressive neurodegenerative disease that degrades memory and cognitive function and is often complicated by disorientation and other psychiatric syndromes. At present, to improve the condition of patients with AD, for their treatment, use the drug memantine. The drug is a noncompetitive antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors in the brain. The present experiments aimed to test the influence of memantine on the memory processes in rats. We used the passive avoidance test "Stepdown". The latter is used to assess memory function based on the association formed between a particular environment that an animal is learning to avoid and a negative stimulus in the form of a weak electric shock to the feet. We found that memantine significantly, twice, decreased the latency time step-down from the platform in rats during their familiarization with the chamber. The rats became more determined and less afraid of the unknown environment under memantine. Memantine significantly affected the emotionality of young rats, which leads to errors in the passive avoidance test. However, it did not impair memory. It can be concluded that memantine induces a shift toward greater excitability in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. In disaster situations, medical professionals involved in emergency care and treatment find themselves facing a number of new challenges other than normal work. The need for new knowledge in this area increases with the changes in nature and society. Material and methods. The purpose of this article is to study medical professionals as individuals engaged in specific activity in difficult for them both as individuals and as health professionals time - in exceptional circumstances and disasters. A documentary sociological method for research, processing and analysis of sources in scientific journals on the topics "emergencies", "disasters" and "psychology" is applied. Results. Reactions to professional stress can be characterized as physiological, psychological and behavioral. Disasters raise the question of the need to stimulate a more conscious approach to action, based on the link between situational requirements, personal needs and behavioral responses. Emergencies are a major challenge for those helping. On the one hand, they interact with people who have experienced severe stress, who are confused, helpless, numb or hyperactive. On the other hand, the health professionals themselves are exposed to excessive emotional stress, which can exceed their ability to perceive and make sense of what happened. In order to overcome the negative emotions of the person in an extreme situation and to strengthen its conscious will regulation, it is necessary to develop the skills for reflection of the experiences by recognizing them, to understand what is happening in the specific context, to realize one's own needs and to choose appropriate actions for the situation. Conclusions. Occupational stress and burnout in medical staff are a problem in both pre- and disaster periods. The interpretation of their role is possible in two aspects: through the prism of the professional and through the prism of the personal (as people). Disasters raise and influence additional factors that are absent in the predisaster periods. Strategies for dealing with disaster situations are determined by the individual characteristics of the person, the rational approach to dealing with stress, the effectiveness of reorganising the work, social support, etc. The study found that the topic of occupational stress in current healthcare is widely covered in the literature. It is necessary to develop the topics of the peculiarities of stress in disasters and the effects of emergencies and disasters on the psyche and behavior of medical staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The guppy, Poecilia reticulata, is a model for many ichthyological studies. The effect of light on juvenile growth has been studied on the Poecilia reticulata. Studies have been conducted in twenty-liter aquariums. For experiments on the fish arbitrary choice of light intensity (light transmission behavior), it was used radiant pans of organic glass 150 x 15 x 15 cm divided by transparent semi-partitions into ten communicating compartments. The specific growth rate has been determined after the experiments. It increases with the light level increasing. The growth rate is minimal at 0 lx in all series of experiments. It was shown that the sharpest increase in the specific growth rate of guppies occurred when the illumination changed from 0 to 200 lx. A further increase in the intensity of illumination practically did not affect the growth of guppies. Also, the guppy juvenile behavior has been studied in special trays at different light from 3200 to 5900 lx. The motor activity of guppies increases by 30% in lightgradient conditions. The frequency (25 sec) and length of guppies stay (28.3 sec) are the highest in the compartment with 4700 lx. The preferential light zone expands if the juveniles are starving. As the period of starvation increased, guppies began to swim almost equally often and linger in different light zones. Thus, high light conditions stimulate the search behavior and activity of guppies. To grow guppies in production conditions, high illumination is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the text is to historically contextualize Decameron and to analyse the motives for certain behaviour of the characters in several of the novels. The author tries to outline some more general social values, which determine the personal behaviour. Decameron is referred to such events as the famine in 1346 - 1347; it fosters the plague in 1348, and to the changing socio-psychological situation from the end of the 1340-ies in Florence. An answer is sought to a question, topical for our contemporary society as well: what is the sense of security of the inhabitants in the town-republic in the 1340-ies and the beginning of the 1350-ies? The irresistible vitality in Decameron, most frequently expressed in intimacy of the bodies, is considered an effect of the sense of insecurity, which reigns both minds and hearts at the time of the plague pandemic. The value of life is enhanced and the experience of love makes this value tangible. A reference is made to the fabliau from the 13th c. and to The Romance of the Rose. In Decameron is present, although in an idealized form, the actual background of the republican government of Florence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Company culture is a set of values, beliefs and actions. Successful organizations shape their corporate culture by analogy with product development and brand building, careful consideration of the overall concept and details. The culture of the organization must be managed - tailored to its goals and market specificity. Company culture research is a key step in addressing issues related to organizational development and staff behavior. The management strives to provide good working conditions for its employees, to meet their dreams and expectations, to create in them a sense of security and satisfaction in order to realize their plans. What is the behavior of staff during a crisis and how to motivate themselves to become involved - this depends on the level of corporate culture that is being established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Issues of increasing the reliability of investigating the coolant’s organic impurities behavior and the operational control of their concentrations at TPPs and CHPs are considered. Possible causes of the organics occurrence in the boiler feedwater and in the steam of the power plants are analyzed. The behavior of typical impurities in the liquid and vapor phases at high temperatures is studied. Materials and Methods. The analysis of the existing methods and devices for the organic impurities control in the coolant of the TPP and CHP circuits is conducted. Research Results. Taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of the existing techniques and monitoring devices, methods of their improvement are proposed. When monitoring the thermolysis process of the potentially acidic organic impurities in the liquid and vapor phases, it is recommended to use the installation of the All-Russian Technological Institute improved by the authors. In this case, the conductometric control of the thermolysis process in the vapor phase at different temperatures on the concurrent boilers should be carried out according to the readings of the conductometric cooled sensor placed in the controlled steam. A technique for the simultaneous measurement of the specific electric conductivity of water and steam condensate in the coolable conductivity sensor is proposed to simplify the study of the transition of organic impurities from boiling water to saturated steam. All this will allow obtaining the objective information about the organic impurities behavior in the water-steam circuit of the power units, the thermolysis process, and the sources of hazardous impurities flow into the boiler. Besides, taking into account the results of this work, the researchability of the behavior of potentially acidic substances and monitoring of their content in water and steam can be enhanced. Discussion and Conclusions. The advanced control devices can be used as a supplement to the existing ones for joint operation in the chemical and technological monitoring systems of the power plants. A method for improving the operating modes control systems of the evaporator plants under the thermal treatment of water from organic impurities, mainly to reduce the content of potentially acidic substances in steam and condensate of the plants, is proposed. For this purpose, it is recommended to use the control sensors previously developed by the authors.

В статье рассмотрена проблема неявного насилия, присутствующая в современном обществе. Объектом исследования стал фильм Бориса Хлебникова «Аритмия» (2017 г.) и, прежде всего, отношения двух главных героев фильма — супругов Олега и Кати, находящихся на грани развода. Образы героев подвергнуты анализу и интерпретированы в рамках концепций «мучителя и жертвы», принадлежащих американскому психологу Ланди Бэнкрофту и французскому психотерапевту Мари-Франс Иригуайан. Методология, разработанная психологами и психотерапевтами, позволяет не только исследовать и корректировать поведение и мотивы участников семейного конфликта, связанного с применением скрытого, морального насилия к одной из сторон на сеансах психотерапии, но и проанализировать образы насильника и жертвы в текстах культуры. Обращение к анализу киноисточников, репрезентирующих различные модели межличностного взаимодействия, представляется продуктивным способом рефлексии конфликтных и насильственных ситуаций, связанных с распределением ролей в социокультурной и семейной иерархии. В статье анализируется тип поведения и мотивация каждого героя, а также описываются основные сюжетные линии киноленты. Олег — типичный «мучитель», оправдывающий свое поведение проблемами на работе, и Катя — верная «жертва», ведомая и легко поддающаяся манипуляциям супруга. Переплетение сюжетов профессиональной деятельности и внутрисемейных отношений героев кинофильма становится благодатным полем для исследования образа действий Олега и Кати, которые репрезентируют на киноэкране модель развертывания взаимозависимых отношений, основанных на обыгрывании ролей, заданных указанной схемой.

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Achieving consensus in society on the role of education and the characteristics of competences for sustainable development requires an institutional plan to adopt a coherent picture of the individual and his or her characteristics, which, on the one hand, differentiate him from others but set common behavioral attitudes. This topic is essential for the sustainable, shared behavior of all people on planet Earth in adapting to climate change and protecting biodiversity. Human nature is a part of it, and it is important from the kindergarten to realize education in sustainable development in understanding and interpreting the natural and social world surrounding the child. Interactive forms for attitudes towards natural and social objects and phenomena (processes) are important. Standards No. 13 for the GEOI set criteria and indicators for its meaningful and organizational achievement in additional forms of interaction. On this basis, the report interprets an experimental design model for sustainable pre-school development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Research Almanac is the property of D.A.Tsenov Academy of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Light is one of the most important environmental factors that influence many physiological, biochemical and behavioral reactions of aquatic organisms. In this work, experiments were conducted to study how illumination influences on the growth of juveniles of two carp fish species (Carassius gibelio and Carassius carassius). In this work, experiments. The experiments were carried out in aquariums and trays with a light gradient. Twenty-twenty five fish were placed in each aquarium, three-four individuals were placed in trays. Fish were fed to saturation three times a day. Optimal types of illumination were identified for the growth of both species. 200-930 lx is optimal for juvenile Carassius gibelio. 230-500 lx is optimal for juvenile Carassius carassius. High illumination and total darkness negatively influenced the growth of both species. Very high illumination considerably slowed the growth rate. Survival in all cases was at 100%. Motor activity of juvenile Carassius gibelio in light-gradient conditions was higher than in balancing illumination. The number of vector movements, the average distance of movement and the total path of fish in the light gradient exceed the corresponding values in control in balancing illumination. When there was no food, the elected zones of the juvenile Carassius gibelio were shifted toward higher illumination. When the food was absent for half an hour, the juveniles chose a zone with the illumination of 600 lux (total time of stay was 15.8 minutes for 1 h). When it was absent for two hours, the juveniles chose a zone with the illumination of 1000 lux (17.3 minutes), and when it was absent for 24 hours, juveniles chose a zone with the illumination of 1000-1200 lux (28.5 minutes). The study discusses the effect of light on growth, the behavior of two species of fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Pediatric heart failure (PHF) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Currently, there are well-established guidelines for the management of heart failure in the adult population. Etiology and pathogenesis are different between adults and children: the first mainly relates to ischemia, the latter as a consequence of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) or cardiomyopathies in most of the cases. Hence, managing PHF requires specific knowledge and skills. Presently, there are well-established guidelines for the management of heart failure (HF) in the adult population, but the equivalent consensus for PHF is lacking. This article offers an overview on the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, conventional medical treatment with a specific focus on practical issues required for management of PHF, and the role of device therapy and heart transplantation for patients with refractory HF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Цель. В статье предложен анализ философско-социологических воззрений одного из основоположников теории символического интеракционизма – Дж.Г. Мида. Основная цель исследования – прояснить, почему концепция Джорджа Герберта Мида чаще всего обозначается как социальная психология или как социальный бихевиоризм. Метод или методология проведения работы. Метод исследования – историко-философский анализ, результатом которого выступает философская реконструкция теории Дж. Мида с использованием приемов герменевтического толкования текста. Результаты. Рассматривая феномен поведения, Дж. Мид приходит к выводу о социальной обусловленности последнего, тем самым утверждая, что именно взаимодействие между индивидами выступает как условием формирования поведения, так и условием генезиса самости. Именно поэтому, ибо Я зависит от Другого, концепция, предложенная Дж. Мидом и получившая широкое распространение благодаря его ученикам, принадлежит такому направлению мысли как социальная психология. Область применения результатов. Результаты, полученные в настоящей статье, могут быть применены в таких фундаментальных областях как философия, теоретические социология и психология.

Цель статьи состоит в формировании классификации систем для целей повышения эффективности управления экономическими системами. Выполнен обзор существующих классификаций систем. Исследованы имеющиеся классы систем. По итогам исследования предложена классификация систем «свойства-признаки». Предложенная классификация позволяет строить системы с требуемыми признаками на основе комбинации ее свойств. Это позволяет получать экономические системы, соответствующие определенным наборам требований, и, как следствие, повышать качество управления экономическими системами.